Long term black carbon measurements at two urban locations in New York

Aerosol and Air Quality Research

Volumn 13, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 1181-1196

  Rattigan, Oliver V ^a   Civerolo, Kevin ^a   Doraiswamy, Prakash ^b,d   Felton, H Dirk ^a   Hopke, Philip K ^c  

^a NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION   (United States)

^b STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK   (United States)

^c CLARKSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d RTI INTERNATIONAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Aethalometer ; Black carbon; Diurnal pattern; Nickel; Wood smoke

Indexed keywords

AETHALOMETER; BLACK CARBON; BOUNDARY LAYER DYNAMICS; DIURNAL PATTERN; MEAN CONCENTRATIONS; SEASONAL PATTERNS; SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENT; WOOD SMOKE;

AIR QUALITY; POLLUTION;

NICKEL;

AIR QUALITY; BLACK CARBON; BOUNDARY LAYER; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); OPTIMIZATION; SEASONAL VARIATION; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; TEMPORAL VARIATION; URBAN AREA; URBAN ATMOSPHERE;

NEW YORK [UNITED STATES]; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84880582171     PISSN: 16808584     EISSN: 20711409     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4209/aaqr.2013.02.0060     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Albrecht, B.A. (1989). Aerosols, Cloud Microphysics and Fractional Cloudiness. Science 245: 1227-1230.
2. Arnott, W.P., Hamasha, K., Moosmuller, H., Sheridan, P.J. and Ogren, J.A. (2005). Towards Aerosol LightAbsorption Measurements with a 7-Wavelength Aethalometer: Evaluation with a Photoacoustic Instrument and 3-Wavelength Nephelometer. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 39: 17-29.
3. Baxla, S.P., Roy, A.A., Gupta, T., Tripathi, S.N. and Bandyopadhyaya, R. (2009). Analysis of Diurnal and Seasonal Variation of Submicron Outdoor Aerosol Mass and Size Distribution in a Northern Indian City and Its Correlation to Black Carbon. Aerosol Air Qual. Res. 9: 458-469.
4. 2.5 at an Urban Site at Dhaka, Bangladesh. Aerosol Air Qual. Res. 12: 1062-1072.
5. Birch, M.E. and Cary, R.A. (1996). Elemental Carbonbased Method for Monitoring Occupational Exposures to Particulate Diesel Exhaust. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 25: 221-241.
6. Bond, T.C., Anderson, T.L. and Campbell, D. (1999). Calibration and Intercomparison of Filter-based Measurements of Visible Light Absorption by Aerosols. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 30: 582-600.
7. Bond, T.C., Bhardwaj, E., Dong, R., Jogani, R., Jung, S., Roden, C., Streets, D.G. and Trautmann, N.M. (2007). Historical Emissions of Black and Organic Carbon Aerosol from Energy-related Combustion, 1850-2000. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 21: GB2018, 1-16.
8. Cheng, Y., Ho, K.F., Wu, W.J., Ho, S.S.H., Lee, S.C., Huang, Y., Zhang, Y.W., Yao, P.S., Gao, Y. and Chan, C.S. (2012). Real-Time Characterization of ParticleBound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at a Heavily Trafficked Roadside Site. Aerosol Air Qual. Res. 12: 1181-1188.
9. Chow, J.C., Watson, J.G., Chen, L.W.A., Chang, M.C.O., Robinson, N.F., Trimble, D. and Kohl, S. (2007). The IMPROVE_A Temperature Protocol for Thermal Optical Carbon Analysis: Maintaining Consistency with a LongTerm Database. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 57: 1014- 1023.
10. Cornell, A.G., Chillrud, S.N., Mellins, R.B., Acosta, L.M., Miller, R.L., Quinn, J.W., Yan, B., Divjan, A., Olmedo, O.E., Lopez-Pintado, S., Kinney, P.L., Perera, F.P., Jacobson, J.S., Goldstein, I.F., Rundle, A.G. and Perzanowski, M.S. (2012). Domestic Airborne Black Carbon and Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Children in NYC. J. Exposure Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 22: 258-266.
11. 2.5 Concentrations with Measurements. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 60: 1293- 1308.
12. Graham, J. (2010). Select Trace Elemental Composition of Fuel Oil used in the Northeastern United States, EM Magazine, Air & Waste Management Association, p. 16- 22.
13. Hansen, A.D.A., Rosen, H. and Novakov, T. (1984). The Aethalometer -An Instrument for the Real-time Measurement of Optical Absorption by Aerosol Particles. Sci. Total Environ. 36: 191-196.
14. Hildemann, L.M., Markowski, G.R., Jones, M.C., Cass, G.R. (1991). Submicrometer Aerosol Mass Distribution of Emissions from Boilers, Fireplaces, Automobiles, Diesel Trucks, and Meat Cooking Operations. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 14: 138-152.
15. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007). Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment, Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Solomon, S. et al., (Eds.), Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U.K.
16. Jacobson, M.Z. (2002). Control of Fossil-Fuel Particulate Black Carbon and Organic Matter, Possibly the Most Effective Method of Slowing GlobalWarming. J. Geophys. Res. 107: 4410, doi: 10.1029/2001JD001376
17. Janjic, Z.I. (2001). Nonsingular Implementation of the Mellor-Yamada Level 2.5 Scheme in the NCEP Meso Mode, NCEP Office Note No. 437, p. 1-61.
18. Jeong, C.H., Hopke, P.K., Kim, E. and Lee, D.W. (2004). The Comparison between Thermal-optical Transmittance Elemental Carbon and Aethalometer Black Carbon Measured at Multiple Monitoring Sites. Atmos. Environ. 38: 5193-5204.
19. Kim, J.J., Smorodinsky, S., Lipsett, M., Singer, B.C., Hodgson, A.T. and Ostro B. (2004). Traffic-related Air Pollution near Busy Roads The East Bay Children's Respiratory Health Study. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 170: 520-526.
20. Kim, Y.J., Kim, M.J., Lee, K.H. and Park, S.S. (2006). Investigation of Carbon Pollution Episodes Using Semicontinuous Instrument in Incheon, Korea. Atmos. Environ. 40: 4064-4075.
21. Kirchstetter, T., Novakov, T. and Hobbs, P. (2004). Evidence that Spectral Light Absorption by Aerosols Emitted by Biomass Burning and Motor Vehicles is Different due to Organic Carbon. J. Geophys. Res. 109: D21208.
22. Liousse, C, Cachier, H. and Jennings, S.G. (1993). Optical and Thermal Measurements of Black Carbon Aerosol Content in Different Environments: Variations of the Specific Attenuation Cross-section, Sigma(s). Atmos. Environ. 27A: 1203-1211.
23. Lippmann, M. (2009). Semi-continuous Speciation Analysis for Ambient Air Particulate Matter: An Urgent Need for Health Effects Studies. J. Exposure Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 19: 235-247.
24. Lough, G.C., Schauer, J.J. and Lawson, D.R. (2006). Day of Week Trends in Carbonaceous Aerosol Composition in the Urban Atmosphere. Atmos. Environ. 40: 4137-4149.
25. Malm, W.C., Sisler, J.F., Huffman, D., Eldred, R.A. and Cahill, T.A. (1994). Spatial and Seasonal Trends in Particle Concentration and Optical Extinction in the US. J. Geophys. Res. 99: 1347-1370.
26. Park, K., Chow, J.C., Watson, J.G., Trimble, D.L., Doraiswamy, P., Park, K., Arnott, W.P., Stroud, K.R., Bowers, K., Bode, R., Petzold, A. and Hansen, A.D.A. (2006). Comparison of Continuous and Filter-Based Carbon Measurements at the Fresno Supersite. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 56: 474-491.
27. Park, S.S., Hansen, A.D.A., Sung, Y. and Cho, S.Y. (2010). Measurement of Real Time Black Carbon for Investigating Spot Loading Effects of Aethalometer Data. Atmos. Environ. 44: 1449-1455.
28. 2.5 by the EPA/NIOSH Method, Proceedings, Symposium on Air Quality Measurement Methods and Technology, 83-1-83-19.
29. Petzold, A., Kopp, C. and Niessner, R. (1997). The Dependence of the Specific Attenuation Cross-Section On Black Carbon Mass Fraction and Particle Size. Atmos. Environ. 31: 661-672.
30. Petzold, A., Kramer, H. and Schönlinner, M. (2002). Continuous Measurement of Atmospheric Black Carbon Using a Multi-Angle Absorption Photometer. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 4: 78-82.
31. Ramanathan, V. and Carmichael, G. (2008). Global and Regional Climate Changes due to Black Carbon. Nat. Geosci. 1: 221-227.
32. 2.5 Carbon Measurements in New York: Diurnal, Day of Week and Seasonal Patterns. Atmos. Environ. 2043-2053.
33. 2.5 Carbon Measurements at an Urban and Rural Location in New York, Atmos. Environ. 45: 3228-3236.
34. Saha, A. and Despiau, S. (2009). Seasonal and Diurnal Variations of Black Carbon Aerosols over a Mediterranean Coastal Zone. Atmos. Res. 92: 27-41.
35. Salako, G.O., Hopke, P.K., Cohen, D.D., Begum, B.A., Biswas, S.K., Pandit, G.G., Chung, Y.S., Rahman, S.A., Hamzah, M.S., Davy, P., Markwitz, A., Shagjjamba, D., Lodoysamba, S., Wimolwattanapun, W. and Bunprapob, S. (2012). Exploring the Variation between EC and BC in a Variety of Locations. Aerosol Air Qual. Res. 12: 1-7.
36. Schauer, J.J. (2003). Evaluation of Elemental Carbon as a Marker for Diesel Particulate Matter. J. Exposure Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 13: 433-453.
37. Seinfeld, J.H. and Pandis, S.N. (1998). Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change, Wiley, New York, p. 700-763.
38. Swamy, Y.V., Venkanna, R., Nikhil, G.N., Chitanya, D.N.S.K., Sinha, P.R., Ramakriskna, M. and Rao, A.G. (2012). Impact of Nitrogen Oxides, Volatile Organic Compounds and Black Carbon on Atmospheric Ozone Levels at a Semi-Arid Urban site in Hyderabad. Aerosol Air Qual. Res. 12: 662-671.
39. Turner, J.R., Hansen, A.D.A. and Allen, G.A. (2007). Methodologies to Compensate for Optical Saturation and Scattering in Aethalometer Black Carbon Measurements, In Symposium on Air Quality Measurement Methods and Technology, San Francisco, CA. AWMA, Pittsburgh PA, Paper No. 37.
40. Virkkula, A., Makela, T., Hillamo, R., Tuomi, T.Y., Hirsikko, A., Hameri, K. and Koponen, I.K. (2007). A Simple Procedure for Correcting Loading Effects of Aethalometer Data. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 57: 1214-1222.
41. Wallen, A., Liden, G. and Hansson, H.C. (2010). Measured Elemental Carbon by Thermo-Optical Transmittance Analysis in Water-Soluble Extracts from Diesel Exhaust, Woodsmoke and Ambient Particulate Samples. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 7: 35-45.
42. Wang Y., Hopke P.K., Chalupa, D.C. and Utell, M.J. (2010). Long-term Study of Urban Ultrafine Particles and other Pollutants. Atmos. Environ. 45: 7672-80.
43. Wang, Y., Hopke, P.K., Chalupa, D.C. and Utell, M.J. (2011a). Effect of the Shutdown of a Coal-fired Power Plant on Urban Ultrafine Particles and other Pollutants. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 45: 1245-49.
44. Wang, Y., Hopke, P.K., Rattigan, O.V., Xia, X., Chalupa, D.C. and Utell, M.J. (2011b). Characterization of Residential Wood Combustion Particles Using the TwoWavelength Aethalometer. Environ. Sci. Technol. 45: 7387-7393.
45. Wang, Y., Hopke, P.K., Rattigan, O.V., Chalupa, D.C. and Utell, M.J. (2012). Multiple-year Black Carbon Measurements and Source Apportionment Using DeltaC in Rochester, New York. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 62: 880-887.
46. Weingartner, E., Saatho, H., Schnaiterb, M., Streita, N., Bitnarc, B. and Baltensperger, U. (2003). Absorption of Light by Soot Particles: Determination of the Absorption Coefficient by Means of Aethalometers. J. Aerosol Sci. 34: 1445-1463.