Glutamate system as target for development of novel antidepressants

CNS Spectrums

Volumn 18, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 188-198

  Catena Dell'Osso, Mario ^a   Fagiolini, Andrea ^b   Rotella, Francesco ^c   Baroni, Stefano ^a   Marazziti, Donatella ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PISA   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SIENA   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE   (Italy)

Author keywords

Antidepressants; depression; glutamate (Glu); ketamine; N methyl daspartate (NMDA) antagonists; riluzole

Indexed keywords

2 AMINO 2 (2 CARBOXYCYCLOPROPYL) 3 (XANTHEN 9 YL)PROPIONIC ACID; 2 AMINO 3 (3,4 DICHLOROBENZYLOXY) 6 FLUOROBICYCLO[3.1.0]HEXANE 2,6 DICARBOXYLIC ACID; 6 QUINOXALINECARBOXYLIC ACID PIPERIDIDE; AMPA RECEPTOR; AMPA RECEPTOR AGONIST; ANIRACETAM; ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; CYCLOTHIAZIDE; EXCITATORY AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER 1; EXCITATORY AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER 2; GLUTAMIC ACID; IMIPRAMINE; KAINIC ACID RECEPTOR; KETAMINE; MEMANTINE; METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR; METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR 2; METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR 3; METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR AGONIST; METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; MOOD STABILIZER; N [2 [4 (3 THIENYL)PHENYL]PROPYL] 2 PROPANESULFONAMIDE; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR 2A; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; PIRACETAM; PLACEBO; PROPOFOL; RILUZOLE; UNINDEXED DRUG;

ADD ON THERAPY; ANHEDONIA; ANTIDEPRESSANT ACTIVITY; ANXIETY; BIPOLAR DEPRESSION; BIPOLAR DISORDER; CATECHOLAMINERGIC SYSTEM; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; DEPRESSION; DISSOCIATIVE DISORDER; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG INDUCED HEADACHE; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG RECEPTOR BINDING; DRUG RESPONSE; DRUG TARGETING; DRUG TOLERABILITY; ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY; EUPHORIA; GLUTAMATERGIC SYSTEM; GLUTAMATERGIC TRANSMISSION; HUMAN; IRRITABILITY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MONOTHERAPY; MOOD DISORDER; NEUROTRANSMISSION; NONHUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REPEATED DRUG DOSE; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; SINGLE DRUG DOSE;

ALDEHYDES; ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS; BRAIN; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; DRUG DESIGN; HUMANS; RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE;

EID: 84880539341     PISSN: 10928529     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1092852912000971     Document Type: Review

References (91)

1. Davidson JR. Major depressive disorder treatment guidelines in America and Europe. J Clin Psychiatry. 2010; 71: e04.
2. Gelenberg AJ. A review of the current guidelines for depression treatment. J Clin Psychiatry. 2010; 71(7): e15.
3. Stahl MS. Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications. 3rd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2008.
4. Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O. The epidemiology of major depressive disorder: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). JAMA. 2003; 289(23): 3095-3105.
5. World Health Organization. Data and Statistics. http://www.who.int/ research/en. Accessed September 16, 2010.
6. Vieta E, Colom F. Therapeutic options in treatmentresistant depression. Ann Med. 2011; 43(7): 512-530.
7. Kintscher U. Reuptake inhibitors of dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2012; 209: 339-347.
8. Catena-Dell'Osso M, Marazziti D, Rotella F, Bellantuono C. Emerging targets for the pharmacological treatment of depression: focus on melatonergic system. Curr Med Chem. 2012; 19(3): 428-437.
9. Paschos KA, Veletza S, Chatzaki E. Neuropeptide and sigma receptors as novel therapeutic targets for the pharmacotherapy of depression. CNS Drugs. 2009; 23(9): 755-772.
10. Marazziti D, Catena Dell'Osso M, Consoli G, Baroni S. Second messenger modulation: a novel target of future antidepressants? Curr Med Chem. 2009; 16(35): 4679-4690.
11. Catena-Dell'Osso M, Bellantuono C, Consoli G, et al. Inflammatory and neurodegenerative pathways in depression: a new avenue for antidepressant development? Curr Med Chem. 2011; 18(2): 245-255.
12. Marazziti D, Catena-Dell'Osso M. The role of oxytocin in neuropsychiatric disorders. Curr Med Chem. 2008; 15(7): 698-704.
13. Coyle JT, Leski ML, Morrison JH. The diverse roles of L-glutamic acid in brain signal transduction. In: Davis KL, Charney D, Coyle JT, Nemeroff C, eds. Neuropsychopharmacology: The Fifth Generation of Progress. Nashville, TN: American College of Neuropsychopharmacology/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2002: 71-90.
14. Zarate CA, Machado-Vieira R, Henter I, et al. Glutamatergic modulators: the future of treating mood disorders? Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2010; 18(5): 293-303.
15. Preskorn SH, Baker B, Kolluri S, et al. An innovative design to establish proof of concept of the antidepressant effects of the NR2B subunit selective N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, CP-101,606, in patients with treatment-refractory major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008; 28(6): 631-637.
16. Machado-Vieira R, Manji HK, Zarate CA. The role of the tripartite glutamatergic synapse in the pathophysiology and therapeutics of mood disorders. Neuroscientist. 2009; 15(5): 525-539.
17. Manev H, Favaron M, Guidotti A, Costa E. Delayed increase of Ca21 influx elicited by glutamate: role in neuronal death. Mol Pharmacol. 1989; 36(1): 106-112.
18. Markowitz AJ, White MG, Kolson DL, Jordan-Sciutto KL. Cellular interplay between neurons and glia: toward a comprehensive mechanism for excitotoxic neuronal loss in neurodegeneration. Cellscience. 2007; 4(1): 111-146.
19. Dubinsky JM. Intracellular calcium levels during the period of delayed excitotoxicity. J Neurosci. 1993; 13(2): 623-631.
20. Hardingham GE, Bading H. The yin and yang of NMDA receptor signalling. Trends Neurosci. 2003; 26(2): 81-89.
21. Vanhoutte P, Bading H. Opposing roles of synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDA receptors in neuronal calcium signalling and BDNF gene regulation. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2003; 13(3): 366-371.
22. Javitt DC, Zukin SR. The role of excitatory amino acids in neuropsychiatric illness. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1990; 2(1): 44-52.
23. Machado-Vieira R, Salvadore G, Ibrahim I, Diaz-Granados N, Zarate CA. Targeting glutamatergic signaling for the development of novel therapeutics for mood disorders. Curr Pharm Des. 2009; 15(14): 1595-1611.
24. Kim JS, Schmid-Burgk W, Claus D, Kornhuber HH. Increased serum glutamate in depressed patients. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr. 1982; 232(4): 299-304.
25. Altamura CA, Mauri MC, Ferrara A, et al. Plasma and platelet excitatory amino acids in psychiatric disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 1993; 150(11): 1731-1733.
26. Mauri MC, Ferrara A, Boscati L, et al. Plasma and platelet amino acid concentrations in patients affected by major depression and under fluvoxamine treatment. Neuropsychobiology. 1998; 37(3): 124-129.
27. Levine J, Panchalingam K, Rapoport A, et al. Increased cerebrospinal fluid glutamine levels in depressed patients. Biol Psychiatry. 2000; 47(7): 586-593.
28. Mitani H, Shirayama Y, Yamada T, et al. Correlation between plasma levels of glutamate, alanine and serine with severity of depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2006; 30(6): 1155-1158.
29. Frye MA, Tsai GE, Huggins T, Coyle JT, Post RM. Low cerebrospinal fluid glutamate and glycine in refractory affective disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2007; 61(2): 162-166.
30. Francis PT, Poynton A, Lowe SL, et al. Brain amino acid concentrations and Ca21-dependent release in intractable depression assessed antemortem. Brain Res. 1989; 494(2): 315-324.
31. Maes M, Verkerk R, Vandoolaeghe E, Lin A, Scharpe S. Serum levels of excitatory amino acids, serine, glycine, histidine, threonine, taurine, alanine and arginine in treatment-resistant depression: modulation by treatment with antidepressants and prediction of clinical responsivity. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1998; 97(4): 302-308.
32. Sanacora G, Gueorguieva R, Epperson CN, et al. Subtype-specific alterations of gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate in patients with major depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004; 61(7): 705-713.
33. Auer DP, Putz B, Kraft E, et al. Reduced glutamate in the anterior cingulate cortex in depression: an in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Biol Psychiatry. 2000; 47(4): 305-313.
34. Mirza Y, Tang J, Russell A, et al. Reduced anterior cingulate cortex glutamatergic concentrations in childhood major depression. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004; 43(3): 341-348.
35. Hasler G, van der Veen JW, Tumonis T, et al. Reduced prefrontal glutamate/glutamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in major depression determined using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007; 64(2): 193-200.
36. Zarate CA Jr, Du J, Quiroz J, et al. Regulation of cellular plasticity cascades in the pathophysiology and treatment of mood disorders: role of the glutamatergic system. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003; 1003: 273-291.
37. Scarr E, Pavey G, Sundram S, MacKinnon A, Dean B. Decreased hippocampal NMDA, but not kainate or AMPA receptors in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2003; 5(4): 257-264.
38. Hashimoto K, Sawa A, Iyo M. Increased levels of glutamate in brains from patients with mood disorders. Biol Psychiatry. 2007; 62(11): 1310-1316.
39. Beneyto M, Meador-Woodruff JH. Lamina-specific abnormalities of AMPA receptor trafficking and signaling molecule transcripts in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. Synapse. 2006; 60(8): 585-598.
40. Nowak G, Ordway GA, Paul IA. Alterations in the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor complex in the frontal cortex of suicide victims. Brain Res. 1995; 675(1-2): 157-164.
41. Nudmamud-Thanoi S, Reynolds GP. The NR1 subunit of the glutamate/NMDA receptor in the superior temporal cortex in schizophrenia and affective disorders. Neurosci Lett. 2004; 372(1-2): 173-177.
42. McCullumsmith RE, Kristiansen LV, Beneyto M, et al. Decreased NR1, NR2A, and SAP102 transcript expression in the hippocampus in bipolar disorder. Brain Res. 2007; 1127(1): 108-118.
43. Boyce-Rustay JM, Holmes A. Genetic inactivation of the NMDA receptor NR2A subunit has anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects in mice. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2006; 31(11): 2405-2414.
44. Sanacora G, Zarate CA, Krystal JH, Manji HK. Targeting the glutamatergic system to develop novel, improved therapeutics for mood disorders. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2008; 7(5): 426-437.
45. Choudary PV, Molnar M, Evans SJ, et al. Altered cortical glutamatergic and GABAergic signal transmission with glial involvement in depression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005; 102(43): 15653-15658.
46. Valentine GW, Sanacora G. Targeting glial physiology and glutamate cycling in the treatment of depression. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009; 78(5): 431-439.
47. McCullumsmith RE, Meador-Woodruff JH. Striatal excitatory amino acid transporter transcript expression in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2002; 26(3): 368-375.
48. Rajkowska G, Miguel-Hidalgo JJ. Gliogenesis and glial pathology in depression. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2007; 6(3): 219-233.
49. Soriano FX, Hardingham GE. Compartmentalized NMDA receptor signalling to survival and death. J Physiol. 2007; 584(2): 381-387.
50. Hardingham GE. Pro-survival signalling from the NMDA receptor. Biochem Soc Trans. 2006; 34(5): 936-938.
51. Paul IA, Skolnick P. Glutamate and depression: clinical and preclinical studies. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003; 1003: 250-272.
52. Owen RT. Glutamatergic approaches in major depressive disorder: focus on ketamine, memantine and riluzole. Drugs Today (Barc). 2012; 48(7): 469-478.
53. Olney JW, Labruyere J, Price MT. Pathological changes induced in cerebrocortical neurons by phencyclidine and related drugs. Science. 1989; 244(4910): 1360-1362.
54. Re'us GZ, Abelaira HM, Stringari RB, et al. Memantine treatment reverses anhedonia, normalizes corticosterone levels and increases BDNF levels in the prefrontal cortex induced by chronic mild stress in rats. Metab Brain Dis. 2012; 27(2): 175-182.
55. Re'us GZ, Stringari RB, Kirsch TR, et al. Neurochemical and behavioural effects of acute and chronic memantine administration in rats: further support for NMDA as a new pharmacological target for the treatment of depression? Brain Res Bull. 2010; 81(6): 585-589.
56. Garcia LS, Comim CM, Valvassori SS, et al. Ketamine treatment reverses behavioral and physiological alterations induced by chronic mild stress in rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2009; 33(3): 450-455.
57. Garcia LS, Comim CM, Valvassori SS, et al. Acute administration of ketamine induces antidepressant-like effects in the forced swimming test and increases BDNF levels in the rat hippocampus. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2008; 32(1): 140-144.
58. Re'us GZ, Stringari RB, Ribeiro KF, et al. Ketamine plus imipramine treatment induces antidepressant-like behavior and increases CREB and BDNF protein levels and PKA and PKC phosphorylation in rat brain. Behav Brain Res. 2011; 221(1): 166-171.
59. Monteggia LM, Gideons E, Kavalali ET. The role of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase in rapid antidepressant action of ketamine. Biol Psychiatry. In press. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.09.006.
60. Palucha A, Tatarczynska E, Branski P, et al. Group III mGlu receptor agonists produce anxiolytic-and antidepressant-like effects after central administration in rats. Neuropharmacology. 2004; 46(2): 151-159.
61. Li X, Need AB, Baez M, Witkin JM. Metabotropic glutamate 5 receptor antagonism is associated with antidepressant-like effects in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006; 319(1): 254-259.
62. Yoshimizu T, Shimazaki T, Ito A, Chaki S. An mGluR2/3 antagonist, MGS0039, exerts antidepressant and anxiolytic effects in behavioral models in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2006; 186(4): 587-593.
63. Yoshimizu T, Chaki S. Increased cell proliferation in the adult mouse hippocampus following chronic administration of group II metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist, MGS0039. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004; 315(2): 493-496.
64. Chaki S, Yoshikawa T, Hirota S, et al. MGS0039: a potent and selective group II metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist with antidepressant-like activity. Neuropharmacology. 2004; 46(4): 457-467.
65. Koike H, Fukumoto K, Iijima M, Chaki S. Role of BDNF/TrkB signaling in antidepressant-like effects of a group II metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist in animal models of depression. Behav Brain Res. 2013; 238: 48-52.
66. Black MD. Therapeutic potential of positive AMPA modulators and their relationship to AMPA receptor subunits: a review of preclinical data. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2005; 179(1): 154-163.
67. Bleakman D, Lodge D. Neuropharmacology of AMPA and kainate receptors. Neuropharmacology. 1998; 37: 1187-1204.
68. Zarate CA, Singh JB, Manji HK. Cellular plasticity cascades: targets for the development of novel therapeutics for bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2006; 59(11): 1006-1020.
69. Berman RM, Cappiello A, Anand A, et al. Antidepressant effects of ketamine in depressed patients. Biol Psychiatry. 2000; 47(4): 351-354.
70. Zarate CA, Singh JB, Carlson PJ, et al. A randomized trial of an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist in treatment-resistant major depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006; 63(8): 856-864.
71. aan het Rot M, Collins KA, Murrough JW, et al. Safety and efficacy of repeated-dose intravenous ketamine for treatment-resistant depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2010; 67(2): 139-145.
72. Diazgranados N, Ibrahim L, Brutsche NE, et al. A randomized add-on trial of an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist in treatment-resistant bipolar depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010; 67(8): 793-802.
73. Zarate CA Jr, Brutsche NE, Ibrahim L, et al. Replication of ketamine's antidepressant efficacy in bipolar depression: a randomized controlled add-on trial. Biol Psychiatry. 2012; 71(11): 939-946.
74. Rybakowski JK, Permoda-Osip A, Skibinska M, Adamski R, Bartkowska-Sniatkowska A. Single ketamine infusion in bipolar depression resistant to antidepressants: are neurotrophins involved? Hum Psychopharmacol. In press. DOI: 10.1002/hup.2271.
75. Cusin C, Hilton GQ, Nierenberg AA, Fava M. Long-term maintenance with intramuscular ketamine for treatment-resistant bipolar II depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2012; 169(8): 868-869.
76. DiazGranados N, Ibrahim LA, Brutsche NE, et al. Rapid resolution of suicidal ideation after a single infusion of an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist in patients with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2010; 71(12): 1605-1611.
77. Okamoto N, Nakai T, Sakamoto K, et al. Rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine anesthesia during electroconvulsive therapy of treatment-resistant depression: comparing ketamine and propofol anesthesia. JECT. 2010; 26(3): 223-227.
78. Wang X, Chen Y, Zhou X, et al. Effects of propofol and ketamine as combined anesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depressive disorder. JECT. 2012; 28(2): 128-132.
79. DuncanWC Jr, Selter J, Brutsche N, Sarasso S, Zarate CA Jr. Baseline delta sleep ratio predicts acute ketamine mood response in major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord. In press. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.05.042.
80. Zarate CA, Singh JB, Quiroz JA, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of memantine in the treatment of major depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2006; 163(1): 153-155.
81. Zarate CA, Payne JL, Quiroz J, et al. An open-label trial of riluzole in patients with treatment-resistant major depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2004; 161(1): 171-174.
82. Sanacora G, Kendell SF, Levin Y, et al. Preliminary evidence of riluzole efficacy in antidepressant-treated patients with residual depressive symptoms. Biol Psychiatry. 2007; 61(6): 822-825.
83. Zarate CA, Payne JL, Singh J, et al. Pramipexole for bipolar II depression: a placebo-controlled proof of concept study. Biol Psychiatry. 2004; 56(1): 54-60.
84. Zarate CA, Quiroz JA, Singh JB, et al. An open-label trial of the glutamate-modulating agent riluzole in combination with lithium for the treatment of bipolar depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2005; 57(4): 430-432.
85. Mathew SJ, Murrough JW, aan het Rot M, Collins KA, Reich DL, Charney DS. Riluzole for relapse prevention following intravenous ketamine in treatment-resistant depression: a pilot randomized, placebo-controlled continuation trial. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2010; 13(1): 71-82.
86. Duman RS, Aghajanian GK. Synaptic dysfunction in depression: potential therapeutic targets. Science. 2012; 338(6103): 68-72.
87. Liebrenz M, Stohler R, Borgeat A. Repeated intravenous ketamine therapy in a patient with treatment-resistant major depression. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2009; 10(4 pt 2): 640-643.
88. Messer M, Haller IV, Larson P, Pattison-Crisostomo J, Gessert CE. The use of a series of ketamine infusions in two patients with treatment-resistant depression. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2010; 22(4): 442-444.
89. Zarate CA, Charney DS, Manji HK. Searching for rational anti-N-methyl-D-asparte treatment for depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007; 64(9): 1100-1101.
90. Maeng S, Zarate CA, Du J, et al. Cellular mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of ketamine: role of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5- methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptors. Biol Psychiatry. 2007; 63(4): 349-352.
91. Ibrahim L, Diazgranados N, Luckenbaugh DA, et al. Rapid decrease in depressive symptoms with an N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist in ECT-resistant major depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2011; 35(4): 1155-1159.