Correlation between total blood lead values and peripheral blood counts in workers occupationally exposed to urban stressors

Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering

Volumn 48, Issue 12, 2013, Pages 1457-1469

  Caciari, Tiziana ^a   Casale, Teodorico ^a   Ciarrocca, Manuela ^a   Capozzella, Assunta ^a   Gioffrè, Pier Agostino ^a   Corbosiero, Paola ^a   Tomei, Gianfranco ^a   Scala, Barbara ^a   Andreozzi, Giorgia ^a   Nardone, Nadia ^a   Tomei, Francesco ^a   Rosati, Maria Valeria ^a  

^a SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

Author keywords

biological monitoring; blood cells; Environmental health; outdoor workers; urban air lead

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MONITORING; BLOOD CELLS; ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; OUTDOOR WORKERS; URBAN AIR;

LAW ENFORCEMENT; LEAD;

BLOOD;

LEAD;

ADULT; AIR SAMPLING; ANAMNESIS; ARTICLE; BLOOD CELL COUNT; BLOOD SAMPLING; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS; FEMALE; HEALTH PROMOTION; HEMATOCRIT; HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM; HUMAN; LEAD BLOOD LEVEL; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEMOGLOBIN; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; QUESTIONNAIRE; RETICULOCYTE; SEXUAL BEHAVIOR; SMOKING HABIT; URBAN AREA; WORKPLACE;

ADULT; AIR POLLUTANTS; BLOOD CELL COUNT; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FEMALE; HUMANS; ITALY; LEAD; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; POLICE;

EID: 84880245857     PISSN: 10934529     EISSN: 15324117     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2013.796769     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. Choi, J.W.; Kim, S.K. Relationships of lead, copper, zinc, and cadmium levels versus hematopoiesis and iron parameters in healthy adolescents. Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci. 2005, 35, 428-434.
2. Ciarrocca, M.; Tomei, G.; Fiaschetti, M.; Caciari, T.; Cetica, C.; Andreozzi, G.; Capozzella, A.; Schifano, M.P.; Andre, J.C.; Tomei, F.; Sancini, A. Assessment of occupational exposure to benzene, toluene and xylenes in urban and rural female workers. Chemosphere 2012, 87, 813-819.
3. Ciarrocca, M.; Tomei, F.; Caciari, T.; Capozzella, A.; Scimitto, L.; Nardone, N.; Andreozzi, G.; Scala, B.; Fischetti,M.; Cetica, C.; Di Giorgio, V.; Schifano, M.P.; Tomei, G.; Sancini, A. Environmental and biological monitoring of benzene in traffic policemen, police drivers and rural outdoor male workers. J. Environ. Monit. 2012, 14, 1542-1550.
4. Dominici, F.; Peng, R.D.; Bell, M.L.; Pham, L.; McDermott, A.; Zeger, S.L.; Samet, J.M. Fine particulate air pollution and hospital admission for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. JAMA2006, 295, 1127-1134.
5. Park, S.K.; Schwartz, J.;Weisskopf,M.; Sparrow,D.; Vokonas, P.S.; Wright, R.O.; Coull, B.; Nie, H.; Hu, H. Low-level lead exposure, metabolic syndrome, and heart rate variability: the VA Normative Aging Study. Environ. Health Perspect. 2006, 114, 1718-1724.
6. Sancini, A.; Tomei, F.; Schifano, M.P.; Di Giorgio, V.; Caciari, T.; Fiaschetti, M.; Scimitto, L.; Cetica, C.; Fioravanti, M.; Tomei, G. Stress characteristics in different work conditions: is it possible to identify specificity of risk factors by the questionnaire method? Euro. J. Inflamm. 2010, 8, 117-123.
7. Sancini, A.; Caciari, T.; Fioravanti, M.; Tria, M.; Scimitto, L.; Fiaschetti, M.; Schifano,M.P.; Palermo, P.; Tomei,G.; Andreozzi, G.; Casale, T.; Tomei, F. Meta-analisi: efficacia degli interventi preventivi negli infortuni in agricoltura. G. Ital. Med. Lav. Erg. 2010, 32, 25-30.
8. Sancini, A.; Caciari, T.; Di Pastena, C.; Sinibaldi, F.; Scala, B.; Fiaschetti, M.; De Sio, S.; Maurizi, D.; Nardone, N.; Scimitto, L.; Miracco, P.; Casale, T.; Giubilati, R.; Pimpinella, B.; Tomei, F.; Tomei, G.; Ciarrocca, M. Meta-analysis:cardiovascular effects in workers occupationally exposed to urban pollution. Prevent. Res. 2011, 1, 87-100.
9. Sancini, A.; Ciarrocca, M.; Capozzella, A.; Corbosiero, P.; Fiaschetti, M.; Caciari, T.; Cetica, C.; Scimitto, L.; Ponticiello, B.G.; Tasciotti, Z.; Schifano, M.P.; Andreozzi, G.; Tomei, F.; Tomei, G. Shift work and night work and mental health. G. Ital. Med. Lav. Erg. 2012, 34, 76-84.
10. Sancini, A.; Tomei, F.; Tomei,G.; Caciari, T.; Di Giorgio, V.; Andre, J.C.; Palermo, P.; Andreozzi, G.; Nardone, N.; Schifano, M.P.; Fiaschetti, M.; Cetica, C.; Ciarrocca, M. Urban pollution. G. Ital. Med. Lav. Erg. 2012, 34, 187-196.
11. Theophanides, M.; Anastassopoulou, J.; Vasilakos, C.;Maggos, T.; Theophanides, T. Mortality and pollution in several Greek cities. J. Environ. Sci. Health Pt. A 2007, 42, 741-746.
12. Tomei, G.; Ciarrocca, M.; Scimitto, L.; Di Pastena, C.; Fiaschetti, M.; Cetica, C.; Federici, F.; Capozzella, A.; Schifano, M.P.; Caciari, T.; Tomei, F.; Sancini, A. Mental health and women's work: Is balance possible? Minerva Psichiatr. 2012, 53, 79-89.
13. Tomei,G.; Casale, T.; Sancini,A.; De Sio, S.; Pimpinella, B.; Di Pastena, C.; Rinaldi, G.; Corbosiero, P.; Pacchiarotti, A.; Sinibaldi, F.; Loreti, B.; Sacco, C.; Suppi, A.; Rosati,M.V.; Cappelli, L.; Caciari, T. Perche e come smettere di fumare. Prevent. Res. 2012, 38.
14. Gupta, A.K.; Nag, S.; Mukhopadhyay, U.K. Measurements of inhalable particles<10 microm (PM(10)) and total suspended particulates (TSP) concentrations along the north-south corridor, in Kolkata, India. J. Environ Sci. Health Pt. A 2006, 41, 431-445.
15. World Health Organization. Air quality guidelines for Europe, 2nd ed. WHO Regional Publications, European Series, No. 91. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe: Copenhagen, 2000.
16. Mortada,W.I.; Sobh, M.A.;El-Defrawy, M.M.;Farahat, S.E. Study of lead exposure from automobile exhaust as a risk for nephrotoxicity among traffic policemen. Am. J. Nephrol. 2001, 21, 274-279.
17. Lim, S.R.; Lam, C.W.; Schoenung, J.M. Priority screening of toxic chemicals and industry sectors in the U.S. toxics release inventory: A comparison of the life cycle impact-based and risk-based assessment tools developed by U.S. EPA. J. Environ. Manage. 2011, 92, 2235-2240.
18. Zhang, X.; Yang, L.; Li, Y.; Li, H.; Wang, W.; Ye, B. Impacts of lead/zinc mining and smelting on the environment and human health in China. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2012, 184, 2261-2273.
19. Institute for Protection and Environmental Research (ISPRA). Inventario nazionale delle emissioni in atmosfera. http://www.isprambiente.gov.it/site/it- IT/ (accessed Sep 2012), 2006.
20. Koyashiki, G.A.; Paoliello, M.M.; Tchounwou, P.B. Lead levels in human milk and children's health risk: a systematic review. Rev. Environ. Health 2010, 25, 243-253.
21. Mor, F.; Ceylan, S. Cadmium and lead contamination in vegetables collected from industrial, traffic and rural areas in Bursa Province, Turkey. Food Addit. Contam. Pt. A Chem. Anal. Control. Expo. Risk. Assess. 2008, 25, 611-615.
22. Tam,Y.S.; Elefsiniotis, P. Corrosion control inwater supply systems: effect of pH, alkalinity, and orthophosphate on lead and copper leaching from brass plumbing. J. Environ. Sci. Health Pt. A 2009, 44, 1251-1260.
23. Massadeh, A.M.; Alali, F.Q.; Jaradat, Q.M. Determination of cadmium and lead in different cigarette brands in Jordan. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2005, 104, 163-170.
24. Takeuchi, C.Y.; Corr̂ea-Afonso, A.M.; Pedrazzi, H.; Dinelli, W.; Palma-Dibb, RG. Deposition of lead and cadmium released by cigarette smoke in dental structures and resin composite. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2010, 74, 287-291.
25. Adonaylo, V.N.; Oteiza, P.I. Lead intoxication: Antioxidant defenses and oxidative damage in rat brain. Toxicology 1999, 135, 77-85.
26. Ahamed, M.; Singh, S.; Behari, J.R.; Kumar, A.; Siddiqui, M.K. Interaction of lead with some essential trace metals in the blood of anemic children from Lucknow India. Clin. Chim. Acta 2007, 377, 92-97.
27. Lin, J.L.; Lin-Tan, D.T.; Yu, C.C.; Li, Y.J.; Huang, Y.Y.; Li, K.L. Environmental exposure to lead and progressive diabetic nephropathy in patients with type II diabetes. Kidney Int. 2006, 69, 2049-2056.
28. Araki, S.; Sato, H.; Yokoyama, K.; Murata, K. Subclinical neurophysiological effects of lead, A review on peripheral, central, and autonomic nervous system effects in lead workers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 2000, 37, 193-204.
29. Needleman, H.L.; Bellinger, D. Studies of lead exposure and the developing central nervous system: a reply to Kaufman. Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. 2001, 16, 359-374.
30. Tomei, G.; Tomao, E.; Palermo, P.; Tecchio, F.; Zappasodi, F.; Pasqualetti, P.; Chiovenda, P.; Rosati, M.V.; Panfili, A.; Caciari, T.; Fiaschetti, M.; Cerratti, D.; Sancini, A.; Schifamo, M.P.; Giubilati, R.; De Sio, S.; Casale, T.; Ponticello, B.G.; Maurizi, D.C.; Rocci, M.; Federici, F.; Tomei, F. Effetti sul sistema nervoso centrale in esposti a rumore da inquinamento urbano. G. Ital. Med. Lav. Erg. 2009, 31, 358-359.
31. Kabadayi, F.; Cesur, H. Determination of Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, Cd, and Mn in road dusts of Samsun City. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2010, 168, 241-253.
32. Krommer,V.;Zechmeister,H.G.;Roder, I.; Scharf, S.;Hanus-Illnar, A. Monitoring atmospheric pollutants in the biosphere reserve Wienerwald by a combined approach of biomonitoring methods and technical measurements. Chemosphere 2007, 67, 1956-1966.
33. Morselli, L.; Olivieri, P.; Brusori, B.; Passarini, F. Soluble and insoluble fractions of heavy metals in wet and dry atmospheric depositions in Bologna, Italy. Environ. Pollut. 2003, 124, 457-469.
34. Rivera, M.; Zechmeister, H.; Medina-Ramon, M.; Basagana, X.; Foraster, M.; Bouso, L.; Moreno, T.; Solanas, P.; Ramos, R.; K ollensperger, G.; Deltell, A.; Vizcaya, D.; K unzli, N. Monitoring of heavy metal concentrations in home outdoor air using moss bags. Environ. Pollut. 2011, 159, 954-962.
35. Chen, L.L.; Wang, Q.; Chen, P.P.; Han, L.F.; Li, W.J. Analysis of blood lead level and related factors in preschool children in urban areas of Henan Province. Chin. J. Indust. Med. 2005, 18, 202-204.
36. Garçon, G.; Leleu, B.; Marez, T.; Zerimech, F.; Haguenoer, J.M.; Furon, D.; Shirali, P. Biomonitoring of the adverse effects induced by the chronic exposure to lead and cadmium on kidney function: usefulness of alpha-glutathione S-transferase. Sci. Total Environ. 2007, 377, 165-172.
37. Rodrigues, E.G.;Virji, M.A.;McClean,M.D.;Weinberg, J.;Woskie, S.; Pepper, L.D. Personal exposure, behavior, and work site conditions as determinants of blood lead among bridge painters. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 2010, 7, 80-87.
38. Yantasee, W.; Lin, Y.; Hongsirikarn, K.; Fryxell, G.E.; Addleman, R.; Timchalk, C. Electrochemical sensors for the detection of lead and other toxic heavy metals: the next generation of personal exposure biomonitors. Environ. Health Perspect. 2007, 115, 1683-1690.
39. Zhou, W.; Jiang, Y.; Shi, H.; Liu, J.; Shen, C.; Dai, Q.; Yang, H. An epidemiological survey of blood lead level in tibetan youth 10-18 years old in Songpan, China. Biol. Trace. Elem. Res. 2010, 137, 49-54.
40. Kales, S.N.; Christophi, C.A.; Saper, R.B. Hematopoietic toxicity from lead-containing Ayurvedic medications. Med. Sci. Monit. 2007, 13, 295-298.
41. Agha, F.; Sadaruddin, A.; Khatoon, N. Effect of environmental lead pollution on blood lead levels in traffic police constables in Islamabad, Pakistan. J. Pak. Med. Assoc. 2005, 55, 410-413.
42. Kamal, A.A.; Eldamaty, S.E.; Faris, R. Blood lead level of Cairo traffic policemen. Sci. Total Environ. 1991, 105, 165-170.
43. Arayasiri, M.; Mahidol, C.; Navasumrit, P.; Autrup, H.; Ruchirawat, M. Biomonitoring of benzene and 1,3-butadiene exposure and early biological effects in traffic policemen. Sci. Total Environ. 2010, 408, 4855-4862.
44. Mâitre, A.; Soulat, J.M.; Masclet, P.; Stoklov, M.; Marques, M.; De Gaudemaris, R. Exposure to carcinogenic air pollutants among policemen working close to traffic in an urban area. Scand. J.Work Environ. Health 2002, 28, 402-410.
45. Tomei, F.; Tomao, E.; Papaleo, B.; Baccolo, T.P.; Alfi, P. Study of some cardiovascular parameters after chronic exposure to noise. Int. J. Cardiol. 1991, 33, 393-399.
46. Tomei, G.; Fioravanti, M.; Cerratti, D.; Sancini, A.; Tomao, E.; Rosati, M.V.; Vacca, D.; Palitti, T.; Di Famiani, M.; Giubilati, R.; De Sio, S.; Tomei, F. Occupational exposure to noise and the cardiovascular system: a meta-analysis. Sci. Total Environ. 2010, 408, 681-689.
47. Tomei, F.; Caciari, T.; Tria,M.; Palermo, P.; Schifano, M.P.;De Angelis, A.M.; Ciarrocca,M.; Tasciotti, Z.; Di Giorgio, V.; Fiaschetti, M.; Nardone, N.; Di Famiani, M.; Casale, T.; Cuartas, M.F.; Fantini, S.; Ponticiello, B.G.; Tomei,G.; Sancini,A.Diabete e lavoratori. G. Ital. Med. Lav. Erg. 2010, 32, 333-334.
48. Ciarrocca, M.; Tomei, F.; Caciari, T.; Cetica, C.; Andre, J.C.; Fiaschetti, M.; Schifano, M.P.; Scala, B.; Scimitto, L.; Tomei, G.; Sancini, A. Exposure to arsenic in urban and rural areas and effects on thyroid hormones. Inhal. Toxicol. 2012, 24, 589- 598.
49. Tomei, F.; Rosati, M.V.; Baccolo, T.P.; Bernardini, A.; Ciarrocca, M.; Tomao, E. Plasma concentration of adrenocorticotropic hormone in traffic policemen. J. Occup. Health 2003, 45, 242- 247.
50. Tomei, F.; Rosati, M.V.; Baccolo, T.P.; Morelli, A.; Anzelmo, V.; Ciarrocca, M.; Tomao, E. Occupational exposure to urban pollutants and plasma growth hormone (GH). J. Environ. Sci. Health A 2003, 38, 1017-1024.
51. Tomei, F.; Ciarrocca, M.; Rosati, M.V.; Baccolo, T.P.; Fiore, P.; Perrone, P.; Tomao, E. Occupational exposure to urban pollutants and plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Int. J. Environ. Health Res. 2004, 14, 135-142.
52. Caciari, T.; Capozzella, A.; Tomei, F.; Nieto, H.A.; De Sio, S.; Montuori, L.; Schifano, M.P.; Andreozzi,G.; Fiaschetti,M.; Tomei, G.; Ciarrocca, M. Arsenic and peripheral blood count in workers exposed to urban stressors. Clin. Ter. 2012, 163, 293-302.
53. Caciari, T.; Capozzella, A.; Tomei, F.; Nieto, H.A.; Gioffre, P.A.; Valentini, V.; Scala, B.; Andreozzi, G.; De Sio, S.; Chighine, A.; Tomei, G.; Ciarrocca, M. Professional exposure to ionizing radiations in health workers and white blood cells. Ann. Ig. 2012, 24, 465-474.
54. International Standards Organization (ISO). Road Vehicles-Air Filters for Passenger Compartments-Part 1: Test for Particulate Filtration; International Electrotechnical Commission: Geneva, 2001.
55. SINAnet. Rete del sistema informative nazionale ambientale. Urban Areas Indicators. Available at http://www. areemetropolitane.sinanet.apat.it/OSTlist. php (accessed Sep 2012).
56. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Manual of Analytical Methods NMAM, 4th Ed. Elements ICP: method 7300. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2003- 154/pdfs/7300.pdf (accessed Sep 2012).
57. Campurra, G. Agenti chimici. In Manuale medicina del lavoro; Wolters Kluwer: Italy, 2010; 868-869.
58. Associazione Italiana degli Igenisti Industrali per l'igiene industriale e per l'ambiente (AIDII). Valori limite di soglia. Indici biologici di esposizione. ACGIH 2009. Giornale degli Igienisti Industriali 2009, 34, 1-270.
59. Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT). Bilancio demografico anno 2008 e popolazione residente al 31 Dicembre 2006. 2008. Available at http://demo.istat.it/bil2008/index. html (accessed Sep 2012).
60. Amodio Cocchieri, R.; Arnese, A.; Prospero, E.; Roncioni, A.; Baruffo, L.; Ullucci, R.; Romano, V. Lead in human blood from children living in Campania, Italy. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 1996, 47, 311-320.
61. Gurer-Orhan, H.; Sabir, H.U.; Ozguneş, H. Correlation between clinical indicator of lead poisoning and oxidative stress parameters in controls and lead-exposed workers. Toxicology 2004, 195, 147-154.
62. Jacob, B.;Ritz, B.;Heinrich, J.; Hoelscher, B.;Wichmann, H.E. The effects of low level of blood lead on haematological parameters in children. Environ. Res. 2000, 82, 150-159.
63. Ahamed, M.; Akhtar, M.J.; Verma, S.; Kumar, A.; Siddiqui, M.K. Environmental lead exposure as a risk for childhood aplastic anemia. Biosci. Trends 2011, 5, 38-43.
64. Diouf, A.; Garçon, G.; Thiaw, C.; Diop, Y.; Fall, M.; Ndiaye, B.; Siby, T.; Hannothiaux, M.H.; Zerimech, F.; Ba, D.; Haguenoer, J.M.; Shirali, P. Environmental lead exposure and its relationship to traffic density among Senegalese children: A pilot study. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 2003, 22, 559-564.
65. Williams, G.M.; Iatropoulos, M.J. Alteration of liver cell function and proliferation: differentiation between adaptation and toxicity. Toxicol. Pathol. 2002, 30, 41-53.
66. Erickson, T.; Amed, V.; Leibach, S.J.; Bushnik, P.; Saxon, A.; Hryhorczuk, D.O.; Knopse,W.H. Acute bone marrow toxicity and pancytopenia following exposure to lead chromate, xylene, and ethylbenzene in a degloving injury. Am. J. Hematol. 1994, 47, 257-261.
67. Counter, S.A.; Buchanan, L.H.; Ortega, F.; Rifai, N. Blood lead and hemoglobin levels in Andean children with chronic lead intoxication. Neurotoxicology 2000, 21, 301-308.
68. Bellinger,D.C.; Stiles, K.M.;Needleman, H.L. Low-level lead exposure, intelligence and academic achievement, a long-term follow-up study. Pediatrics 1992, 90, 855-861.
69. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Blood lead levels in young children-United States and selected states, 1996-1999. MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2000, 49(50), 1133-1137.
70. Liberatori, R.; Romeo, R.; Porcelli, B.; Barabesi, L.; Sartorelli, P. Erythropoiesis, erythropoietin and blood lead levels. G. Ital. Med. Lav. Erg. 2011, 33, 37-40.
71. Jain,N.B.; Laden, F.; Guller,U.; Shankar, A.;Kazani, S.;Garshick, E. Relation between blood lead levels and childhood anemia in India. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2005, 161, 968-973.
72. Schwartz, J.; Landrigan, P.J.; Baker, E.L.; Orenstein, W.A.; von Lindern, I.H. Lead-induced anemia: dose-response relationships and evidence for a threshold. Am. J. Publ. Health 1990, 80, 165-168.
73. Calabrese, E.J.; Baldwin, L.A. The frequency of U-shaped dose responses in the toxicological literature. Toxicol. Sci. 2001, 62, 330-338.
74. Chen, T.M.; Gokhale, J.; Shofer, S.; Kuschner, W.G. Outdoor air pollution: nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide health effects. Am. J. Med. Sci. 2007, 333, 249-256.
75. Peng, W.X.; Ledingham, K.W.; Singhal, R.P.; McCanny, T. Urban air pollution monitoring: laser-based procedure for the detection of carbon monoxide gas. Analyst 1998, 123, 1035-1039.
76. Hampson, N.B. Carboxyhemoglobin elevation due to hemolytic anemia. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 2007, 33, 17-19.
77. ARPA Lazio, Regional Agency for the Environmental Protection. Quarto rapporto sulla qualita delle acque superficiali e sotterranee della Provincia diRoma. 2007.Available at http://www.arpalazio.it (accessed Sep 2012).
78. Anderson, K.E.; Fischbein, A.;Kestenbaum, D.; Sassa, S.; Alvares, A.P.; Kappas, A. Plumbism from airborne lead in a firing range. Am. J. Med. 1997, 63, 306-312.
79. Bonanno, J.;Robson,M.G.;Buckley,B.; Modica,M.Lead exposure at a covered outdoor firing range. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2002, 68, 31-323.