Genes, race, and culture in clinical care: Racial profiling in the management of chronic illness

Medical Anthropology Quarterly

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 253-271

  Hunt, Linda M ^a   Truesdell, Nicole D ^b   Kreiner, Meta J ^a  

^a MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b BELOIT COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Health disparities; Primary care; Race and genetics; Racial profiling

Indexed keywords

EID: 84880139863     PISSN: 07455194     EISSN: 15481387     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/maq.12026     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. AAA, American Anthropological, Association 1998 AAA Statement on Race. American Anthropologist 100(3):712-713.
2. Acquaviva, Kimberly D., and Matthew Mintz 2010 Perspective: Are We Teaching Racial Profiling? The Dangers of Subjective Determinations of Race and Ethnicity in Case Presentations. Academic Medicine 85(4):702-705.
3. ADA, American Diabetes, Association 2011a Diabetes Basics: Prediabetes. August 3.
4. ADA, American Diabetes, Association 2011b Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2011. Diabetes Care 34(Supplement 1):S11-S61.
5. Berger, Peter L., and Thomas Luckmann 1990 The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. New York: Anchor.
6. th edition. Lanham, MD: Alta Mira.
7. Bloche, M. Gregg 2006 Race, Money and Medicines. Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 34(3):555-558.
8. Bonham, Vence L., Sherrill L. Sellers, Thomas H. Gallagher, Danielle Frank, Adebola O. Odunlami, Eboni G. Price, and Lisa A. Cooper 2009 Physicians' Attitudes toward Race, Genetics, and Clinical Medicine. Genetics in Medicine 11(4):279-286.
9. Bonham, Vence L., Esther Warshauer-Baker, and Francis S. Collins 2005 Race Ethnicity in the Genome Era. American Psychologist 60(1):9-15.
10. Braun, Lundy 2004 Genetics and Health Disparities: What Is at Stake? In Proceedings of the Workshop on Genetics and Health Disparities. E. Singer and T. Antonucci, eds. Pp. 123-128. Ann Arbor: Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.
11. Brower, Vicki 2002 Is Health Only Skin-Deep? Do Advances in Genomics Mandate Racial Profiling in Medicine? EMBO Rep 3(8):712-714.
12. Chin, Marshall H., and Catherine A. Humikowski 2002 When Is Risk Stratification by Race or Ethnicity Justified in Medical Care? Academic Medicine 77(3):202-208.
13. Chobanian, Aram V., George L. Bakris, Henry R. Black, William C. Cushman, Lee A. Green, Joseph L. Izzo Jr, Daniel W. Jones, Barry J. Materson, Suzanne Oparil, Jackson T. Wright Jr, Edward J. Roccella, and National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee 2003 Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 42(6):1206-1252.
14. Cooper, Richard S., Jay S. Kaufman, and Ryk Ward 2003 Race and Genomics. New England Journal of Medicine 348(12):1166-1170.
15. Dressler, William W., Kathryn S. Oths, and Clarence C. Gravlee 2005 Race and Ethnicity in Public Health Research: Models to Explain Health Disparities. Annual Review of Anthropology 34:231-252.
16. Duster, Troy 2006 Lessons from History: Why Race and Ethnicity Have Played a Major Role in Biomedical Research. Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 34(3):487-496.
17. Ellison, George T. H., Thea De Wet, Carel B. IJsselmuiden, and Linda M. Richter 1997 Segregated Health Statistics Perpetuate Racial Stereotypes. British Medical Journal 314(7092):1485.
18. Ellison, George T. H., and Ian Rees Jones 2002 Social Identities and the "New Genetics": Scientific and Social Consequences. Critical Public Health 12(3):265-282.
19. Ellison, George T. H., Richard Tutton, Simon M. Outram, Paul Martin, Richard Ashcroft, and Andrew Smart 2008 An Interdisciplinary Perspective on the Impact of Genomics on the Meaning of "Race, " and the Future Role of Racial Categories in Biomedical Research. NTM Journal of the History of Science, Technology and Medicine 16: 378-386.
20. Epstein, Steven 2007 Inclusion: The Politics of Difference in Medical Research. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
21. Fujimura, Joan H., and Ramya Rajagopalan 2011 Different Differences: The Use of "Genetic Ancestry" versus Race in Biomedical Human Genetic Research. Social Studies of Science 41(1):5-30.
22. Fullwiley, Duana 2011 The Enculturated Gene: Sickle Cell Health Politics and Biological Difference in West Africa. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
23. Ginsburg, Geoffrey S., and Huntington F. Willard 2009 Genomic and Personalized Medicine: Foundations and Applications. Translation Research 154(6):277-287.
24. Goodman, Alan H. 2000 Why Genes Don't Count (for Racial Differences in Health). American Journal of Public Health 90(11):1699-1702.
25. Gravlee, Clarence C. 2009 How Race Becomes Biology: Embodiment of Social Inequality. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 139(1):47-57.
26. Green, Eric D., Mark S. Guyer, and National Human Genome Research Institute 2011 Charting a Course for Genomic Medicine from Base Pairs to Bedside. Nature 470(7333):204-213.
27. Holden, Constance 2003 Race and Medicine. Science 302(5645):594-596.
28. Hunt, Linda M. 2001 Beyond Cultural Competence: Applying Humility to Clinical Settings. Parkridge Center Bulletin 24(6):3-4.
29. Hunt, Linda M., and Mary S. Megyesi 2008 The Ambiguous Meanings of the Racial/Ethnic Categories Routinely Used in Human Genetics Research. Social Science and Medicine 66(2):349-361.
30. Jorde, Lynn B., and Stephen P. Wooding 2004 Genetic Variation, Classification and "Race." Nature Genetics 36(11 Suppl.):S28-S33.
31. Kahn, Jonathan D. 2009 Beyond Bidil: The Expanding Embrace of Race in Biomedical Research and Product Development. Saint Louis University Journal of Health Law and Policy 3:61-92.
32. Kaufman, Jay S., and Richard S. Cooper 2010 Use of Racial and Ethnic Identity in Medical Evaluations and Treatments. In What's the Use of Race? Modern Governance and the Biology of Difference. I. J. Whitmarsh and David S., eds. Pp. 187-206. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
33. Keita, S. O. Y., and Rick A. Kittles 1997 The Persistence of Racial Thinking and the Myth of Racial Divergence. American Anthropologist 99(3):534-544.
34. Krieger, Nancy 1987 Shades of Difference: Theoretical Underpinnings of the Medical Controversy on Black/White Differences in the United States, 1830-1870. International Journal of Health Services 17(2):259-278.
35. Krieger, Nancy 2005 Stormy Weather: Race, Gene Expression, and the Science of Health Disparities. American Journal of Public Health 95(12):2155-2160.
36. LaVeist, Thomas 2005 Historical Aspects of Race/Ethnicity and Health. In Minority Populations and Health: An Introduction to Health Disparities in the United States. Thomas LaVeist, ed. Pp. 1-12. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
37. Lee, Sandra Soo-Jin 2007 The Ethical Implications of Stratifying by Race in Pharmacogenomics. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 81(1):122-125.
38. Lee, Sandra Soo-Jin, and Ashwin Mudaliar 2009 Medicine. Racing Forward: The Genomics and Personalized Medicine Act. Science 323(5912):342.
39. Lewontin, Richard 1972 The Apportionment of Human Diversity. Evolotionary Biology 6:381-398.
40. Malik, Kenan 1996 The Meaning of Race: Race, History and Culture in Western Society. New York: New York University Press.
41. Montoya, Michael J. 2011 Making the Mexican Diabetic: Race, Science, and the Genetics of Inequality. Berkeley: University of California Press.
42. Nawaz, Hamayun, and Allan S. Brett 2009 Mentioning Race at the Beginning of Clinical Case Presentations: A Survey of US Medical Schools. Medical Education 43(2):146-154.
43. Ncayiyana, Daniel J. 2007 Racial Profiling in Medical Research: What Are We Measuring? South African Medical Journal 97(12):1225-1226.
44. Ostchega, Yechiam, Jeffrey P. Hughes, Jacqueline D. Wright, Margaret A. McDowell, and Tatiana Louis 2008 Are Demographic Characteristics, Health Care Access and Utilization, and Comorbid Conditions Associated with Hypertension among US Adults? American Journal of Hypertension 21(2):159-65.
45. Rattansi, Ali 2007 Racism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
46. Roberts, Dorothy 2011 Fatal Invention: How Science, Politics, and Big Business Re-Create Race in the Twenty-First Century. New York: New Press.
47. Satel, Sally 2002 I Am a Racially Profiling Doctor. New York Times. May 5. http://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/05/magazine/i-am-a-racially-profiling-doctor.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm, accessed May 17, 2013.
48. Schwartz, Robert S. 2001 Racial Profiling in Medical Research. New England Journal of Medicine 344(18):1392-1393.
49. Shields, Alexandra E., David Blumenthal, Kevin B. Weiss, Catherine B. Comstock, Douglas Currivan, and Caryn Lerman 2005a Barriers to Translating Emerging Genetic Research on Smoking into Clinical Practice: Perspectives of Primary Care Physicians. Journal of General Internal Medicine 20(2):131-138.
50. Shields, Alexandra E., Michael Fortun, Evelynn M. Hammonds, Patricia A. King, Caryn Lerman, Rayna Rapp, and Patrick F. Sullivan 2005b The Use of Race Variables in Genetic Studies of Complex Traits and the Goal of Reducing Health Disparities: A Transdisciplinary Perspective. American Psychologist 60(1):77-103.
51. Shim, Janet K. 2005 Constructing Race across the Science-Lay Divide: Racial Formation in the Epidemiology and Experience of Cardiovascular Disease. Social Studies of Science 35(3):405-436.
52. Smedley, Brian D., Adrienne Y. Stith, and Alan R. Nelson 2003 Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: National Academies.
53. Snipes, Shedra. A., Sherrill L. Sellers, Adebola O. Tafawa, Lisa A. Cooper, Julie C. Fields, and Vence L. Bonham 2011 Is Race Medically Relevant? A Qualitative Study of Physicians' Attitudes about the Role of Race in Ttreatment Decision-Making. BMC Health Services Research 11:183.
54. Tutton, Richard, Andrew Smart, Paul A. Martin, Richard Ashcroft, and George T. H. Ellison 2008 Genotyping the Future: Scientists' Expectations about Race/Ethnicity after BiDil. Journal of Law Medicine and Ethics 36(3):464-470.
55. Witzig, Ritchie 1996 The Medicalization of Race: Scientific Legitimization of a Flawed Social Construct. Annals of Internal Medicine 125(8):675-679.
56. Wolf, Andrew M. D., Richard C. Wender, Ruth B. Etzioni, Ian M. Thompson, Anthony V. D'-Amico, Robert J. Volk, Durado D. Brooks, Chiranjeev Dash, Idris Guessous, Kimberly Andrews, Carol De Santis, and Robert A. Smith 2010 American Cancer Society Guideline for the Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: Update 2010. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 60(2):70-98.
57. Wolinsky, Howard 2011 Genomes, Race and Health: Racial Profiling in Medicine Might Just Be a Stepping Stone towards Personalized Health Care. EMBO Reports 12(2):107-109.
58. Yancy, Clyde W. 2008 Race-Based Therapeutics. Current Hypertension Reports 10(4):276-285.