Chain length dependent excited-state decay processes of diluted PF2/6 solutions

Journal of Physical Chemistry B

Volumn 117, Issue 24, 2013, Pages 7370-7380

  Pina, João ^a   Seixas De Melo, J Sérgio ^a   Koenen, Niels ^b   Scherf, Ulli ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COIMBRA   (Portugal)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WUPPERTAL   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACTIVATION ENERGY; CHAIN LENGTH; EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITED STATES; OLIGOMERS; ORGANIC SOLVENTS; RATE CONSTANTS; RELAXATION PROCESSES; VISCOSITY;

CONFORMATIONAL BARRIERS; CONFORMATIONAL RELAXATION; CORRELATION FUNCTION; DEGREES OF POLYMERIZATIONS; DIFFUSION-CONTROLLED PROCESS; EXCITED-STATE DYNAMICS; PICOSECOND TIME DOMAIN; TIME-RESOLVED FLUORESCENCE;

DECAY (ORGANIC);

EID: 84879390659     PISSN: 15206106     EISSN: 15205207     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp4017163     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Schindler, F.; Jacob, J.; Grimsdale, A. C.; Scherf, U.; Müllen, K.; Lupton, J. M.; Feldmann, J. Counting Chromophores in Conjugated Polymers Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2005, 44 (10) 1520-1525
2. Pina, J.; Burrows, H. D.; Seixas de Melo, J. S. Excited State Dynamics in π-Conjugated Polymers. In Specialist Periodic Reports in Photochemistry; Albini, A., Ed.; RSC: Cambridge, U.K., 2011; Vol. 39, pp 30-64.
3. Van Averbeke, B.; Beljonne, D. Conformational Effects on Excitation Transport along Conjugated Polymer Chains J. Phys. Chem. A 2009, 113 (12) 2677-2682
4. Collini, E.; Scholes, G. D. Electronic and Vibrational Coherences in Resonance Energy Transfer along MEH-PPV Chains at Room Temperature J. Phys. Chem. A 2009, 113 (16) 4223-4241
5. Van Averbeke, B.; Beljonne, D.; Hennebicq, E. Energy Transport along Conjugated Polymer Chains: Through-Space or Through-Bond? Adv. Funct. Mater. 2008, 18 (3) 492-498
6. Scheblykin, I. G.; Yartsev, A.; Pullerits, T.; Gulbinas, V.; Sundstrom, V. Excited State and Charge Photogeneration Dynamics in Conjugated Polymers J. Phys. Chem. B 2007, 111 (23) 6303-6321
7. Pauck, T.; Hennig, R.; Perner, M.; Lemmer, U.; Siegner, U.; Mahrt, R. F.; Scherf, U.; Müllen, K.; Bässler, H.; Göbel, E. O. Femtosecond Dynamics of Stimulated-Emission and Photoinduced Absorption in a Ppp-Type Ladder Polymer Chem. Phys. Lett. 1995, 244 (1-2) 171-176
8. Cheng, Y. J.; Yang, S. H.; Hsu, C. S. Synthesis of Conjugated Polymers for Organic Solar Cell Applications Chem. Rev. 2009, 109 (11) 5868-5923
9. Martelo, L.; Jimenez, A.; Valente, A. J. M.; Burrows, H. D.; Marques, A. T.; Forster, M.; Scherf, U.; Peltzer, M.; Fonseca, S. M. Incorporation of Polyfluorenes into Poly(lactic acid) Films for Sensor and Optoelectronics Applications Polym. Int. 2012, 61 (6) 1023-1030
10. Albrecht, S.; Schafer, S.; Lange, I.; Yilmaz, S.; Dumsch, I.; Allard, S.; Scherf, U.; Hertwig, A.; Neher, D. Light Management in PCPDTBT:PC70BM Solar Cells: A Comparison of Standard and Inverted Device Structures Org. Electron. 2012, 13 (4) 615-622
11. Scherf, U.; Tian, H. Organic Electronics/Optics: For an Energetic Life Adv. Mater. 2012, 24 (5) 576-579
12. Friend, R. H. Conjugated Polymers. New Materials for Optoelectronic Devices Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, 73 (3) 425-430
13. Kallinger, C.; Hilmer, M.; Haugeneder, A.; Perner, M.; Spirkl, W.; Lemmer, U.; Feldmann, J.; Scherf, U.; Müllen, K.; Gombert, A.; Wittwer, V. A Flexible Conjugated Polymer Laser Adv. Mater. 1998, 10 (12) 920-923
14. Sirringhaus, H.; Tessler, N.; Friend, R. H. Integrated Optoelectronic Devices Based on Conjugated Polymers Science 1998, 280 (5370) 1741-1744
15. Zalar, P.; Pho, T. V.; Garcia, A.; Walker, B.; Walker, W.; Wudl, F.; Nguyen, T. Q. Optical and Charge Transport Properties of Water/Alcohol-Soluble Quinacridone Derivatives for Application in Polymer Light Emitting Diodes J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115 (35) 17533-17539
16. Beenken, W. J. D. Excitons in Conjugated Polymers: Do We Need a Paradigma Change? Phys. Status Solidi A 2009, 206 (12) 2750-2756
17. Laquai, F.; Park, Y. S.; Kim, J. J.; Basche, T. Excitation Energy Transfer in Organic Materials: From Fundamentals to Optoelectronic Devices Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2009, 30 (14) 1203-1231
18. Hoffmann, S. T.; Bassler, H.; Kohler, A. What Determines Inhomogeneous Broadening of Electronic Transitions in Conjugated Polymers? J. Phys. Chem. B 2010, 114 (51) 17037-17048
19. Pina, J.; Costa, T.; Seixas de Melo, J. S. Dynamics and Photophysics of Oligomers and Polymers. In Specialist Periodic Reports in Photochemistry; Albini, A., Ed.; RSC: Cambridge, U.K., 2010; Vol. 38, pp 69-111.
20. Athanasopoulos, S.; Emelianova, E. V.; Walker, A. B.; Beljonne, D. Exciton Diffusion in Energetically Disordered Organic Materials Phys. Rev. B 2009, 80 (19) 195209/1-195209/7
21. Barford, W.; Trembath, D. Exciton Localization in Polymers with Static Disorder Phys. Rev. B 2009, 80 (16) 165418
22. Zade, S. S.; Zamoshchik, N.; Bendikov, M. From Short Conjugated Oligomers to Conjugated Polymers. Lessons from Studies on Long Conjugated Oligomers Acc. Chem. Res. 2011, 44 (1) 14-24
23. Lupton, J. M.; Pogantsch, A.; Piok, T.; List, E. J. W.; Patil, S.; Scherf, U. Intrinsic Room-Temperature Electrophosphorescence from a Pi-Conjugated Polymer Phys. Rev. Lett. 2002, 89 (16) 167401
24. Westenhoff, S.; Beenken, W. J. D.; Friend, R. H.; Greenham, N. C.; Yartsev, A.; Sundström, V. Anomalous Energy Transfer Dynamics Due to Torsional Relaxation in a Conjugated Polymer Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006, 97 (16) 166804
25. Ferreira, B.; da Silva, P. F.; Seixas de Melo, J. S.; Pina, J.; Maçanita, A. Excited-State Dynamics and Self-Organization of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) in Solution and Thin Films J. Phys. Chem. B 2012, 116 (8) 2347-2355
26. Schwartz, B. J. Conjugated Polymers as Molecular Materials: How Chain Conformation and Film Morphology Influence Energy Transfer and Interchain Interactions Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 2003, 54, 141-172
27. Sartori, S. S.; De Feyter, S.; Hofkens, J.; Van der Auweraer, M.; De Schryver, F.; Brunner, K.; Hofstraat, J. W. Host Matrix Dependence on the Photophysical Properties of Individual Conjugated Polymer Chains Macromolecules 2003, 36 (2) 500-507
28. Mirzov, O.; Bloem, R.; Hania, P. R.; Thomsson, D.; Lin, H. Z.; Scheblykin, I. G. Polarization Portraits of Single Multichromophoric Systems: Visualizing Conformation and Energy Transfer Small 2009, 5 (16) 1877-1888
29. Xie, Y.; Li, Y.; Xiao, L. X.; Qiao, Q. Q.; Dhakal, R.; Zhang, Z. L.; Gong, Q. H.; Galipeau, D.; Yan, X. Z. Femtosecond Time-Resolved Fluorescence Study of P3HT/PCBM Blend Films J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114 (34) 14590-14600
30. Simas, E. R.; Gehlen, M. H.; Pinto, M. F. S.; Siqueira, J.; Misoguti, L. Intrachain Energy Migration to Weak Charge-Transfer State in Polyfluorene End-Capped with Naphthalimide Derivative J. Phys. Chem. A 2010, 114 (47) 12384-12390
31. Schmid, S. A.; Abbel, R.; Schenning, A.; Meijer, E. W.; Herz, L. M. Impact of Nuclear Lattice Relaxation on the Excitation Energy Transfer along a Chain of π-Conjugated Molecules Phys. Rev. B 2010, 81 (8) 085438
32. Grell, M.; Knoll, W.; Lupo, D.; Meisel, A.; Miteva, T.; Neher, D.; Nothofer, H. G.; Scherf, U.; Yasuda, A. Blue Polarized Electroluminescence from a Liquid Crystalline Polyfluorene Adv. Mater. 1999, 11 (8) 671-675
33. Fytas, G.; Nothofer, H. G.; Scherf, U.; Vlassopoulos, D.; Meier, G. Structure and Dynamics of Nondilute Polyfluorene Solutions Macromolecules 2002, 35 (2) 481-488
34. Montalti, M.; Credi, A.; Prodi, L.; Gandolfi, M. T. Handbook of Photochemistry, 3 rd ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 2006.
35. Pina, J.; Seixas de Melo, J.; Burrows, H. D.; Maçanita, A. L.; Galbrecht, F.; Bunnagel, T.; Scherf, U. Alternating Binaphthyl-Thiophene Copolymers: Synthesis, Spectroscopy, and Photophysics and Their Relevance to the Question of Energy Migration versus Conformational Relaxation Macromolecules 2009, 42 (5) 1710-1719
36. Striker, G.; Subramaniam, V.; Seidel, C. A. M.; Volkmer, A. Photochromicity and Fluorescence Lifetimes of Green Fluorescent Protein J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 8612-8617
37. Dias, F. B.; Maçanita, A. L.; Seixas de Melo, J.; Burrows, H. D.; Guntner, R.; Scherf, U.; Monkman, A. P. Picosecond Conformational Relaxation of Singlet Excited Polyfluorene in Solution J. Chem. Phys. 2003, 118 (15) 7119-7126
38. Hintschich, S. I.; Dias, F. B.; Monkman, A. P. Dynamics of Conformational Relaxation in Photoexcited Oligofluorenes and Polyfluorene Phys. Rev. B 2006, 74 (4) 045210
39. Bright, D. W.; Dias, F. B.; Galbrecht, F.; Scherf, U.; Monkman, A. P. The Influence of Alkyl-Chain Length on Beta-Phase Formation in Polyfluorenes Adv. Funct. Mater. 2009, 19 (1) 67-73
40. Teetsov, J.; Fox, M. A. Photophysical Characterization of Dilute Solutions and Ordered Thin Films of Alkyl-Substituted Polyfluorenes J. Mater. Chem. 1999, 9 (9) 2117-2122
41. Anemian, R.; Mulatier, J. C.; Andraud, C.; Stephan, O.; Vial, J. C. Monodisperse Fluorene Oligomers Exhibiting Strong Dipolar Coupling Interactions Chem. Commun. 2002, 15, 1608-1609
42. Wu, P. L.; Xia, P. F.; Li, Z. H.; Feng, X. J.; Tam, H. L.; Li, K. F.; Jiao, Y.; Wong, M. S.; Cheah, K. W. Non-Coplanar 9,9-Diphenyl-Substituted Oligofluorenes with Large Two-Photon Absorption Enhancement Chem. Commun. 2009, 36, 5421-5423
43. Geng, Y. H.; Trajkovska, A.; Katsis, D.; Ou, J. J.; Culligan, S. W.; Chen, S. H. Synthesis, Characterization, and Optical Properties of Monodisperse Chiral Oligofluorenes J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124 (28) 8337-8347
44. Klaerner, G.; Miller, R. D. Polyfluorene Derivatives: Effective Conjugation Lengths from Well-Defined Oligomers Macromolecules 1998, 31 (6) 2007-2009
45. Traiphol, R.; Charoenthai, N.; Manorat, P.; Pattanatornchai, T.; Srikhirin, T.; Kerdcharoen, T.; Osotchan, T. Photophysical Change of Poly(9,9-di(2-ethylhexyl)fluorene) and Its Copolymer with Anthracene in Solvent-Non-Solvent: Roles of Interchain Interactions on the Formation of Non-Emissive and Emissive Aggregates Synth. Met. 2009, 159 (12) 1224-1233
46. Di Paolo, R. E.; Seixas de Melo, J.; Pina, J.; Burrows, H. D.; Morgado, J.; Maçanita, A. L. Conformational Relaxation of p -Phenylenevinylene (PV) Trimers in Solution, Studied by Picosecond Time-Resolved Fluorescence ChemPhysChem 2007, 8, 2657-2664
47. Parkinson, P.; Muller, C.; Stingelin, N.; Johnston, M. B.; Herz, L. M. Role of Ultrafast Torsional Relaxation in the Emission from Polythiophene Aggregates J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2010, 1 (19) 2788-2792
48. Wells, N. P.; Boudouris, B. W.; Hillmyer, M. A.; Blank, D. A. Intramolecular Exciton Relaxation and Migration Dynamics in Poly(3- hexylthiophene) J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111 (42) 15404-15414
49. Jespersen, K. G.; Yartsev, A.; Pascher, T.; Sundstrom, V. Excited State Dynamics in Alternating Polyfluorene Copolymers Synth. Met. 2005, 155 (2) 262-265
50. Maçanita, A. L.; Horta, A.; Pierola, I. F. Photophysics of Siloxanes-Influence of Preformed Dimers and Transition from Low-Temperature to High-Temperature Behavior of Dimeric and Polymeric Methylphenylsiloxane Macromolecules 1994, 27 (4) 958-963
51. Seixas de Melo, J.; Costa, T.; Francisco, A.; Maçanita, A. L.; Gago, S.; Gonçalves, I. S. Dynamics of Short As Compared with Long Poly(acrylic acid) Chains Hydrophobically Modified with Pyrene, As Followed by Fluorescence Techniques Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2007, 9 (11) 1370-1385
52. Santos, F. J. V.; de Castro, C. A. N.; Dymond, J. H.; Dalaouti, N. K.; Assael, M. J.; Nagashima, A. Standard Reference Data for the Viscosity of Toluene J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 2006, 35 (1) 1-8
53. Gardecki, J. A.; Maroncelli, M. Comparison of the Single-Wavelength and Spectral-Reconstruction Methods for Determining the Solvation-Response Function J. Phys. Chem. A 1999, 103 (9) 1187-1197
54. Reynolds, L.; Gardecki, J. A.; Frankland, S. J. V.; Horng, M. L.; Maroncelli, M. Dipole Solvation in Nondipolar Solvents: Experimental Studies of Reorganization Energies and Solvation Dynamics J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100 (24) 10337-10354
55. Horng, M. L.; Gardecki, J. A.; Maroncelli, M. Rotational Dynamics of Coumarin 153: Time-Dependent Friction, Dielectric Friction, and Other Nonhydrodynamic Effects J. Phys. Chem. A 1997, 101 (6) 1030-1047
56. 2S)nCN (n = 1-6) J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 6499-6505
57. Becker, R. S.; Seixas de Melo, J.; Maçanita, A. L.; Elisei, F. Comprehensive Evaluation of the Absorption, Photophysical, Energy Transfer, Structural, and Theoretical Properties of Alpha-Oligothiophenes with One to Seven Rings J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100 (48) 18683-18695
58. Meng, K.; Liu, Y. L.; Feng, W. K.; Zeng, Q.; Zhao, X. J.; Wang, S. F.; Gong, Q. H. Transient Photophysics of Phenothiazine-Thiophene/Furan Copolymers in Solvents J. Photochem. Photobiol., A 2010, 210 (1) 44-47
59. Galvão, A. M.; Di Paolo, R. E.; Maçanita, A. L.; Naqvi, K. R. Model for Conformational Relaxation of Flexible Conjugated Polymers: Application to p -Phenylenevinylene Trimers in Nonpolar Solvents ChemPhysChem 2013, 14 (3) 583-590
60. Maçanita, A. L.; Zachariasse, K. A. Viscosity Dependence of Intramolecular Excimer Formation with 1,5-Bis(1-pyrenylcarboxy)pentane in Alkane Solvents as a Function of Temperature J. Phys. Chem. A 2011, 115 (15) 3183-3195
61. Di Paolo, R. E.; Gigante, B.; Esteves, M. A.; Pires, N.; Santos, C.; Lameiro, M. H.; Seixas de Melo, J.; Burrows, H. D.; Maçanita, A. L. Picosecond Structural Relaxation of Abietic Acid Based Amine End Capped Para-Phenylenevinylene Trimers in Solution ChemPhysChem 2008, 9 (15) 2214-2220
62. Justino, L. L. G.; Ramos, M. L.; Knaapila, M.; Marques, A. T.; Kudla, C. J.; Scherf, U.; Almasy, L.; Schweins, R.; Burrows, H. D.; Monkman, A. P. Gel Formation and Interpolymer Alkyl Chain Interactions with Poly(9,9- dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl) (PFO) in Toluene Solution: Results from NMR, SANS, DFT, and Semiempirical Calculations and Their Implications for PFO beta-Phase Formation Macromolecules 2011, 44 (2) 334-343