Improved electron injection and transport by use of baking soda as a low-cost, air-stable, n-dopant for solution-processed phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes

Applied Physics Letters

Volumn 102, Issue 23, 2013, Pages

  Earmme, Taeshik ^a   Jenekhe, Samson A ^a  

^a University of Washington   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BULK CONDUCTIVITIES; ELECTRON TRANSPORT LAYERS; ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY; ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE; ORGANIC ELECTRONICS; PHOSPHORESCENT ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES; POWER EFFICIENCY; SOLUTION-PROCESSED;

CARBONATES; LIGHT EMISSION; ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (OLED); PHOSPHORESCENCE; SODIUM BICARBONATE;

DOPING (ADDITIVES);

EID: 84879111966     PISSN: 00036951     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.4811087     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. C. W. Tang and S. A. VanSlyke, Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 913 (1987). 10.1063/1.98799
2. C. Adachi, S. Tokito, T. Tsutsui, and S. Saito, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2 27, L269 (1988). 10.1143/JJAP.27.L269
3. M. A. Baldo, D. F. O'Brien, Y. You, A. Shoustikov, S. Sibley, M. E. Thompson, and S. R. Forrest, Nature 395, 151 (1998). 10.1038/25954
4. A. P. Kulkarni, C. J. Tonzola, A. Babel, and S. A. Jenekhe, Chem. Mater. 16, 4556 (2004). 10.1021/cm049473l
5. K. Walzer, B. Maennig, M. Pfeiffer, and K. Leo, Chem. Rev. 107, 1233 (2007). 10.1021/cr050156n
6. J. Kido and T. Matsumoto, Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 2866 (1998). 10.1063/1.122612
7. C. K. Chan, F. Amy, Q. Zhang, S. Barlow, S. Marder, and A. Kahn, Chem. Phys. Lett. 431, 67 (2006). 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.09.034
8. C. J. Bloom, C. M. Elliott, P. G. Schroeder, C. B. France, and B. A. Parkinson, J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 2933 (2003). 10.1021/jp026865b
9. C.-I. Wu, C.-T. Lin, Y.-H. Chen, M.-H. Chen, Y.-J. Lu, and C.-C. Wu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 152104 (2006). 10.1063/1.2192982
10. Y. Cai, H. X. Wei, J. Li, Q. Y. Bao, X. Zhao, S. T. Lee, Y. Q. Li, and J. X. Tang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 113304 (2011). 10.1063/1.3567526
11. Y. Vaynzof, D. Kabra, L. L. Chua, and R. H. Friend, Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 113306 (2011). 10.1063/1.3564903
12. P.-C. Kao, J.-H. Lin, J.-Y. Wang, C.-H. Yang, and S.-H. Chen, J. Appl. Phys. 109, 094505 (2011). 10.1063/1.3585767
13. K. R. Choudhury, J.-H. Yoon, and F. So, Adv. Mater. 20, 1456 (2008). 10.1002/adma.200701657
14. K. S. Yook, S. O. Jeon, S.-Y. Min, J. Y. Lee, H.-J. Yang, T. Noh, S.-K. Kang, and T.-W. Lee, Adv. Funct. Mater. 20, 1797 (2010). 10.1002/adfm.201000137
15. K. S. Yook, S. O. Jeon, C. W. Joo, J. Y. Lee, T.-W. Lee, T. Noh, H.-J. Yang, and S.-K. Kang, Synth. Met. 159, 1664 (2009). 10.1016/j.synthmet.2009.05. 006
16. J. H. Wemken, R. Krause, T. Mikolajick, and G. Schmid, J. Appl. Phys. 111, 074502 (2012). 10.1063/1.3699008
17. C. Diez, T. C. G. Reusch, E. Lang, T. Dobbertin, and W. Brutting, J. Appl. Phys. 111, 103107 (2012). 10.1063/1.4720064
18. S. Scholz, B. Lussem, and K. Leo, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 183309 (2009). 10.1063/1.3257380
19. G. He, M. Pfeiffer, K. Leo, M. Hofmann, J. Birnstock, R. Pudzich, and J. Salbeck, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3911 (2004). 10.1063/1.1812378
20. D.-S. Leem, J.-H. Lee, J.-J. Kim, and J.-W. Kang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 103304 (2008). 10.1063/1.2979706
21. A. C. Arias, J. D. MacKenzie, I. McCulloch, J. Rivnay, and A. Salleo, Chem. Rev. 110, 3 (2010). 10.1021/cr900150b
22. T. Earmme, E. Ahmed, and S. A. Jenekhe, Adv. Mater. 22, 4744 (2010). 10.1002/adma.201001585
23. E. Ahmed, T. Earmme, and S. A. Jenekhe, Adv. Funct. Mater. 21, 3889 (2011). 10.1002/adfm.201100848
24. T. Earmme and S. A. Jenekhe, J. Mater. Chem. 22, 4660 (2012). 10.1039/c2jm14347j
25. T. Earmme and S. A. Jenekhe, Adv. Funct. Mater. 22, 5126 (2012). 10.1002/adfm.201201366
26. B. A. Gregg, S.-G. Chen, and H. M. Branz, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1707 (2004). 10.1063/1.1668326
27. P. Wei, J. H. Oh, G. Dong, and Z. Bao, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 8852 (2010). 10.1021/ja103173m
28. T. Earmme, E. Ahmed, and S. A. Jenekhe, J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 18448 (2009). 10.1021/jp907913d
29. E. Ahmed, T. Earmme, G. Ren, and S. A. Jenekhe, Chem. Mater. 22, 5786 (2010). 10.1021/cm102147n
30. S.-J. Su, T. Chiba, T. Takeda, and J. Kido, Adv. Mater. 20, 2125 (2008). 10.1002/adma.200701730