How Effective are Cash Transfers at Improving Nutritional Status?

World Development

Volumn 48, Issue , 2013, Pages 133-155

  Manley, James ^a   Gitter, Seth ^a   Slavchevska, Vanya ^b  

^a TOWSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b AMERICAN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cash transfers; Height for age; Multi country; Nutritional status; Social assistance

Indexed keywords

AID FLOW; CHILD HEALTH; HEIGHT; META-ANALYSIS; NUTRITIONAL STATUS;

EID: 84878977556     PISSN: 0305750X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.03.010     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. Ahmed, A. U., et al. (2009). Comparing food and cash transfers to the ultra poor in Bangladesh. Research Monograph 163. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. pp. 1-250.
2. Attanasio, O., Gómez, L., Heredia, P., & Vera-Hernández, M. (2005). The short term impact of a conditional cash subsidy on child health and nutrition in Colombia. Centre for the Evaluation of Development Policies, Report Summary: Familias 03. Washington, DC: The Institute for Fiscal Studies. 15pp.
3. Barrios, F., Galeano, L., & Sánchez, S. (2008). El impacto del programa Tekoporâ de Paraguay en la nutrición, el consumo y la economía local. Documento presentado en el tercer seminario internacional transferencias condicionadas, erradicación del hambre y la desnutrición en tiempos de crisis. [Found during Spanish search].
4. Baulch, B. (2010). The medium-term impact of the primary education stipend in rural Bangladesh. Discussion Paper 00976. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute.
5. Behrman, J., Fernald, L., Gertler, P., Neufeld, L. M., & Parker, S. (2008). Evaluación externa del Programa Oportunidades 2008. A diez años de intervención en zonas rurales (1997-2007). Tomo I: Efectos de Oportunidades en áreas rurales a diez años de intervención. Capítulo 1: Evaluación de los efectos a diez años de Oportunidades en el desarrollo, educación y nutrición en niños entre 7 y 10 años de familias incorporadas desde el inicio del Programa. Mexico City, Mexico: Secretary of Social Development.
6. Duflo E. Grandmothers and granddaughters: Old-age pensions and intrahousehold allocation in South Africa. The World Bank Economic Review 2003, 17(1):1-25.
7. Fernald L., Gertler P., et al. 10-Year effect of Oportunidades, Mexico's conditional cash transfer program, on child growth, cognition, language, and behavior: A longitudinal follow-up study. The Lancet 2009, 374(9706).
8. Fernald L., Gertler P., et al. Role of cash in conditional cash transfer programs for child health, growth, and development: An analysis of Mexico's Oportunidades. The Lancet 2008, 371:828-837.
9. Gitter, S., Manley, J., & Barham, B. (2010). The coffee crisis, early childhood development, and conditional cash transfers. Working Papers. Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank. p. 37.
10. Himaz R. Welfare grants and their impact on child health: The case of Sri Lanka. World Development 2008, 36(10):1843-1857.
11. Hoddinott J., Bassett L. Conditional cash transfer programs and nutrition in Latin America: Assessment of impacts and strategies for improvement 2008, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, p. 1-34.
12. León M., Younger S. Transfer payments, mothers' income and child health in Ecuador. Journal of Development Studies 2007, 43(6):1126-1143.
13. Macours, K., Schady, N., & Vakis, R. (2008). Can conditional cash transfer programs compensate for delays in early childhood development? Working Paper. Johns Hopkins Univ. & the World Bank. 46p.
14. Maluccio, J. (2005). Coping with the "Coffee Crisis" in Central America: The role of the Nicaraguan Red de Protección social. FCND Discussion Paper, No. 188. Washington, DC: IFPRI.
15. Maluccio, J., & Flores, R. (2005). Impact evaluation of a conditional cash transfer program: The Nicaraguan Red de Protección social. Research Report No. 141. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. pp. 1-78.
16. Morris S., et al. Conditional cash transfers are associated with a small reduction in the rate of weight gain of preschool children in Northeast Brazil. Journal of Nutrition 2004, 2004(134):2336-2341.
17. Paxson, C., & Schady, N. (2007). Does money matter? The effects of cash transfers on child health and development in rural Ecuador. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4226, Washington, DC.
18. Perova, E., & Vakis, R. (2009). Welfare impacts of the "JUNTOS" Program in Peru: Evidence from a non-experimental evaluation. World Bank Working Paper. [Spanish version is also available].
19. Sinha, N., & Yoong, J. (2009). Long-term financial incentives and investment in daughters: Evidence from conditional cash transfers in North India. The World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4860, Washington, DC.
20. Vera-Hernández M., Attanasio O., Gómez L., Heredia P., Romero J. Transferencias monetarias condicionadas y nutrición infantil 2010, Departamento Nacional de Planeación, Colombia, [Found during Spanish search].
21. Younger, S., Ponce, J., & Hidalgo, D. (2008). El Impacto de Programas de Transferencias a las Madres de Familia en la Seguridad Alimentaria de los Niños: Un análisis comparado de los casos de México y Ecuador. Unpublished mimeo. [Found during Spanish search].
22. Agüero, J., Carter, M. R., & Woolard, I. (2009). The impact of unconditional cash transfers on nutrition: The South African child support grant. Working Paper. International Poverty Research Center.
23. Attanasio, O., Battistin, E., Fitzsimmons, E., Mesnard, A., & Vera-Hernández, M. (2005). How effective are conditional cash transfers? Evidence from Colombia. Briefing Note No. 54. Washington, DC: The Institute for Fiscal Studies. 10p.
24. Behrman J., Hoddinott J. Program evaluation with unobserved heterogeneity and selective implementation: The Mexican PROGRESA impact on child nutrition. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 2005, 67(4):547-569.
25. Case, A. (2001). Does money protect health status? Evidence from South African pensions. NBER Working Paper 8495, Cambridge, MA. pp. 1-32.
26. Gertler P. Do conditional cash transfers improve child health? Evidence from PROGRESA's controlled randomized experiment. American Economic Review 2004, 94(2):336-341.
27. Leroy J.L., Garcia-Guerra A., et al. The Oportunidades program increases the linear growth of children enrolled at young ages in urban Mexico. Journal of Nutrition 2008, 138(4):793-798.
28. Miller C., Tsoka M., Reichert K. The impacts of the cash transfer on children in Malawi. Social Protection for Africa's Children 2010, New York, NY, Routledge. S. Handa, S. Devereux, D. Webb (Eds.).
29. Rivera J., et al. Impact of the Mexican Program for Education, Health, and Nutrition (PROGRESA) on rates of growth and anemia in infants and young children: A randomized effectiveness study. Journal of the American Medical Association 2004, 291(21):2563-2570.
30. Agüero, J. M., Carter, M. R., et al. (2007). The impact of unconditional cash transfers on nutrition: The South African child support grant. Working Paper. International Poverty Center. p. 30.
31. Attanasio O., Meghir C., et al. Mexico's conditional cash transfer program. Lancet 2010, 375:980.
32. Baird, S., McIntosh, C., & Özler, B. (2009). Designing cost-effective cash transfer programs to boost schooling among young women in Sub-Saharan Africa. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 5090. 44pp. http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/126/4/1709.
33. Baird S., McIntosh C., Özler B. Cash or condition: Evidence from a cash transfer experiment. Quarterly Journal of Economics 2011, 126(4):1709-1753.
34. Balk D., Storeygard A., et al. Child hunger in the developing world: An analysis of environmental and social correlates. Food Policy 2005, 30:584-611.
35. Barrientos, A., & Nino-Zarazua, M. (2010). Effects of non-contributory social transfers in developing countries: A compendium. Geneva: International Labor Office. p. 40.
36. Barrientos, A., Niño-Zarazúa, M., & Maitrot, M. (2010). Social assistance in developing countries database. Chronic Poverty Research Centre. Version 5, July. 137 pp. Accessed July 12, 2011. http://www.chronicpoverty.org/publications/details/social-assistance-in-developing-countries-database.
37. Bassett, L. (2008). Can conditional cash transfer programs play a greater role in reducing child undernutrition? World Bank SP Discussion Paper Series. Washington, DC: World Bank. p. 84.
38. Behrmann J., Hoddinott J. Programme evaluation with unobserved heterogeneity and selective implementation: The Mexican PROGRESA impact on child nutrition. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 2005, 67(4):547-569.
39. Black R.E., Allen L.H., et al. Maternal and child undernutrition: Global and regional exposures and health consequences. Lancet 2008, 371(9608):243-260.
40. Borenstein M., Hedges L., Higgins J., Rothstein H. Introduction to meta analysis 2009, J Wiley, Hoboken, NJ.
41. Bouillon, C. P., & Tejerina, L. (2007). Do we know what works? A systematic review of impact evaluations of social programs in Latin America and the Caribbean. Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank. p. 144.
42. Bravata D.M., Olkin I. Simple pooling versus combining in meta-analysis. Evaluation Health Professional 2001, 24:218-230.
43. Duncan G.J., Morris P.A., Rodrigues C. Does money really matter? Estimating effects of family income on young children's achievement with data from random assignment experiments. Developmental Psychology 2011, 47(5):1263-1279.
44. Fiszbein A., Schady N. Conditional cash transfers: Reducing present and future poverty 2009, The World Bank, Washington, DC, p. 361.
45. Fryer, R. G. J. (2010). Financial incentives and student achievement: Evidence from randomized trials. Working Paper, NBER. p. 91.
46. Gaarder M., Glassman A., et al. Conditional cash transfers and health: Unpacking the causal chain. Journal of Development Effectiveness 2010, 2(1):6-50.
47. Glassman, A., Todd, J., et al. (2007). Performance-based incentives for health: Conditional cash transfer programs in Latin America and the Caribbean. CGD Working Paper #120. Washington, DC: Center for Global Development. pp. 1-60.
48. Goncalves-Silva R.M., Valente J.G., et al. Household smoking and stunting for children under five years. Cadernos de Saúde Pública 2005, 21(5):1540-1549.
49. Grantham-McGregor S., Cheung Y.B., et al. Development potential in the first 5years for children in developing countries. Lancet 2007, 369:60-70.
50. Grillenberger M., Neumann C.G., Murphy S.P. Intake of micronutrients high in animal-source foods is associated with better growth in rural Kenyan children. British Journal of Nutrition 2006, 95:379-390.
51. Hanlon J., Barrientos A., et al. Just give money to the poor: The development revolution from the global south 2010, Kumarian Press, Sterling, VA.
52. Higgins J.P.T., Thompson S.G., Deeks J.J., Altman D.G. Measuringinconsistency in meta-analyses. British Medical Journal 2003, 327:557-560.
53. Hoddinott J. Nutrition and conditional cash transfer programs. Conditional cash transfers in Latin America: A magic bullet to reduce poverty? 2010, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. M. Adato, J. Hoddinott (Eds.).
54. Hoddinott J., Kinsey B. Child growth in time of drought. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 2001, 63(4):409-436.
55. Hoddinott J., Skoufias E. The impact of PROGRESA on food consumption. Economic Development and Cultural Change 2004, 53:37-61.
56. Hoddinott J., Skoufias E., et al. The impact of PROGRESA on consumption: A final report 2000, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, pp. 1-86.
57. Janvry A.d., Finan F., et al. Can conditional cash transfers serve as safety nets to keep children at school and out of the labor market?. Journal of Development Economics 2006, 79(2):349-373.
58. Lagarde M., Haines A., et al. Conditional cash transfers for improving uptake of health interventions in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. Journal of American Medical Association 2007, 298(16):1900-1910.
59. Leroy J., Ruel M., Verhofstadt E. The impact of conditional cash transfer programmes on child nutrition: A review of evidence using a programme theory framework. Journal of Development Effectiveness 2009, 1(2):103-129.
60. Macours, K., Schady, N., et al. (2008). Cash transfers, behavioral changes, and cognitive development in early childhood. Impact Evaluation Series No. 25. The World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4759, Washington, DC. pp. 1-50.
61. Maitra, P., Rammohan, A., et al. (2010). Food consumption patterns and malnourished Indian children: Is there a link? Department of Economics Discussion Paper, Monash University. p. 40.
62. Maluccio J. Household targeting in practice: The Nicaraguan Red de Protección social. Journal of International Development 2009, 21(1):1-23.
63. Mann C. Meta-analysis in the breech. Science 1990, 249(4968):476-480.
64. Moher D., Liberati A., Tetzlaff J., Altman D.G. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Medicine 2009, 6(7).
65. Moore, C. (2008). Assessing Honduras' CCT programme PRAF, Programa de Asignación Familiar: Expected and unexpected realities. Country Study, N° 15, Brasilia, Centro Internacional de Políticas para el Crecimiento Inclusivo/Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD), abril.
66. Neufeld L.M., Steta C., Rivera J., Martinez Valle A., Grados R., Uriega S., et al. Evaluation for program decision making: A case study of the Oportunidades program in Mexico. Journal of Nutrition 2011, 141:2076-2083.
67. Ramakrishnan U., Neufeld L.M., Flores R., Rivera J., Martorell R. Multiple micronutrient supplementation during early childhood increases child size at 2y of age only among high compliers. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2009, 89:1125-1131.
68. Rivera J.A., Hotz C., et al. The effect of micronutrient deficiencies on child growth: A review of results from community-based supplementation trials. Journal of Nutrition 2003, 133(11, Suppl. 2):4010S-4020S.
69. Schultz T.P. School subsidies for the poor: Evaluating the Mexican PROGRESA poverty program. Journal of Development Economics 2004, 74(1):52.
70. Shekar M., Heaver R., et al. Repositioning nutrition as central to development: A strategy for large scale action 2006, World Bank, Washington, DC.
71. Skoufias, E., & McClafferty, B. (2001). Is PROGRESA working? A summary of the results of an evaluation by IFPRI. Food Consumption and Nutrition Division Discussion Paper, IFPRI.
72. Strauss J., Thomas D. Health, nutrition, and economic development. Journal of Economic Literature 1998, 36(2):766-817.
73. UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) (2010). Narrowing the gaps to meet the goals. Accessed August 21, 2012. http://www.unicef.org/nutrition/index_55927.html.
74. Victora C.G., Adair L., et al. Maternal and child undernutrition: Consequences for adult health and human capital. Lancet 2008, 371(9609):340-357.
75. Waddington, H., Snilstveit, B., et al. (2009). Water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions to combat childhood diarrhoea in developing countries. 3ie Synthetic Review, August. 119p.
76. Waterlow J.C., Buzina R., et al. The presentation and use of height and weight data for comparing the nutritional status of groups of children under the age of 10 years. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 1977, 55(4):489-498.
77. WHO (World Health Organization) (1995). Physical status: The use and interpretation of anthropometry. WHO Technical Report Series No. 854, Geneva.
78. WHO (World Health Organization) (2006). Infant and young child nutrition: The WHO multicentre growth reference study. Quote is online at: Accessed April 20, 2007. http://www.who.int/childgrowth/faqs/applicable/en/index.html.
79. Yablonski, J., & O'Donnell, M. (2009). Lasting benefits: The role of cash transfers in tackling child mortality. UK: Save the Children. p. 66.