On the response of Southern Hemisphere subpolar gyres to climate change in coupled climate models

Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans

Volumn 118, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 1070-1086

  Wang, Zhaomin ^a  

^a NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE MODELS; GREENHOUSE GASES; OCEAN CURRENTS; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENTS; ANTARCTIC ICE SHELVES; CIRCULATION CHANGES; COUPLED CLIMATE MODEL; COUPLED MODEL INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT; EDDY-DRIVEN CIRCULATION; GREENHOUSE-GAS FORCING; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE;

CLIMATE CHANGE;

ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR WAVE; CLIMATE CHANGE; CLIMATE MODELING; CLIMATE PREDICTION; EDDY; GYRE; MASS BALANCE; SIMULATION; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE; TWENTY FIRST CENTURY; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; WESTERLY; WIND FORCING;

ANTARCTICA;

EID: 84878945274     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699291     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jgrc.20111     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Andrews, D. G., J. Holton, and C. Leovy (1987), Middle Atmosphere Dynamics, 489 pp., Academic Press, New York.
2. Böning, C. W., A. Dispert, M. Visbeck, S. R. Rintoul, and F. U. Schwarzkopf (2008), The response of the Antarctic circumpolar current to recent climate change, Nat. Geosci., 1, 864-869. doi: 10.1038/ngeo362.
3. Beckmann, A., H. H. Hellmer, and R. Timmermann (1999), A numerical model of the Weddell Sea: Large-scale circulation and water mass distribution, J. Geophys. Res., 104(C10), 23,375-23,391.
4. Bindoff, N. L., M. A. Rosenberg, and M. J. Warner (2000), On the circulation of the waters over the Antarctic continental rise and slope between 80 and 150°E, Deep. Sea Res. Part II Top. Stud. Oceanogr., 47, 2299-2326.
5. Bracegirdle, T. J., E. Shuckburgh, J.-B. Sallee, Z. Wang, A. J. S. Meijers, N. Bruneau, T. Phillips, and L. J. Wilcox (2013), Assessment of surface winds over the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Ocean sectors of the Southern Ocean in CMIP5 models: Historical bias, forcing response, and state dependence, J. Geophys. Res., 118. doi:10.1002/jgrd.50,153.
6. Bryan, F. O., C. W. Böning, and W. R. Holland (1995), On the midlatitude circulation in a high-resolution model of the North Atlantic, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 289-305.
7. Bryden, H. L. (1979), Poleward heat flux and conversion of available potential energy in Drake Passage, J. Mar. Res, 37, 1-22.
8. Comiso, J. C., and F. Nishio (2008), Trends in the sea ice cover using enhanced and compatible AMSR-E, SSM/I, and SMMR data, J. Geophys. Res., 113, C02S07. doi:10.1029/2007JC004,257.
9. Cunningham, S. A., S. G. Alderson, B. A. King, andM. A. Brandon (2003), Transport and variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current in Drake Passage, J. Geophys. Res., 108(C5), 8084, doi:10.1029/2001JC001,147.
10. Donohue, K., G. E. Hufford, and M. S. McCartney (1999), Sources and transport of the deep western boundary current east of the Kerguelen Plateau, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 851-854. (Pubitemid 29340936)
11. Eden, C., and R. J. Greatbatch (2008), Towards a mesoscale eddy closure, Ocean Modelling, 20, 223-239, doi: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2007.09.002
12. Eden, C., M. Jochum, and G. Danabasoglu (2009), Effects of different closures for thickness diffusivity, Ocean Modelling, 26, 47-59. doi: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2008.08.004.
13. Eyring, V., et al. (2007), Multimodel projections of stratospheric ozone in the 21st century, J. Geophys. Res., 112 (D16303), doi: 10.1029/2006JD008332, 768-772.
14. Gent, P., and J. C. McWilliams (1990), Isopycnal mixing in ocean circulation models, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 150-155.
15. Gent, P. R., J. Willebrand, T. J. McDougall, and J. C. McWilliams (1995), Parameterizing eddy-induced tracer transports in ocean circulation models, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 463-474.
16. Gill, A. E. (1982), Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics, Academic Press, London, UK.
17. Griffies, S. M. (1998), The GentMcWilliams skew flux, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 831-841.
18. Griffies, S. M., and co authors (2005), Formulation of an ocean model for global climate simulations, Ocean Science, 1, 45-79. doi:10.5194/os-1- 45-2005.
19. Häkkinen, S., and P. B. Rhines (2004), Decline of subpolar North Atlantic circulation during the 1990s, Science, 304, 555-559. doi: 10.1126/science.1094917. (Pubitemid 38541908)
20. Hellmer, H. H., F. Kauker, R. Timmermann, J. Determann, and J. Rae (2012), Twenty-first-century warming of a large Antarctic ice-shelf cavity by a redirected coastal current, Nature, 485, 225-228. doi: 10.1038/nature11,064.
21. Hughes, C. W. (2000), A theoretical reason to expect inviscid western boundary currents in realistic oceans, Ocean Modelling, 2, 73-83.
22. Hughes, C. W., and B. A. de Cuevas (2001), Why western boundary currents in realistic oceans are inviscid: A link between form stress and bottom pressure torques, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 31, 2871-2885. (Pubitemid 33067014)
23. Jacobs, S. S., C. F. Giulivi, and P. A. Mele (2002), Freshening of the Ross Sea During the Late 20th Century, Science, 297(2002), 386-389. doi:10.1126/science.1069574. (Pubitemid 34790765)
24. Killworth, P. D. (1992), An equivalent-barotropic mode in the fine resolution antarctic model, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 1379-1387.
25. Klatt, O., E. Fahrbach, M. Hoppema, and G. Rohardt (2005), The transport of the Weddell Gyre across the Prime Meridian, Deep-Sea Res. II, 52, 513-528. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.12.015. (Pubitemid 40466101)
26. Large, W. G., and S. G. Yeager (2009), The global climatology of an interannually varying air-sea flux dataset, Clim. Dyn., 33(2-3), 341-364. doi: 10.1007/s00,382-008-0441-3.
27. Marshall, G. J. (2003), Trends in the Southern Annular Mode from observations and reanalyses, J. Climate, 16(24), 4134-4143. doi:http://dx.doi. org/10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016〈4134:TITSAM〉2.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 38119570)
28. Marshall, J., and T. Radko (2003), Residual-mean solution for the antarctic circumpolar current and its associated overturning circulation, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 33 (11), 2341-2354., doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520- 0485(2003)033%3C2341:RSFTAC%3E2.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 38184955)
29. McCartney, M. S., and K. A. Donohue (2007), A deep cyclonic gyre in the Australian-Antarctic basin, Prog. Oceanogr., 75, 675-750. doi: 10.1016/j.pocean.2007.02.008. (Pubitemid 350179940)
30. Meijers, A. J. S., E. Shuckburgh, N. Bruneau, J.-B. Sallee, T. J. Bracegirdle, and Z. Wang (2012), Representation of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current in the CMIP5 climate models and future changes under warming scenarios, J. Geophys. Res., 117, C12,008, doi:10.1029/2012JC008, 412.
31. Meredith,M. A. N. G., A. Gordon, and G. Johnson (2008), Evolution of the deep and bottom waters of the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean, 1995-2005, J. Climate, 21(13), 3327-3343. doi:10.1175/2007JCLI2238.1.
32. Olbers, D., D. Borowski, C. Völker, and J.-O.Wölff (2004), The dynamical balance, transport and circulation of the antarctic circumpolar current, Antarct. Sci., 16(4), 439-470., doi:10.1017/S0954102004002251. (Pubitemid 40008768)
33. Orsi, A. H., W. D. Nowlin Jr., and T. Whitworth III (1993), On the circulation and stratification of the Weddell Gyre, Deep-Sea Res. I, 40, 169-203.
34. Parkinson, C. L., K. Y. Vinnikov, and D. J. Cavalieri (2006), Evaluation of the simulation of the annual cycle of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice coverages by 11 major global climate models, J. Geophys. Res., 111, doi: 10.1029/2005JC003,408.
35. Rignot, E., and S. S. Jacobs (2002), Rapid bottom melting widespread near Antarctic ice sheet grounding lines, Science, 296(5575), 2020-2023. doi: 10.1126/science.1070942. (Pubitemid 34627523)
36. Rintoul, S. R., C. W. Hughes, and D. Olbers (2001), The Antarctic Circumpolar Current System, in Ocean Circulation and Climate: Observing and Modelling the Global Ocean, edited by Siedler, G., J. Church, and J. Gould, vol. 77, pp. 271-302, Academic Press, London. (Pubitemid 33343225)
37. Russell, J. L., R. J. Stouffer, and K. W. Dixon (2006), Intercomparison of the Southern Ocean circulations in IPCC coupled model control simulations, J. Climate, 19, 4560-4575. doi:10.1175/JCLI4326.1 (Pubitemid 44541869)
38. Sen Gupta, A., A. Santoso, A. S. Taschetto, C. C. Ummenhofer, J. Trevena, and M. H. England (2009), Projected changes to the Southern Hemisphere ocean and sea ice in the IPCC AR4 climate models, J. Climate, 22, 3047-3078. doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2827.1.
39. Shaffrey, L. C., et al. (2009), U.K. HiGEM: The New U.K. high-resolution global environment model-model description and basic evaluation, J. Climate, 22, 1861-1896. doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2508.1.
40. Son, S. W., et al. (2008), The impact of stratospheric ozone recovery on the southern hemisphere westerly jet, Science, 320, 1486-1489. doi: 10.1126/science.1155939. (Pubitemid 351929426)
41. Summerhayes, C., B. Dickson, M. Meredith, P. Dexter, and K. Alverson (2007), Observing the polar oceans during the International Polar Year and beyond, WMO Bulletin, 56(4), 271-283.
42. Taylor, K., R. Stouffer, and G. Meehl (2012), An overview of CMIP5 and the experiment design, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 93, 485-498. doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00094.1.
43. Thompson, D. W. J., and S. Solomon (2002), Interpretation of recent Southern Hemisphere climate change, Science, 296(5569), 895-899. doi: 10.1126/science.1069270. (Pubitemid 34464892)
44. Visbeck, M., J. Marshall, T. Haine, and M. Spall (1997), Specification of eddy transfer coefficients in coarse-resolution ocean circulation models, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 381-402.
45. Wang, Z., and M. P. Meredith (2008), Density-driven Southern Hemisphere subpolar gyres in coupled climate models, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, doi: 10.1029/2008GL034,344.
46. Wang, Z., T. Kuhlbrodt, and M. P. Meredith (2011), On the response of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport to climate change in coupled climate models, J. Geophys. Res., 116, doi: 10.1029/2010JC006, 757.
47. Wright, D. K. (1997), A new eddy mixing parametrization and ocean general circulation model, International WOCE Newsletter, 26, 27-29.