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Volumn 304, Issue 5670, 2004, Pages 555-559

Decline of Subpolar North Atlantic Circulation during the 1990s

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BUOYANCY; DATA REDUCTION; HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYS; RADIO ALTIMETERS; SATELLITES; SURFACE TREATMENT;

EID: 2142650072     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1094917     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (508)

References (30)
  • 2
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    • R. R. Dickson et al., Nature 416, 832 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature , vol.416 , pp. 832
    • Dickson, R.R.1
  • 13
    • 0037666800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R. S. Pickart et al., Nature 424, 152 (2003).
    • (2003) Nature , vol.424 , pp. 152
    • Pickart, R.S.1
  • 14
    • 0037057704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A. S. Bower et al., Nature 419, 603 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature , vol.419 , pp. 603
    • Bower, A.S.1
  • 18
    • 2142840661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The RAFOS floats (14) highlight meridional pathways at depths ranging from near-surface to 1500 m. White and Heywood (15) argued from early altimeter data that changing winds can shift the site of northward flow, Cuny et al. (16) and Fratantoni (17) compared surface drifter data with satellite altimetry, yet data density was not sufficient to show significant changes between the 1990s and 1980s.
  • 23
    • 2142721954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Mapping the distribution of natural and human-made trace chemicals is an "accurate" way to view the MOC [see, e.g., (22)].
  • 24
    • 2142728296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The "normal" heat flux pattern corresponding to NAO has the Labrador Sea out of phase with the Greenland-Norwegian Sea (29), but the eastward migration of the Icelandic Low has altered this relationship since 1995.
  • 27
    • 2142684143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Wind-driven currents are set up by propagation of topographic Rossby waves along f/h (Coriolis frequency/total depth) contours, eventually approximating a topographic-Sverdrup balance. This produces over a matter of a few weeks a single anticyclonic gyre, or "intergyre," centered at 50°N latitude, at the boundary between subpolar and subtropical gyres. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge dominates this f/h waveguide (25, 26).
  • 28
    • 2142670355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Arctic-SubArctic Flux Program (ASOF) (http://asof.npolar.no) is an observational campaign bridging programs such as SEARCH and CLIVAR.
  • 30
    • 2142783883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Supported by the NASA Physical Oceanography Program (S.H.) and by the NOAA Arctic Research Office, Vetlesen Foundation, and the NSF Office of Polar Programs (P.B.R.). The Office of Naval Research and Bedford Institute of Oceanography supported the current-meter measurements. We thank J. R. N. Lazier, I. Yashayaev, and J. Cuny for help with the subsurface ocean data, and D. Worthen for assistance with graphics.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.