Invisible feminists? Social media and young women's political participation

Political Science

Volumn 65, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 8-24

  Schuster, Julia ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

feminist generations; New Zealand; online activism; third wave feminism; women's movement

Indexed keywords

EID: 84878864170     PISSN: 00323187     EISSN: 20410611     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0032318713486474     Document Type: Article

References (66)

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2. For a literature review, see Christina Scharff, Repudiating Feminism: Young Women in a Neoliberal World (Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2012).
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18. Yannis Theocharis, 'Cuts, Tweets, Solidarity and Mobilisation: How the Internet Shaped the Student Occupations', Parliamentary Affairs, Vol. 65, No. 1 (2012), p. 167.
19. Livingstone et al., 'Active Participation or Just More Information?', pp. 287-314
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21. Holt et al., 'Age and the Effect of News Media Attention and Social Media Use in Political Interest and Participation', pp. 19-34.
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27. Catherine Harnois, 'Re-presenting Feminisms: Past, Present, Future', National Women's Studies Association Journal, Vol. 20, No. 1 (2008), pp. 120-145.
28. Budgeon, Third Wave Feminism and the Politics of Gender in Late Modernity, p. 8.
29. Coleman, 'An Introduction to Feminisms in a Postfeminist Age', pp. 3-13.
30. Susann Archer Mann and Douglas J. Huffman, 'The Decentering of Second Wave Feminism and the Rise of the Third Wave', Science and Society, Vol. 69, No. 1 (2005), pp. 56-91.
31. Harris, 'Mind the Gap', p. 477.
32. Feminism did not pause between waves. Here the wave metaphor refers to exceptionally vocal periods of feminism.
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34. Naomi Zack, Inclusive Feminism: A Third Wave Theory of Women's Commonality (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2005).
35. Standpoint theory considers social power dynamics as a crucial part in the production of knowledge: for example, Sandra Harding, "'Strong Objectivity": A Response to the New Objectivity Question', Synthese, Vol. 104, No. 3 (1995 ), pp. 331-349.
36. Loreen N. Olson, Tina A. Coffelt, Eileen Berlin Ray et al., "'I'm all for equal rights, but don't call me feminist": Identity Dilemmas in Young Adults' Discursive Representation of Being a Feminist', Women's Studies in Communication, Vol. 31, No. 1 (2008), pp.104-132.
37. Ronald Inglehart and Pippa Norris, Rising Tide: Gender Equality and Cultural Change around the World (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), pp. 101-126.
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40. Bakker and deVreese, 'Good News for the Future?', pp. 451-470.
41. All participant names are pseudonyms.
42. David Buckingham and Rebekah Willett, Digital Generations: Children, Young People and New Media (Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 2006).
43. Shireen Lee, 'The New Girls Network: Women, Technology, and Feminism', in Vivien Labaton and Dawn Lundy Martin (eds), The Fire this Time: Young Activists and the New Feminism (New York: Anchor Books, 2004), p. 100.
44. Jody C. Baumgartner and Jonathan S. Morris, 'MyFaceTube Politics: Social Networking Websites and Political Engagement of Young Adults', Social Science Computer Review, Vol. 28, No. 1 (2010), pp. 24-44.
45. Marichal, 'Political Facebook Groups'.
46. The Hand Mirror, available at: http://thehandmirror.blogspot.co.nz/.
47. Cf. Keller, 'Virtual Feminisms', pp. 429-447.
48. Harris, 'Mind the Gap', p. 479.
49. E.g. Christensen, 'Political Activities on the Internet'.
50. 'SlutWalk' is an international series of protest marches that started in Toronto in 2011 as a response to a police officer advising women not to dress like 'sluts'.
51. Hollaback Wellington, available at: http://wellington.ihollaback.org/.
52. Eats on Feets New Zealand, http://www.facebook.com/eatsonfeetsnz.
53. Harris, 'Mind the Gap', p. 480.
54. Keller, 'Virtual Feminisms', pp. 429-447.
55. Eva Anduiza, Marta Cantijoch and Aina Gallego, 'Political Participation and the Internet', Information, Communication and Society, Vol. 12, No. 6 (2009), p. 866.
56. Ellena Savage, 'Politics of Slutwalk', Eureka Street, Vol. 21, No. 10 (2011), pp. 29-30.
57. Janis Wolak, Kimberly J. Mitchell and David Finkelhor, 'Does Online Harassment Constitute Bullying? An Exploration of Online Harassment by Known Peers and Online-Only Contacts', Journal of Adolescent Health, Vol. 41, No. 6 (2007), pp. 51-58.
58. Morahan-Martin, 'Women and the Internet: Promise and Perils', p. 683.
59. Kristen Chamberlain, 'Redefining Cyberactivism: The Future of Online Project', Review of Communication, Vol. 3, Nos 3-4 (2004), p. 145.
60. Beth E. Schneider, 'Political Generations and the Contemporary Women's Movement', Sociological Inquiry, Vol. 85, No. 1 (1988), p. 17.
61. Matt Henn, Mark Weinstein and Dominic Wring, 'A Generation Apart? Youth and Political Participation in Britain Today', paper presented at the 50th Annual Conference of the Political Studies Association, London, 2000, p. 4.
62. Lauren Duncan, 'Women's Relationship to Feminism: Effects of Generation and Feminist Self-Labeling', Psychology of Women Quarterly, Vol. 34, No. 4 (2010), p. 505.
63. Sarah Maddison, "'A Part of Living Feminism": Intergenerational Feminism in a Working Class Area', Journal of Interdisciplinary Gender Studies, Vol. 8, Nos 1-2 (2004), pp. 38-54.
64. Budgeon, Third Wave Feminism and the Politics of Gender in Late Modernity, p. 156.
65. Budgeon, Third Wave Feminism and the Politics of Gender in Late Modernity, p. 157.
66. The National Council of Women of New Zealand, available at: www.ncwnz.org.nz/.