BK polyomavirus infection in the renal transplant recipient

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 271-283

  Balba, Gayle P ^a   Javaid, Basit ^a   Timpone, Joseph G ^a  

^a GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

BK virus; Kidney dysfunction; Nephropathy; Renal transplant

Indexed keywords

AZATHIOPRINE; CALCINEURIN INHIBITOR; CEPHALOSPORIN DERIVATIVE; CIDOFOVIR; CIPROFLOXACIN; CYCLOSPORIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; LEFLUNOMIDE; LEVOFLOXACIN; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; TACROLIMUS;

ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; ASEPTIC MENINGITIS; BK VIRUS INFECTION; BK VIRUS NEPHROPATHY; BRONCHOSPASM; CLINICAL FEATURE; DRUG EFFECT; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; GRAFT FAILURE; GRAFT RECIPIENT; HEMORRHAGIC CYSTITIS; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION; INCIDENCE; INFECTION PREVENTION; INFECTION RISK; KIDNEY BIOPSY; KIDNEY DISEASE; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; LOADING DRUG DOSE; NEPHROTOXICITY; NONHUMAN; PATIENT MONITORING; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PREVALENCE; RETRANSPLANTATION; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; THROMBOSIS; VIRAL CLEARANCE; VIREMIA; VIRUS LOAD; VIRUS PATHOGENESIS; VIRUS REACTIVATION;

ANTIVIRAL AGENTS; BK VIRUS; HUMANS; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS; INCIDENCE; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; PLASMA; POLYOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS; TRANSPLANTATION; TREATMENT FAILURE; URINE;

EID: 84878254073     PISSN: 08915520     EISSN: 15579824     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2013.02.002     Document Type: Review

References (60)

1. Hirsch H.H., Brennan D.C., Drachenberg B.C., et al. Polymovavirus associated nephropathy in renal transplantation: interdisciplinary analyses and recommendations. Transplantation 2005, 79:1277-1286.
2. Gardner S.D., Field A.M., Coleman D.V., et al. New human papovavirus (BK) isolated from urine after renal transplanation. Lancet 1971, 1253-1257.
3. Hirsch H.H., Steiger J. Polyomavirus BK. Lancet Infect Dis 2003, 3:611-623.
4. Bohl D.B., Brennan D.C. BK virus nephropathy and kidney transplant. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2007, 2:S36-S46.
5. Comoli P., Binggell S., Ginevri F., et al. Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy: update on BK virus-specific immunity. Transpl Infect Dis 2006, 8:86-94.
6. Patel R. Infections in the recipients of kidney transplants. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2001, 15(3):901-952.
7. Hirsch H.H., Randhawa R., AST infectious diseases community of practice BK virus in solid organ transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2009, 9:S136-S146.
8. Thakur R., Arora S., Nada R., et al. Prospective monitoring of BK virus reactivation in renal transplant recipients in North India. Transpl Infect Dis 2011, 13(6):575-583.
9. Mitterhofer A.P., Pietropaolo V., Barile M., et al. Meaning of early polyomavirus-BK replication post kidney transplant. Transplant Proc 2010, 42:1142-1145.
10. Kusne S., Vilchez R.A., Zanwar P., et al. Polyomavirus JC urinary shedding in kidney and liver transplant recipients associated with reduced creatinine clearance. J Invest Dermatol 2012, 206(6):875-880.
11. Bohl D.L., Storch G.A., Ryschkewitsch C., et al. Donor origin of BK virus in renal transplant and role of HLA C7 in susceptibility to sustained viremia. Am J Transplant 2005, 5:2213-2221.
12. Shah K. Human polyomavirus BKV and renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000, 15(6):754-755.
13. Ali A.M., Gibson I.W., Birk P., et al. Pretransplant serologic testing to identify the risk of polyoma BK viremia in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant 2011, 15(8):827-834.
14. Smith J.M., Mcdonald R.A., Finn L.S., et al. Polyomavirus nephropathy in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2004, 4:2109-2117.
15. Hariharan S. BK virus nephritis after renal transplant. Kidney Int 2006, 69:655-662.
16. Comoli P., Azzi A., Maccario R., et al. Polyomavir BK specific immunity after kidney transplantation. Transplantation 2004, 78:1229-1232.
17. Abraham T., Dropulic L.K., Rahman M.H., et al. Ureteral stents: a novel risk factor for polyomavirus nephropathy. Transplantation 2007, 84:433-436.
18. Hirsch H.H., Knoweles W., Dickenmann M., et al. Prospective study of polyomavirus type BK, replication and nephropathy in renal transplant recipients. N Engl J Med 2002, 347:488-496.
19. Babel N., Fendt J., Karaivano S., et al. Sustained BK viruria as an early marker for the development of BKV-associated nephropathy: analysis of 4128 urine and serum samples. Transplantation 2009, 88:89-95.
20. Brennan D.C., Agha I., Bohl E., et al. Incidence of BK with tacrolimus verus cyclosporine and impact of preemptive immunosuppression reduction. Am J Transplant 2005, 5:582-594.
21. Hussain S., Orentas R., Walczak J., et al. Prevention of BKV nephritis by monitoring BK viremeia in renal transplant recipients. A prospective study. Graft 2004, 7:28-30.
22. O'Donnell P.H., Swanson K., Josephson M.A., et al. BK vivus infection is associated with hematuria and renal impairment in recipients of allogeneic hematopoetic stem cell transplants. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2009, 15(9):1038-1048.
23. Dropulic L.K., Jones R.J. Polyomavirus BK infection in blood and marrow transplant recipients. Bone Marrow Transplant 2008, 41(1):11-18.
24. Jiang M., Abend J.R., Johnson S.F., et al. The role of polyomavirus in human disease. Virology 2009, 384(2):266-273.
25. Bratt G., Hamarin A.L., Grandien M., et al. BK virus as the cause of meningoencephalitis retinitis and nephritis in a patient with AIDS. AIDS 1999, 13:1071-1075.
26. Basara N., Rasche F.M., Schwalenberg T., et al. Hydronephrosis resulting from bilateral ureteral stenosis: a late complication of polyoma BK virus cystitis?. J Transplant 2010, 2010:1-6.
27. Hedquist B.G., Bratt G., Hammarin A.L., et al. Identification of BK virus in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and bilateral atypical retinitis. Ophthalmology 1999, 106:129-132.
28. Pedrogiannis-Halotis T., Saloulas G., Kirby J., et al. BK-related polymomavirus vasculopathy in a renal transplant recipient. N Engl J Med 2001, 345:1250-1255.
29. Esposito L., Hirsh H., Basse G., et al. BK virus-related hemophagocytic syndrome in a renal transplant patient. Transplantation 2007, 83(3):365.
30. Akazaw Y., Terada Y., Yamane T., et al. Fatal BK virus pneumonia following stem cell transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2012, 14(6):E142-E146.
31. Coleman D.V., Mackenzie E.F., Gardner S.D. Human Polyomavirus (BK) infection and ureteric stenosis in renal allograft recipients. J Clin Pathol 1978, 31(4):338-347.
32. Abend J.R., Jiang M., Imperiale M.J. BK virus and human cancer: innocent until proven guilty. Semin Cancer Biol 2009, 19(4):252-260.
33. Sundsfjord A., Rosenqvist H., Van Ghelue M., et al. BK and JC viruses in patients with systemic lupus erythematous: prevalent and persistent sequence stability of the viral regulatory regions and nondetectable viremia. J Infect Dis 1999, 180(1):1-9.
34. Galan A., Rauch C.A., Otis C.N. Fatal BK polyoma viral pneumonia associated with immunosuppression. Hum Pathol 2005, 36(9):1031-1034.
35. Rennert H., Jenkins S.G., Azurin C., et al. Evaluation of BK virus viral load assay using the QIAGEN Artus BK virus RG PCR Test. J Clin Virol 2012, 54(3):260-264.
36. Drachenberg C.B., Hirsh H.H., Ramos E., et al. Polyomavirus disease in renal transplantation: review of pathological findings and diagnostic methods. Hum Pathol 2005, 36(12):1245-1255.
37. Dranchenberg C.B., Papdimitriou J.C., Hirsch H.H., et al. Histologic patterns of polymovavirus nephropathy: correlation with graft outcome and viral load. Am J Transplant 2004, 4(12):2082-2092.
38. Johnston O., Jaswal D., Gill J.S., et al. Treatment of polyomavirus infection in kidney transplant recipients: a systematic review. Transplantation 2010, 89(9):1057-1070.
39. Ginevir F., Azzi H., Hirsch H.H., et al. Prospective monitoring of polymoavirus BK replication and impact of preemptive intervention in pediatric kidney recipients. Am J Transplant 2007, 7:2727-2735.
40. Weiss A.S., Gralla J., Chan L., et al. Aggressive immunosuppression minimization reduces graft loss following diagnosis of BK virus-associated nephropathy: a comparison of two reduction strategies. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2008, 3:1812-1819.
41. Hariharan S., Cohen E.P., Vasudev B., et al. BKV specific antibodies and BKV DNA in renal transplant recipients with BKV nephritis. Am J Transplant 2005, 5:2719-2724.
42. Hilton R., Tong C.Y. Antiviral therapy for polymovavirus-associated nephropathy after renal transplant. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008, 62:855-859.
43. Bernhoff E., Tylden G.D., Kjerpeseth L.J., et al. Leflunoide inhibition of BK virus replication in renal tubular epithelial cells. J Virol 2010, 84:2150-2156.
44. Williams J.W., Javaid B., Gillen D., et al. Leflunomide for polyomavirus type BK nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2005, 352:1157-1158.
45. Krisi J.C., Taber D.J., Pilch N., et al. Leflunomide efficacy and pharmacodynamics for the treatment of BK viral infection. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2012, 7(6):1003-1009.
46. Lamoth F., Pascual M., Erard V., et al. Low-dose cidofovir for the treatment of polymovavirus-associated nephropathy: two case reports and review of the literature. Antivir Ther 2008, 13:1001-1009.
47. Lopez V., Solia E., Gutierrez C., et al. Anterior uveitis associated with treatment with intravenous cidofovir in kidney transplant patients with BK nephropathy. Transplant Proc 2006, 38:2412-2413.
48. Randhawa R.S., Schonder K., Shapiro R., et al. Polyomavirus BK neutralizing activity in human immunoglobulin preparations. Transplantation 2010, 89(12):1462-1465.
49. Serner A., House A.A., Jevnikar A.M., et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin as a treatment for BK virus associated nephropathy. On year follow up of renal allograft recipients. Transplantation 2006, 81:117.
50. Wadei H.M., Rule A.D., Lewin M., et al. Kidney transplant function and histological clearance of virus following diagnoses of plymoavirus associated nephropathy (PVAN). Am J Transplant 2006, 6:1025.
51. Jordan S.C., Toyoda M., Kahwaji J., et al. Clinical aspects of intravenous immunoglobulin use in solid organ transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2011, 11:196-202.
52. Leung A.Y., Chan M.T., Yuen K.Y., et al. Ciprofloxacin decreased polyoma BK virus load in patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clin Infect Dis 2005, 40:528-537.
53. Blanckaert K., De Vriese A.S. Current recommendations for diagnosis and management of polyoma BK virus nephropathy in renal transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006, 21(12):3364-3367.
54. Dall A., Hariharan S. BK virus nephritis after renal transplantation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2008, 3(Suppl 2):S68-S75.
55. Gabardi S., Waikar S., Martin S., et al. Evaluation of fluoroquinolones for the prevention of BK viremia after renal transplant. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010, 5:1298-1304.
56. Koukoulaki M., Apostolou T., Hadjiconstantinou V., et al. Impact of prophylactic administration of ciprofloxacin on BK polyoma virus replication. Transpl Infect Dis 2008, 10:449-451.
57. Thamboo T.P., Jeffery K.J., Friend P.J., et al. Urine cytology screening for polyoma virus infection following renal transplantation: the Oxford experience. J Clin Pathol 2007, 60(8):927-930.
58. Wojciechowski D., Chanda R., Chandran S., et al. Ciprofloxacin prophylaxis in kidney transplant recipients reduces BK virus infection at 3 months but not at 1 Year. Transplantation 2012, 94(11):1117-1123.
59. Geetha D., Sozio S.M., Ghanta M., et al. Results of repeat renal transplantation after graft loss from BK virus nephropathy. Transplantation 2011, 92(7):781-786.
60. Dharnidharka V.R., Cherikh W.S., Neff R., et al. Retransplantation after BK virus nephropathy in prior kidney transplant: an OPTN database analysis. Am J Transplant 2010, 10(5):1312-1315.