Addition of polyaluminiumchloride (PACl) to waste activated sludge to mitigate the negative effects of its sticky phase in dewatering-drying operations

Water Research

Volumn 47, Issue 11, 2013, Pages 3600-3609

  Peeters, Bart ^a   Dewil, Raf ^b   Vernimmen, Luc ^a   Van den Bogaert, Benno ^a   Smets, Ilse Y ^b  

^a Monsanto Europe NV   (Belgium)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Activated sludge conditioner; Decanter centrifuge; Dewatering; Drying; Polyaluminium chloride; Sticky phase

Indexed keywords

CENTRIFUGES; CHLORINE COMPOUNDS; DEWATERING; DRYERS (EQUIPMENT); SHEAR STRESS;

ACTIVATED SLUDGE; ACTIVATED SLUDGE CONDITIONER; DECANTER CENTRIFUGE; DRY SOLIDS; DRYING OPERATION; NEW APPLICATIONS; POLY(ALUMINUM CHLORIDE); STICKY PHASE; WASTE ACTIVATED SLUDGES; WASTE SLUDGE;

DRYING;

ALUMINUM; CHLORINE DERIVATIVE; POLYALUMINIUMCHLORIDE; POLYMER; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ACTIVATED SLUDGE; BIOFOULING; CHLORIDE; DATA SET; DEWATERING; OPERATIONS TECHNOLOGY; POLYMER; SUSPENDED LOAD; TORQUE;

ACTIVATED SLUDGE; ARTICLE; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); DEWATERING; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; LUBRICATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SHEAR STRESS; TORQUE;

EID: 84878129700     PISSN: 00431354     EISSN: 18792448     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.04.012     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. APHA Standard Methods Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 1998, American Public Health Association, Washington. L.S. Clesceri, A.E. Greenberg, A.D. Eaton (Eds.).
2. Arlabosse P., Chavez S., Lecomte D. Method for thermal design of paddle dryers: application to municipal sewage sludge. Drying Technology 2004, 22:2375-2393.
3. Arlabosse P., Ferrasse J.-H., Lecomte D., Crine M., Dumont Y., Léonard A. Efficient sludge thermal processing: from drying to thermal valorization. Energy Savings 2011, vol 4. Wiley-VCH Verlag & Co., Weinheim, Germany. E. Tsotsas, A.S. Mujumdar (Eds.).
4. Becerra F.Y.G. Recovery of Surface Active Material from Municipal Wastewater Activated Sludge 2010, 155. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of chemical engineering and applied chemistry, University of Toronto, Available at:. http://https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/26270/3/GarciaBecerra_Flor_201011_PhD_thesis.pdf.
5. Casey W.H. Large aqueous aluminum hydroxide molecules. Chemical Reviews 2006, 106:1-16.
6. Chang M.-c., Chuang S.-h., Lin H.-l. Effects of calcium ion on sludge conditioning. Water Science and Technology 1997, 35:217-222.
7. Chen G., Yue P.L., Mujumdar A.S. Dewatering and drying of wastewater treatment sludge. Handbook of Industrial Drying 2007, Taylor & Francis, Florida. A.S. Mujumdar (Ed.).
8. Ferrasse J.-H., Arlabosse P., Lecomte D. Heat, momentum, and mass transfer measurements in indirect agitated sludge dryer. Drying Technology 2002, 20:749-769.
9. Flemming H.-C. The perfect slime. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 2011, 86:251-259.
10. 13 content. Journal of Environmental Management 2005, 76:143-147.
11. Komline-Sanderson Komline-Sanderson Paddle Dryer. Drying Technology for Biosolids, Sludges and By-products 2008, http://www.komline.com/downloads/brochures/KS-SDB_080714.pdf.
12. Kondo, S., Sano, S., 1994. Method of Electroosmotically Dehydrating Sludge. US Patent 5,279,718, January 18, 1994 (available at: ). http://https://docs.google.com/a/google.com/viewer?url%3Dwww.google.com/patents/US5279718.pdf.
13. Kudra T. Sticky region in drying - definition and identification. Drying Technology 2003, 21:1457-1469.
14. Lai J.Y., Liu J.C. Co-conditioning and dewatering of alum sludge and waste activated sludge. Water Science and Technology 2004, 50:41-48.
15. Leung W.W.-F. Torque requirement for high-solids centrifugal sludge dewatering. Filtration & Separation 1998, 35:883-887.
16. Lin J.-L., Huang C., Pan J.R., Wang D. Effect of Al(III) speciation on coagulation of highly turbid water. Chemosphere 2008, 72:189-196.
17. 13 aggregates. Water Research 2008, 42:4281-4290.
18. Ma D.G., Zhang S.T., Li Z.Y. Control of sludge-to-wall adhesion by applying a polarized electric field. Drying Technology 2007, 25:639-643.
19. Milieu Ltd., WRc, RPA Environmental, Economic and Social Impacts of the Use of Sewage Sludge on Land - Part I: Overview Report. Study Contract DG ENV.G.4/ETU/2008/0076r 2008, available at, :. http://wttp://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/sludge/pdf/part_i_report.pdf.
20. NEN 6624, Slib: Bepaling van de slibvolume-index (SVI) (Sludge: Determination of sludge volume index) (in Dutch), Dutch Normalisation Institute, The Netherlands: Delft.
21. Ni B.-J., Yu H.-Q. Microbial products of activated sludge systems in biological wastewater treatment systems: a critical review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology 2012, 42:187-223.
22. Ohashi A., Harada H. A novel concept for evaluation of biofilm adhesion strength by applying tensile force and shear force. Water Science and Technology 1996, 34:201-211.
23. Peeters B. Mechanical dewatering and thermal drying of sludge in a single apparatus. Drying Technology 2010, 28:454-459.
24. Peeters B. Effect of Activated Sludge Composition on Its Dewaterability and Sticky Phase 2011, 280. Ph.D. dissertation, Catholic University of Leuven (Belgium), Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Division BioTeC, Available at:. https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/321139.
25. Peeters B., Dewil R., Van Impe J.F., Vernimmen L., Smets I.Y. Using a shear test-based lab protocol to map the sticky phase of activated sludge. Environmental Engineering Science 2011, 28:81-85.
26. Peeters B., Dewil R., Smets I.Y. Improved process control of an industrial sludge centrifuge-dryer installation through binary logistic regression modeling of the fouling issues. Journal of Process Control 2012, 22:1387-1396.
27. Peeters B., Dewil R., Vernimmen L., Smets I.Y. Avoiding activated sludge stickiness through addition of polyaluminiumchloride (PACl). Proceedings of the 11th World Filtration Congress (WFC 11), Graz, Austria, paper P368 2012.
28. Perry R.H., Green D.W. Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook 1984, Mc.Graw-Hill Inc., New York. sixth ed.
29. Pett M.A. Nonparametric Statistics for Health Care Research: Statistics for Small Samples and Unusual Distributions 1997, SAGE Publications, Ltd., London, UK. first ed.
30. Sanin F.D., Clarkson W.W., Vesilind P.A. Sludge Engineering: the Treatment and Disposal of Wastewater Sludges 2011, DEStech Publications Inc, Pennsylvania. first ed.
31. Saukkoriipi J. Theoretical Study of the Hydrolysis of Aluminum Complexes. Series Acta Universitatis Ouluensis Scientiae Rerum Naturalium (A 554, 2010) 2010, 90. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Oulu, Finland, Available at:. http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9789514261831/isbn9789514261831.pdf.
32. Seyssiecq I., Ferrasse J.-H., Roche N. State-of-the-art: rheological characterisation of wastewater treatment sludge. Biochemical Engineering Journal 2003, 16:41-56.
33. Sheng G.-P., Yu H.-Q., Li X.-Y. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of microbial aggregates in biological wastewater treatment systems: a review. Biotechnology Advances 2010, 28:882-894.
34. Strand, A., Alsaker, J., 2009. Process and means for drying of sticky materials, US Patent 7,562,465 B2, July 21, 2009 (available at: ). http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7562465.pdf.
35. Vaxelaire J., Cézac P. Moisture distribution in activated sludges: a review. Water Research 2004, 38:2215-2230.
36. 13-PACl. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering 2007, 305:89-96.
37. Zhao H.-Z., Liu C., Xu Y., Ni J.-R. High-concentration polyaluminum chloride: preparation and effects of the Alconcentration on the distribution and transformation ofAl species. Chemical Engineering Journal 2009, 155:528-533.