메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 57, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 184-192

Congenital hypothyroidism: Recommendations of the thyroid department of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism;Hipotireoidismo congênito: Recomendações do Departamento de Tireoide da Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia

Author keywords

Congenital hypothyroidism; Neonatal screening

Indexed keywords

THYROTROPIN; THYROXINE;

EID: 84878066701     PISSN: 00042730     EISSN: 16779487     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/S0004-27302013000300004     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (21)

References (51)
  • 1
    • 0033924475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for congenital hypothyroidism: An investigation of infant's birth weight, ethnicity, and gender in California, 1990-1998
    • Waller DK, Anderson JL, Lorey F, Cunningham GC. Risk factors for congenital hypothyroidism: an investigation of infant's birth weight, ethnicity, and gender in California, 1990-1998. Teratology. 2000;62(1):36-41.
    • (2000) Teratology. , vol.62 , Issue.1 , pp. 36-41
    • Waller, D.K.1    Anderson, J.L.2    Lorey, F.3    Cunningham, G.C.4
  • 2
    • 70349680738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 7-year experience with low blood TSH cutoff levels for neonatal screening reveals an unsuspected frequency of congenital hypothyroidism (CH)
    • Corbetta C, Weber G, Cortinovis F, Calebiro D, Passoni A, Vigone MC, et al. A 7-year experience with low blood TSH cutoff levels for neonatal screening reveals an unsuspected frequency of congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2009;71(5):739-45.
    • (2009) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). , vol.71 , Issue.5 , pp. 739-745
    • Corbetta, C.1    Weber, G.2    Cortinovis, F.3    Calebiro, D.4    Passoni, A.5    Vigone, M.C.6
  • 3
    • 60149090006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New aspects of genetics and molecular mechanisms on thyroid morphogenesis for the understanding of thyroid dysgenesia
    • Ramos HE, Nesi-França S, Maciel RM. New aspects of genetics and molecular mechanisms on thyroid morphogenesis for the understanding of thyroid dysgenesia. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2008;52(9):1403-15.
    • (2008) Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. , vol.52 , Issue.9 , pp. 1403-1415
    • Ramos, H.E.1    Nesi-França, S.2    McIel, R.M.3
  • 4
    • 63349108203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal screening program at the university hospital of the Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, São Paulo University, Brazil
    • Magalhães PK, Turcato M de F, Angulo Ide L, Maciel LM. Neonatal screening program at the university hospital of the Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, São Paulo University, Brazil. Cad Saude Publica. 2009;25(2):445-54.
    • (2009) Cad Saude Publica. , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 445-454
    • Magalhães, P.K.1    Turcato, M.2    de, F.3    Angulo Ide, L.4    McIel, L.M.5
  • 5
    • 34249338694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase in congenital hypothyroidism in New York State and in the United States
    • Harris KB, Pass KA. Increase in congenital hypothyroidism in New York State and in the United States. Mol Genet Metab. 2007;91(3):268-77.
    • (2007) Mol Genet Metab. , vol.91 , Issue.3 , pp. 268-277
    • Harris, K.B.1    Pass, K.A.2
  • 6
    • 77951824902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Future research directions to identify causes of the increasing incidence rate of congenital hypothyroidism in the United States
    • Shapira SK, Lloyd-Puryear MA, Boyle C. Future research directions to identify causes of the increasing incidence rate of congenital hypothyroidism in the United States. Pediatrics. 2010;125 Suppl 2:S64-8.
    • (2010) Pediatrics. , vol.125 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Shapira, S.K.1    Lloyd-Puryear, M.A.2    Boyle, C.3
  • 7
    • 77951865905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of transient hypothyroidism on the increasing rate of congenital hypothyroidism in the United States
    • Parks JS, Lin M, Grosse SD, Hinton CF, Drummond-Borg M, Borgfeld L, et al. The impact of transient hypothyroidism on the increasing rate of congenital hypothyroidism in the United States. Pediatrics. 2010;125 Suppl 2:S54-63.
    • (2010) Pediatrics. , vol.125 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Parks, J.S.1    Lin, M.2    Grosse, S.D.3    Hinton, C.F.4    Drummond-Borg, M.5    Borgfeld, L.6
  • 8
    • 77951831557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism--current trends and future directions: Workshop summary
    • Olney RS, Grosse SD, Vogt RF Jr. Prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism--current trends and future directions: workshop summary. Pediatrics. 2010;125 Suppl 2:S31-6.
    • (2010) Pediatrics. , vol.125 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Olney, R.S.1    Grosse, S.D.2    Vogt Jr., R.F.3
  • 9
    • 77951790203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of laboratory practices on the incidence rate of congenital hypothyroidism
    • Hertzberg V, Mei J, Therrell BL. Effect of laboratory practices on the incidence rate of congenital hypothyroidism. Pediatrics. 2010;125 Suppl 2:S48-53.
    • (2010) Pediatrics. , vol.125 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Hertzberg, V.1    Mei, J.2    Therrell, B.L.3
  • 10
    • 0030991994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population study of congenital hypothyroidism and associated birth defects, Atlanta, 1979-1992
    • Roberts HE, Moore CA, Fernhoff PM, Brown AL, Khoury MJ. Population study of congenital hypothyroidism and associated birth defects, Atlanta, 1979-1992. Am J Med Genet. 1997;71(1):29-32.
    • (1997) Am J Med Genet. , vol.71 , Issue.1 , pp. 29-32
    • Roberts, H.E.1    Moore, C.A.2    Fernhoff, P.M.3    Brown, A.L.4    Khoury, M.J.5
  • 11
    • 18844400822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of congenital hypothyroidism
    • Park SM, Chatterjee VK. Genetics of congenital hypothyroidism. J Med Genet. 2005;42(5):379-89.
    • (2005) J Med Genet. , vol.42 , Issue.5 , pp. 379-389
    • Park, S.M.1    Chatterjee, V.K.2
  • 12
    • 34249071606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening for mutations in transcription factors in a Czech cohort of 170 patients with congenital and early-onset hypothyroidism: Identification of a novel PAX8 mutation in dominantly inherited early-onset non-autoimmune hypothyroidism
    • Al Taji E, Biebermann H, Límanová Z, Hníková O, Zikmund J, Dame C, et al. Screening for mutations in transcription factors in a Czech cohort of 170 patients with congenital and early-onset hypothyroidism: identification of a novel PAX8 mutation in dominantly inherited early-onset non-autoimmune hypothyroidism. Eur J Endocrinol. 2007;156(5):521-9.
    • (2007) Eur J Endocrinol. , vol.156 , Issue.5 , pp. 521-529
    • Al Taji, E.1    Biebermann, H.2    Límanová, Z.3    Hníková, O.4    Zikmund, J.5    Dame, C.6
  • 13
    • 84880072335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid dyshormonogenesis is mainly caused by TPO mutations in consanguineous community
    • Dec 13. doi: 10.1111/cen.12127. [Epub ahead of print]
    • Cangul H, Aycan Z, Olivera-Nappa A, Saglam H, Schoenmakers NA, Boelaert K, et al. Thyroid dyshormonogenesis is mainly caused by TPO mutations in consanguineous community. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2012 Dec 13. doi: 10.1111/cen.12127. [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2012) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)
    • Cangul, H.1    Aycan, Z.2    Olivera-Nappa, A.3    Saglam, H.4    Schoenmakers, N.A.5    Boelaert, K.6
  • 14
    • 5644276275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between mutations in a thyroid hormone transporter and severe X-linked psychomotor retardation
    • Friesema EC, Grueters A, Biebermann H, Krude H, von Moers A, Reeser M, et al. Association between mutations in a thyroid hormone transporter and severe X-linked psychomotor retardation. Lancet. 2004;364(9443):1435-7.
    • (2004) Lancet. , vol.364 , Issue.9443 , pp. 1435-1437
    • Friesema, E.C.1    Grueters, A.2    Biebermann, H.3    Krude, H.4    von Moers, A.5    Reeser, M.6
  • 15
    • 0027241002 scopus 로고
    • The syndromes of resistance to thyroid hormone
    • Refetoff S, Weiss RE, Usala SJ. The syndromes of resistance to thyroid hormone. Endocr Rev. 1993;14(3):348-99.
    • (1993) Endocr Rev. , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 348-399
    • Refetoff, S.1    Weiss, R.E.2    Usala, S.J.3
  • 17
    • 0023025243 scopus 로고
    • Detection of congenital hypopituitary hypothyroidism: Tenyear experience in the Northwest Regional Screening Program
    • Hanna CE, Krainz PL, Skeels MR, Miyahira RS, Sesser DE, LaFranchi SH. Detection of congenital hypopituitary hypothyroidism: tenyear experience in the Northwest Regional Screening Program. J Pediatr. 1986;109(6):959-64.
    • (1986) J Pediatr. , vol.109 , Issue.6 , pp. 959-964
    • Hanna, C.E.1    Krainz, P.L.2    Skeels, M.R.3    Miyahira, R.S.4    Sesser, D.E.5    LaFranchi, S.H.6
  • 18
    • 84866149947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical review: Central hypothyroidism: Pathogenic, diagnostic, and therapeutic challenges
    • Persani L. Clinical review: central hypothyroidism: pathogenic, diagnostic, and therapeutic challenges. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(9):3068-78.
    • (2012) J Clin Endocrinol Metab. , vol.97 , Issue.9 , pp. 3068-3078
    • Persani, L.1
  • 19
    • 84871388819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient hypothyroidism at 3-year follow-up among cases of congenital hypothyroidism detected by newborn screening
    • Korzeniewski SJ, Grigorescu V, Kleyn M, Young WI, Birbeck G, Todem D, et al. Transient hypothyroidism at 3-year follow-up among cases of congenital hypothyroidism detected by newborn screening. J Pediatr. 2013;162(1):177-82.
    • (2013) J Pediatr. , vol.162 , Issue.1 , pp. 177-182
    • Korzeniewski, S.J.1    Grigorescu, V.2    Kleyn, M.3    Young, W.I.4    Birbeck, G.5    Todem, D.6
  • 20
    • 0021710297 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of congenital hypothyroidism: Retrospective study of neonatal laboratory screening versus clinical symptoms as indicators leading to diagnosis
    • Alm J, Hagenfeldt L, Larsson A, Lundberg K. Incidence of congenital hypothyroidism: retrospective study of neonatal laboratory screening versus clinical symptoms as indicators leading to diagnosis. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1984;289(6453):1171-5.
    • (1984) Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). , vol.289 , Issue.6453 , pp. 1171-1175
    • Alm, J.1    Hagenfeldt, L.2    Larsson, A.3    Lundberg, K.4
  • 21
    • 0024413234 scopus 로고
    • Maternal-fetal transfer of thyroxine in congenital hypothyroidism due to a total organification defect or thyroid agenesis
    • Vulsma T, Gons MH, de Vijlder JJ. Maternal-fetal transfer of thyroxine in congenital hypothyroidism due to a total organification defect or thyroid agenesis. N Engl J Med. 1989;321(1):13-6.
    • (1989) N Engl J Med. , vol.321 , Issue.1 , pp. 13-16
    • Vulsma, T.1    Gons, M.H.2    de Vijlder, J.J.3
  • 23
    • 84862666561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and laboratory features of children and adolescents with congenital hypothyroidism due to dyshormonogenesis in southern Brazil
    • Ramos JC, Lacerda Filho Ld, DeMartini Ade A, Silveira RB, Pereira RM, Sandrini Neto R, et al. Clinical and laboratory features of children and adolescents with congenital hypothyroidism due to dyshormonogenesis in southern Brazil. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2012;56(3):201-8.
    • (2012) Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. , vol.56 , Issue.3 , pp. 201-208
    • Ramos, J.C.1    Lacerda Filho, L.2    DeMartini Ade, A.3    Silveira, R.B.4    Pereira, R.M.5    Sandrini Neto, R.6
  • 24
    • 0026500731 scopus 로고
    • Congenital hypothyroidism detected by neonatal screening: Relationship between biochemical severity and early clinical features
    • Grant DB, Smith I, Fuggle PW, Tokar S, Chapple J. Congenital hypothyroidism detected by neonatal screening: relationship between biochemical severity and early clinical features. Arch Dis Child. 1992;67(1):87-90.
    • (1992) Arch Dis Child. , vol.67 , Issue.1 , pp. 87-90
    • Grant, D.B.1    Smith, I.2    Fuggle, P.W.3    Tokar, S.4    Chapple, J.5
  • 25
    • 84872765034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newborn Screening Program for congenital hypothyroidism of the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil: Etiological investigation in the first visit
    • Nascimento ML, Rabello FH, Ohira M, Simoni G, Cechinel E, Linhares RM, da Silva PC. [Newborn Screening Program for congenital hypothyroidism of the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil: etiological investigation in the first visit]. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2012;56(9):627-32.
    • (2012) Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. , vol.56 , Issue.9 , pp. 627-632
    • Nascimento, M.L.1    Rabello, F.H.2    Ohira, M.3    Simoni, G.4    Cechinel, E.5    Linhares, R.M.6    da Silva, P.C.7
  • 26
    • 18244368524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A population-based study on the frequency of additional congenital malformations in infants with congenital hypothyroidism: Data from the Italian Registry for Congenital Hypothyroidism (1991-1998)
    • Study Group for Congenital Hypothyroidism
    • Olivieri A, Stazi MA, Mastroiacovo P, Fazzini C, Medda E, Spagnolo A, et al.; Study Group for Congenital Hypothyroidism. A population-based study on the frequency of additional congenital malformations in infants with congenital hypothyroidism: data from the Italian Registry for Congenital Hypothyroidism (1991-1998). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(2):557-62.
    • (2002) J Clin Endocrinol Metab. , vol.87 , Issue.2 , pp. 557-562
    • Olivieri, A.1    Stazi, M.A.2    Mastroiacovo, P.3    Fazzini, C.4    Medda, E.5    Spagnolo, A.6
  • 27
    • 58149504255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased prevalence of renal and urinary tract anomalies in children with congenital hypothyroidism
    • Kumar J, Gordillo R, Kaskel FJ, Druschel CM, Woroniecki RP. Increased prevalence of renal and urinary tract anomalies in children with congenital hypothyroidism. J Pediatr. 2009;154(2):263-6.
    • (2009) J Pediatr. , vol.154 , Issue.2 , pp. 263-266
    • Kumar, J.1    Gordillo, R.2    Kaskel, F.J.3    Druschel, C.M.4    Woroniecki, R.P.5
  • 28
    • 0037101847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel loss-of-function mutation in TTF-2 is associated with congenital hypothyroidism, thyroid agenesis and cleft palate
    • Castanet M, Park SM, Smith A, Bost M, Léger J, Lyonnet S, et al. A novel loss-of-function mutation in TTF-2 is associated with congenital hypothyroidism, thyroid agenesis and cleft palate. Hum Mol Genet. 2002;11(17):2051-9.
    • (2002) Hum Mol Genet. , vol.11 , Issue.17 , pp. 2051-2059
    • Castanet, M.1    Park, S.M.2    Smith, A.3    Bost, M.4    Léger, J.5    Lyonnet, S.6
  • 29
    • 3342973111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autosomal dominant transmission of congenital hypothyroidism, neonatal respiratory distress, and ataxia caused by a mutation of NKX2-1
    • Doyle DA, Gonzalez I, Thomas B, Scavina M. Autosomal dominant transmission of congenital hypothyroidism, neonatal respiratory distress, and ataxia caused by a mutation of NKX2-1. J Pediatr. 2004;145(2):190-3.
    • (2004) J Pediatr. , vol.145 , Issue.2 , pp. 190-193
    • Doyle, D.A.1    Gonzalez, I.2    Thomas, B.3    Scavina, M.4
  • 30
    • 0015221409 scopus 로고
    • Neurological damage to the fetus resulting from severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy
    • Pharoah PO, Buttfield IH, Hetzel BS. Neurological damage to the fetus resulting from severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy. Lancet. 1971;1(7694):308-10.
    • (1971) Lancet. , vol.1 , Issue.7694 , pp. 308-310
    • Pharoah, P.O.1    Buttfield, I.H.2    Hetzel, B.S.3
  • 31
    • 79956295445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subtle health impairment and socioeducational attainment in young adult patients with congenital hypothyroidism diagnosed by neonatal screening: A longitudinal population-based cohort study
    • French Congenital Hypothyroidism Study Group
    • Léger J, Ecosse E, Roussey M, Lanoë JL, Larroque B; French Congenital Hypothyroidism Study Group. Subtle health impairment and socioeducational attainment in young adult patients with congenital hypothyroidism diagnosed by neonatal screening: a longitudinal population-based cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(6):1771-82.
    • (2011) J Clin Endocrinol Metab. , vol.96 , Issue.6 , pp. 1771-1782
    • Léger, J.1    Ecosse, E.2    Roussey, M.3    Lanoë, J.L.4    Larroque, B.5
  • 32
    • 84873636908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All-cause and disease-specific mortality and morbidity in patients with congenital hypothyroidism treated since the neonatal period: A national population-based study
    • Azar-Kolakez A, Ecosse E, Dos Santos S, Léger J. All-cause and disease-specific mortality and morbidity in patients with congenital hypothyroidism treated since the neonatal period: a national population-based study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(2):785-93.
    • (2013) J Clin Endocrinol Metab. , vol.98 , Issue.2 , pp. 785-793
    • Azar-Kolakez, A.1    Ecosse, E.2    Dos Santos, S.3    Léger, J.4
  • 33
    • 0033912966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of timing and dose of thyroid hormone replacement on development in infants with congenital hypothyroidism
    • Bongers-Schokking JJ, Koot HM, Wiersma D, Verkerk PH, de Muinck Keizer-Schrama SM. Influence of timing and dose of thyroid hormone replacement on development in infants with congenital hypothyroidism. J Pediatr. 2000;136(3):292-7.
    • (2000) J Pediatr. , vol.136 , Issue.3 , pp. 292-297
    • Bongers-Schokking, J.J.1    Koot, H.M.2    Wiersma, D.3    Verkerk, P.H.4    de Muinck Keizer-Schrama, S.M.5
  • 34
    • 0026737815 scopus 로고
    • Audit of screening for congenital hypothyroidism
    • Pharoah PO, Madden MP. Audit of screening for congenital hypothyroidism. Arch Dis Child. 1992;67(9):1073-6.
    • (1992) Arch Dis Child. , vol.67 , Issue.9 , pp. 1073-1076
    • Pharoah, P.O.1    Madden, M.P.2
  • 35
    • 0033918898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The magnitude and challenge of falsepositive newborn screening test results
    • Kwon C, Farrell PM. The magnitude and challenge of falsepositive newborn screening test results. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154(7):714-8.
    • (2000) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. , vol.154 , Issue.7 , pp. 714-718
    • Kwon, C.1    Farrell, P.M.2
  • 36
    • 33745318070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update of newborn screening and therapy for congenital hypothyroidism
    • Section on Endocrinology and Committee on Genetics, American Thyroid Association, Brown RS; Public Health Committee, Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society, Foley T, Kaplowitz PB, Kaye CI, Sundararajan S, Varma SK, American Academy of Pediatrics, Rose SR
    • American Academy of Pediatrics, Rose SR; Section on Endocrinology and Committee on Genetics, American Thyroid Association, Brown RS; Public Health Committee, Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society, Foley T, Kaplowitz PB, Kaye CI, Sundararajan S, Varma SK. Update of newborn screening and therapy for congenital hypothyroidism. Pediatrics. 2006;117(6):2290-303.
    • (2006) Pediatrics. , vol.117 , Issue.6 , pp. 2290-2303
  • 37
    • 33749073859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction to the newborn screening fact sheets
    • Committee on Genetics
    • Kaye CI; Committee on Genetics, Accurso F, La Franchi S, Lane PA, Northrup H, et al. Introduction to the newborn screening fact sheets. Pediatrics. 2006;118(3):1304-12.
    • (2006) Pediatrics. , vol.118 , Issue.3 , pp. 1304-1312
    • Kaye, C.I.1    Accurso, F.2    la Franchi, S.3    Lane, P.A.4    Northrup, H.5
  • 39
    • 33644838855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening for congenital hypothyroidism: The value of retesting after four weeks in neonates with low and very low birth weight
    • Tylek-Lemańska D, Kumorowicz-Kopiec M, Starzyk J. Screening for congenital hypothyroidism: the value of retesting after four weeks in neonates with low and very low birth weight. J Med Screen. 2005;12(4):166-9.
    • (2005) J Med Screen. , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 166-169
    • Tylek-Lemańska, D.1    Kumorowicz-Kopiec, M.2    Starzyk, J.3
  • 40
    • 0020683076 scopus 로고
    • Higher sensitivity of primary thyrotropin in screening for congenital hypothyroidism: A myth?
    • Dussault JH, Morissette J. Higher sensitivity of primary thyrotropin in screening for congenital hypothyroidism: a myth? J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1983;56(4):849-52.
    • (1983) J Clin Endocrinol Metab. , vol.56 , Issue.4 , pp. 849-852
    • Dussault, J.H.1    Morissette, J.2
  • 41
    • 48249130822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finding blunders in thyroid testing: Experience in newborns
    • Zilka LJ, Lott JA, Baker LC, Linard SM. Finding blunders in thyroid testing: experience in newborns. J Clin Lab Anal. 2008;22(4):254-6.
    • (2008) J Clin Lab Anal. , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 254-256
    • Zilka, L.J.1    Lott, J.A.2    Baker, L.C.3    Linard, S.M.4
  • 42
    • 0035169821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reference intervals from birth to adulthood for serum thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), free T3, free T4, thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) and thyrotropin (TSH)
    • Elmlinger MW, Kühnel W, Lambrecht HG, Ranke MB. Reference intervals from birth to adulthood for serum thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), free T3, free T4, thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) and thyrotropin (TSH). Clin Chem Lab Med. 2001;39(10):973-9.
    • (2001) Clin Chem Lab Med. , vol.39 , Issue.10 , pp. 973-979
    • Elmlinger, M.W.1    Kühnel, W.2    Lambrecht, H.G.3    Ranke, M.B.4
  • 43
    • 80053519288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approach to the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal hypothyroidism
    • LaFranchi SH. Approach to the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(10):2959-67.
    • (2011) J Clin Endocrinol Metab. , vol.96 , Issue.10 , pp. 2959-2967
    • LaFranchi, S.H.1
  • 44
    • 0345570512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors associated with delayed thyrotropin elevations in congenital hypothyroidism
    • Larson C, Hermos R, Delaney A, Daley D, Mitchell M. Risk factors associated with delayed thyrotropin elevations in congenital hypothyroidism. J Pediatr. 2003;143(5):587-91.
    • (2003) J Pediatr. , vol.143 , Issue.5 , pp. 587-591
    • Larson, C.1    Hermos, R.2    Delaney, A.3    Daley, D.4    Mitchell, M.5
  • 45
    • 0345305678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Color Doppler ultrasonography: Diagnosis of ectopic thyroid gland in patients with congenital hypothyroidism caused by thyroid dysgenesis
    • Ohnishi H, Sato H, Noda H, Inomata H, Sasaki N. Color Doppler ultrasonography: diagnosis of ectopic thyroid gland in patients with congenital hypothyroidism caused by thyroid dysgenesis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88(11):5145-9.
    • (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab. , vol.88 , Issue.11 , pp. 5145-5149
    • Ohnishi, H.1    Sato, H.2    Noda, H.3    Inomata, H.4    Sasaki, N.5
  • 46
    • 84055190581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pitfalls in the diagnosis of thyroid dysgenesis by thyroid ultrasonography and scintigraphy
    • Karakoc-Aydiner E, Turan S, Akpinar I, Dede F, Isguven P, Adal E, et al. Pitfalls in the diagnosis of thyroid dysgenesis by thyroid ultrasonography and scintigraphy. Eur J Endocrinol. 2012;166(1):43-8.
    • (2012) Eur J Endocrinol. , vol.166 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-48
    • Karakoc-Aydiner, E.1    Turan, S.2    Akpinar, I.3    Dede, F.4    Isguven, P.5    Adal, E.6
  • 48
    • 34250777878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How should we be treating children with congenital hypothyroidism?
    • LaFranchi SH, Austin J. How should we be treating children with congenital hypothyroidism? J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2007;20(5):559-78.
    • (2007) J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. , vol.20 , Issue.5 , pp. 559-578
    • LaFranchi, S.H.1    Austin, J.2
  • 49
    • 79958050643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for neurodevelopmental deficits in congenital hypothyroidism after early substitution treatment
    • Huo K, Zhang Z, Zhao D, Li H, Wang J, Wang X, et al. Risk factors for neurodevelopmental deficits in congenital hypothyroidism after early substitution treatment. Endocr J. 2011;58(5):355-61.
    • (2011) Endocr J. , vol.58 , Issue.5 , pp. 355-361
    • Huo, K.1    Zhang, Z.2    Zhao, D.3    Li, H.4    Wang, J.5    Wang, X.6
  • 50
  • 51
    • 0029931881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormone and attention in congenital hypothyroidism
    • Rovet J, Alvarez M. Thyroid hormone and attention in congenital hypothyroidism. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 1996;9(1):63-6.
    • (1996) J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-66
    • Rovet, J.1    Alvarez, M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.