Effects of clostridium difficile toxin A and B on human T lymphocyte migration

Toxins

Volumn 5, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 926-938

  Wu, Dan ^a   George Joyee, Antony ^a,b   Nandagopal, Saravanan ^a   Lopez, Marianela ^a   Ma, Xiuli ^a   Berry, Jody ^b,c   Lin, Francis ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA   (Canada)

^b Cangene Corporation   (Canada)

^c BD BIOSCIENCES   (United States)

Author keywords

C. difficile toxin A and B; Cell migration; Chemotaxis; Human T lymphocyte; Microfluidic device

Indexed keywords

CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE TOXIN A; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE TOXIN B;

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CELL MOTILITY; CELL VIABILITY; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN CELL CULTURE; LYMPHOCYTE MIGRATION; MIGRATION INHIBITION; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS;

ADULT; BACTERIAL PROTEINS; BACTERIAL TOXINS; CELL MOVEMENT; CELL SURVIVAL; CELLS, CULTURED; ENTEROTOXINS; HT29 CELLS; HUMANS; MICROFLUIDIC ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES; T-LYMPHOCYTES;

EID: 84878049742     PISSN: 20726651     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/toxins5050926     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Voth, D.E.; Ballard, J.D. Clostridium difficile toxins: Mechanism of action and role in disease. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2005, 18, 247-263.
2. Poutanen, S.M.; Simor, A.E. Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in adults. CMAJ 2004, 171, 51-58.
3. Elliott, B.; Chang, B.J.; Golledge, C.L.; Riley, T.V. Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea. Intern. Med. J. 2007, 37, 561-568.
4. Wilkins, T.D.; Lyerly, D.M. Clostridium difficile testing: After 20 years, still challenging. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2003, 41, 531-534.
5. Rupnik, M.; Dupuy, B.; Fairweather, N.F.; Gerding, D.N.; Johnson, S.; Just, I.; Lyerly, D.M.; Popoff, M.R.; Rood, J.I.; Sonenshein, A.L.; et al. Revised nomenclature of Clostridium difficile toxins and associated genes. J. Med. Microbiol. 2005, 54, 113-117.
6. Greco, A.; Ho, J.G.; Lin, S.J.; Palcic, M.M.; Rupnik, M.; Ng, K.K. Carbohydrate recognition by Clostridium difficile toxin A. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 2006, 13, 460-461.
7. Lima, A.A.; Lyerly, D.M.; Wilkins, T.D.; Innes, D.J.; Guerrant, R.L. Effects of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B in rabbit small and large intestine in vivo and on cultured cells in vitro. Infect. Immun. 1988, 56, 582-588.
8. Kuehne, S.A.; Cartman, S.T.; Heap, J.T.; Kelly, M.L.; Cockayne, A.; Minton, N.P. The role of toxin A and toxin B in Clostridium difficile infection. Nature 2010, 467, 711-713.
9. Just, I.; Gerhard, R. Large clostridial cytotoxins. Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol. 2004, 152, 23-47.
10. Brito, G.A.; Carneiro-Filho, B.; Oriá, R.B.; Destura, R.V.; Lima, A.A.; Guerrant, R.L. Clostridium difficile toxin A induces intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis and damage: Role of Gln and Ala-Gln in toxin A effects. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2005, 50, 1271-1278.
11. Brito, G.A.; Fujji, J.; Carneiro-Filho, B.A.; Lima, A.A.; Obrig, T.; Guerrant, R.L. Mechanism of Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced apoptosis in T84 cells. J. Infect. Dis. 2002, 186, 1438-1447.
12. Carneiro, B.A.; Fujii, J.; Brito, G.A.; Alcantara, C.; Oriá, R.B.; Lima, A.A.; Obrig, T.; Guerrant, R.L. Caspase and bid involvement in Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced apoptosis and modulation of toxin A effects by glutamine and alanyl-glutamine in vivo and in vitro. Infect. Immun. 2006, 74, 81-87.
13. Liu, T.S.; Musch, M.W.; Sugi, K.; Walsh-Reitz, M.M.; Ropeleski, M.J.; Hendrickson, B.A.; Pothoulakis, C.; Lamont, J.T.; Chang, E.B. Protective role of HSP72 against Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced intestinal epithelial cell dysfunction. Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Physiol. 2003, 284, C1073-C1082.
14. Fiorentini, C.; Fabbri, A.; Falzano, L.; Fattorossi, A.; Matarrese, P.; Rivabene, R.; Donelli, G. Clostridium difficile toxin B induces apoptosis in intestinal cultured cells. Infect. Immun. 1998, 66, 2660-2665.
15. Mahida, Y.R.; Galvin, A.; Makh, S.; Hyde, S.; Sanfilippo, L.; Borriello, S.P.; Sewell, H.F. Effect of Clostridium difficile toxin A on human colonic lamina propria cells: Early loss of macrophages followed by T-cell apoptosis. Infect. Immun. 1998, 66, 5462-5469.
16. Hippenstiel, S.; Schmeck, B.; N'Guessan, P.D.; Seybold, J.; Krüll, M.; Preissner, K.; Eichel-Streiber, C.V.; Suttorp, N. Rho protein inactivation induced apoptosis of cultured human endothelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2002, 283, L830-L838.
17. Warny, M.; Kelly, C.P. Monocytic cell necrosis is mediated by potassium depletion and caspase-like proteases. Am. J. Physiol. 1999, 276, C717-C724.
18. Kim, J.M.; Kim, J.S.; Jun, H.C.; Oh, Y.K.; Song, I.S.; Kim, C.Y. Differential expression and polarized secretion of CXC and CC chemokines by human intestinal epithelial cancer cell lines in response to Clostridium difficile toxin A. Microbiol. Immunol. 2002, 46, 333-342.
19. Kelly, C.P.; Becker, S.; Linevsky, J.K.; Joshi, M.A.; O'Keane, J.C.; Dickey, B.F.; LaMont, J.T.; Pothoulakis, C. Neutrophil recruitment in Clostridium difficile toxin A enteritis in the rabbit. J. Clin. Invest. 1994, 93, 1257-1265.
20. Lica, M.; Schulz, F.; Schelle, I.; May, M.; Just, I.; Genth, H. Difference in the biological effects of Clostridium difficile toxin B in proliferating and non-proliferating cells. Naunyn. Schmiedebergs. Arch. Pharmacol. 2011, 383, 275-283.
21. Tournier, J.N.; Rossi Paccani, S.; Quesnel-Hellmann, A.; Baldari, C.T. Anthrax toxins: A weapon to systematically dismantle the host immune defenses. Mol. Aspects Med. 2009, 30, 456-466.
22. Paccani, S.R.; Tonello, F.; Ghittoni, R.; Natale, M.; Muraro, L.; D'Elios, M.M.; Tang, W.J.; Montecucco, C.; Baldari, C.T. Anthrax toxins suppress T lymphocyte activation by disrupting antigen receptor signaling. J. Exp. Med. 2005, 201, 325-331.
23. Lin, F.; Butcher, E.C. T cell chemotaxis in a simple microfluidic device. Lab. Chip 2006, 6, 1462-1469.
24. Lin, F.; Baldessari, F.; Gyenge, C.C.; Sato, T.; Chambers, R.D.; Santiago, J.G.; Butcher, E.C. Lymphocyte electrotaxis in vitro and in vivo. J. Immunol. 2008, 181, 2465-2471.
25. Nandagopal, S.; Wu, D.; Lin, F. Combinatorial guidance by CCR7 ligands for T lymphocytes migration in co-existing chemokine fields. PLoS One 2011, 6, e18183.
26. Viola, A.; Contento, R.L.; Molon, B. T cells and their partners: The chemokine dating agency. Trends Immunol. 2006, 27, 421-427.
27. Kunkel, E.J.; Butcher, E.C. Chemokines and the tissue-specific migration of lymphocytes. Immunity 2002, 16, 1-4.
28. Kunkel, E.J.; Butcher, E.C. Plasma-cell homing. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2003, 3, 822-829.
29. Foxman, E.F.; Campbell, J.J.; Butcher, E.C. Multistep navigation and the combinatorial control of leukocyte chemotaxis. J. Cell. Biol. 1997, 139, 1349-1360.
30. Cyster, J.G. Chemokines, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and cell migration in secondary lymphoid organs. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2005, 23, 127-159.
31. Weninger, W.; von Andrian, U.H. Chemokine regulation of naïve T cell traffic in health and disease. Semin. Immunol. 2003, 15, 257-270.
32. Forster, R.; Davalos-Misslitz, A.C.; Rot, A. CCR7 and its ligands: Balancing immunity and tolerance. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2008, 8, 362-371.
33. Otero, C.; Groettrup, M.; Legler, D.F. Opposite fate of endocytosed CCR7 and its ligands: Recycling versus degradation. J. Immunol. 2006, 177, 2314-2323.
34. Schumann, K.; Lammermann, T.; Bruckner, M.; Legler, D.F.; Polleux, J.; Spatz, J.P.; Schuler, G.; Forster, R.; Lutz, M.B.; Sorokin, L. et al. Immobilized chemokine fields and soluble chemokine gradients cooperatively shape migration patterns of dendritic cells. Immunity 2010, 32, 703-713.
35. Gerhard, R.; Nottrott, S.; Schoentaube, J.; Tatge, H.; Olling, A.; Just, I. Glucosylation of Rho GTPases by Clostridium difficile toxin A triggers apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells. J. Med. Microbiol. 2008, 57, 765-770.
36. Kyne, L.; Warny, M.; Qamar, A.; Kelly, C.P. Asymptomatic carriage of Clostridium difficile and serum levels of IgG antibody against toxin A. N. Engl. J. Med. 2000, 342, 390-397.