Human dermal exposure to galaxolide from personal care products

International Journal of Cosmetic Science

Volumn 35, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 299-309

  Correia, P ^a,b   Cruz, A ^b   Santos, L ^a   Alves, A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PORTO   (Portugal)

^b POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE OF PORTO   (Portugal)

Author keywords

galaxolide; HPLC fluorescence detection; human dermal exposure risk; personal care products; QuEChERS

Indexed keywords

COSMETIC; GALAXOLIDE; MUSK; PERFUME; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCT; SHAMPOO; SOAP; TOOTHPASTE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL PARAMETERS; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; HYGIENE PRODUCT; QUALITY CONTROL;

BENZOPYRANS; COSMETICS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; HUMANS; LIMIT OF DETECTION; PERFUME;

EID: 84877818937     PISSN: 01425463     EISSN: 14682494     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/ics.12043     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Arbulu, M., Sampedro, M.C., Unceta, N., Gõmez-Caballero, A., Goicolea, M.A., and, Barrio, R.J., A retention time locked gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method based on stir-bar sorptive extraction and thermal desorption for automated determination of synthetic musk fragrances in natural and wastewaters. J. Chromatogr. A 1218 (20), 3048-3055 (2011).
2. OSPAR Comission. OSPAR Background Document on Musk Xylene and Other Musks. ISBN 1-904426-36-0 (2004).
3. Balk, F., and, Ford, R.A., Environmental risk assessment for the polycyclic musks AHTN and HHCB in the EU: I. Fate and exposure assessment. Toxicol. Lett. 111 (1-2), 57-79 (1999).
4. HERA. HERA (Human and Environmental Risk Assessment on Ingredients of Household Cleaning Products) Environmental Risk Assessment Polycyclic Musks AHTN (CAS 1506-02-1) and HHCB (CAS 122-05-05). (2004).
5. Clara, M., Gans, O., Windhofer, G., et al,. Occurrence of polycyclic musks in wastewater and receiving water bodies and fate during wastewater treatment. Chemosphere 82 (8), 1116-1123 (2011).
6. Chen, D., Zeng, X., Sheng, Y., Bi, X., Gui, H., Sheng, G., Fu, J., The concentrations and distribution of polycyclic musks in a typical cosmetic plant. Chemosphere 66 (2), 252-258 (2007).
7. Hu, Z., Shi, Y., Zhang, S., Niu, H., and, Cai, Y., Assessment of synthetic musk fragrances in seven wastewater treatment plants of Beijing, China. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 86 (3), 302-306 (2011).
8. Eschke, H.-D,. Synthetic musks in different water matrices. In: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry (, Rimkus, G., ed.), pp. 17-28. Springer Berlin, Heidelberg (2004).
9. Hu, Z., Shi, Y., and, Cai, Y., Reprint of: concentrations, distribution, and bioaccumulation of synthetic musks in the Haihe River of China. Chemosphere 85 (2), 262-267 (2011).
10. Moldovan, Z., Chira, R., and, Alder, A., Environmental exposure of pharmaceuticals and musk fragrances in the Somes River before and after upgrading the municipal wastewater treatment plant Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 16, 46-54 (2009).
11. Ramírez, N., Borrull, F., and, Marcé, R.M., Simultaneous determination of parabens and synthetic musks in water by stir-bar sorptive extraction and thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Sep. Sci. 35 (4), 580-588 (2012).
12. Silva, A., and, Nogueira, J., Stir-bar-sorptive extraction and liquid desorption combined with large-volume injection gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis of musk compounds in environmental water matrices. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 396 (5), 1853-1862 (2010).
13. Yang, C.-Y., and, Ding, W.-H., Determination of synthetic polycyclic musks in aqueous samples by ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 402 (4), 1723-1730 (2012).
14. Yang, J.-J., and, Metcalfe, C.D., Fate of synthetic musks in a domestic wastewater treatment plant and in an agricultural field amended with biosolids. Sci. Total Environ. 363 (1-3), 149-165 (2006).
15. Bruchet, A., Hochereau, C., Picard, C., Decottignies, V., Rodrigues, J., and, Janex-Habibi, M., Analysis of drugs and personal care products in French source and drinking waters: the analytical challenge and examples of application. Water Sci. Technol. 52 (8), 53-61 (2005).
16. Kupper, T., Berset, J.D., Etter-Holzer, R., Furrer, R., and, Tarradellas, J., Concentrations and specific loads of polycyclic musks in sewage sludge originating from a monitoring network in Switzerland. Chemosphere 54 (8), 1111-1120 (2004).
17. Peck, A., Kucklick, J., and, Schantz, M., Synthetic musk fragrances in environmental standard reference materials. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 387 (7), 2381-2388 (2007).
18. Rimkus, G.G., Polycyclic musk fragrances in the aquatic environment. Toxicol. Lett. 111 (1-2), 37-56 (1999).
19. Wu, S.-F., and, Ding, W.-H., Fast determination of synthetic polycyclic musks in sewage sludge and sediments by microwave-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 1217 (17), 2776-2781 (2010).
20. Aschmann, S., Arey, J., Atkinson, R., and, Simonich, S., Atmospheric lifetimes and fates of selected fragrance materials and volatile model compounds. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35 (18), 3595-3600 (2001).
21. Fromme, H., Lahrz, T., Piloty, M., Gebhart, H., Oddoy, A., and, Rüden, H., Occurrence of phthalates and musk fragrances in indoor air and dust from apartments and kindergartens in Berlin (Germany). Indoor Air 14 (3), 188-195 (2004).
22. Ramírez, N., Marcé, R.M., and, Borrull, F., Development of a thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for determining personal care products in air. J. Chromatogr. A 1217 (26), 4430-4438 (2010).
23. Regueiro, J., Garcia-Jares, C., Llompart, M., Lamas, J.P., and, Cela, R., Development of a method based on sorbent trapping followed by solid-phase microextraction for the determination of synthetic musks in indoor air. J. Chromatogr. A 1216 (14), 2805-2815 (2009).
24. Sofuoglu, A., Kiymet, N., Kavcar, P., and, Sofuoglu, S.C., Polycyclic and nitro musks in indoor air: a primary school classroom and a women's sport center. Indoor Air 20 (6), 515-522 (2010).
25. Peck, A.M., and, Hornbuckle, K.C., Synthetic musk fragrances in Lake Michigan. Environ. Sci. Technol. 38 (2), 367-382 (2004).
26. Upadhyay, N., Sun, Q., Allen, J.O., Westerhoff, P., and, Herckes, P., Synthetic musk emissions from wastewater aeration basins. Water Res. 45 (3), 1071-1078 (2011).
27. Lu, Y., Yuan, T., Yun, S., Wang, W., and, Kannan, K., Occurrence of synthetic musks in indoor dust from China and implications for human exposure. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 60 (1), 182-189 (2011).
28. Kannan, K., Reiner, J.L., Yun, S.H., Perrotta, E.E., Tao, L., Johnson-Restrepo, B., et al,. Polycyclic musk compounds in higher trophic level aquatic organisms and humans from the United States. Chemosphere 61 (5), 693-700 (2005).
29. Mottaleb, M.A., Usenko, S., O'Donnell, J.G., Ramirez, A.J., Brooks, B.W., and, Chambliss, C.K., Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry screening methods for select UV filters, synthetic musks, alkylphenols, an antimicrobial agent, and an insect repellent in fish. J. Chromatogr. A 1216 (5), 815-823 (2009).
30. Ramirez, A., Brain, R., Usenko, S., et al,. Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in fish: results of a national pilot study in the United States. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 28 (12), 2587-2597 (2009).
31. Subedi, B., Mottaleb, M.A., Chambliss, C.K., and, Usenko, S., Simultaneous analysis of select pharmaceuticals and personal care products in fish tissue using pressurized liquid extraction combined with silica gel cleanup. J. Chromatogr. A 1218 (37), 6278-6284 (2011).
32. HERA. HERA (Human and Environmental Risk Assessment on Ingredients of Household Cleaning Products) Risk Assessment of HHCB (1,3,4,6,7-hexahydro-4,6,6, 7,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-γ-2-benzopyran and related isomers). (2004).
33. Hutter, H.P., Wallner, P., Hartl, W., Uhl, M., Lorbeer, G., Gminski, R., Kundi, M., Higher blood concentrations of synthetic musks in women above fifty years than in younger women. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 213 (2), 124-130 (2010).
34. Hutter, H.P., Wallner, P., Moshammer, H., Hartl, W., Sattelberger, R., Lorbeer, G., Kundi, M., Synthetic musks in blood of healthy young adults: relationship to cosmetics use. Sci. Total Environ. 407 (17), 4821-4825 (2009).
35. Hutter, H.P., Wallner, P., Moshammer, H., Hartl, W., Sattelberger, R., Lorbeer, G., Kundi, M., Blood concentrations of polycyclic musks in healthy young adults. Chemosphere 59 (4), 487-492 (2005).
36. Kuklenyik, Z., Bryant, X.A., Needham, L.L., and, Calafat, A.M., SPE/SPME-GC/MS approach for measuring musk compounds in serum and breast milk. J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 858 (1-2), 177-183 (2007).
37. Liebl, B., Mayer, R., Ommer, S., Sönnichsen, C., and, Koletzko, B., Transition of Nitro Musks and Polycyclic Musks into Human Milk in: Short and Long Term Effects of Breast Feeding on Child Health (, Koletzko, B., Michaelsen, K.F., and, Hernell, O., eds), pp. 289-305. Springer, USA (2002).
38. Reiner, J., Wong, C., Arcaro, K., and, Kannan, K., Synthetic musk fragrances in human milk from the United States. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41 (11), 3815-3820 (2007).
39. Schlumpf, M., Kypke, K., Wittassek, M., et al,. Exposure patterns of UV filters, fragrances, parabens, phthalates, organochlor pesticides, PBDEs, and PCBs in human milk: correlation of UV filters with use of cosmetics. Chemosphere 81 (10), 1171-1183 (2010).
40. Cadby, P.A., Troy, W.R., and, Vey, M.G.H., Consumer exposure to fragrance ingredients: providing estimates for safety evaluation. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 36 (3), 246-252 (2002).
41. Reiner, J.L., and, Kannan, K., A survey of polycyclic musks in selected household commodities from the United States. Chemosphere 62 (6), 867-873 (2006).
42. Ford, R.A., Hawkins, D.R., Schwarzenbach, R., and, Api, A.M., The systemic exposure to the polycyclic musks, AHTN and HHCB, under conditions of use as fragrance ingredients: evidence of lack of complete absorption from a skin reservoir. Toxicol. Lett. 111 (1-2), 133-142 (1999).
43. SCCNFP. Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Cosmetic Products and Non-food Products (SCCNFP) Intended for Consumers. SCCNFP, Brussels (2002).
44. Api, A.M., and, Ford, R.A., Evaluation of the oral subchronic toxicity of HHCB (1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-γ-2- benzopyran) in the rat. Toxicol. Lett. 111 (1-2), 143-149 (1999).
45. Rogers, R., Isola, D., Jeng, C., Lefebvre, A., and, Smith, L., Simulated inhalation levels of fragrance materials in a surrogate air freshener formulation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39 (20), 7810-7816 (2005).
46. Roosens, L., Covaci, A., and, Neels, H., Concentrations of synthetic musk compounds in personal care and sanitation products and human exposure profiles through dermal application. Chemosphere 69 (10), 1540-1547 (2007).
47. Lu, Y., Yuan, T., Wang, W., and, Kannan, K., Concentrations and assessment of exposure to siloxanes and synthetic musks in personal care products from China. Environ. Pollut. 159 (12), 3522-3528 (2011).
48. Martínez-Girõn, A.B., Crego, A.L., González, M.J., and, Marina, M.L., Enantiomeric separation of chiral polycyclic musks by capillary electrophoresis: application to the analysis of cosmetic samples. J. Chromatogr. A 1217 (7), 1157-1165 (2010).
49. ® (HHCB) by HPLC. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 361 (2), 220-221 (1998).
50. Zhang, X., Yao, Y., Zeng, X., et al,. Synthetic musks in the aquatic environment and personal care products in Shanghai, China. Chemosphere 72 (10), 1553-1558 (2008).
51. Loretz, L., Api, A.M., Barraj, L., et al,. Exposure data for personal care products: hairspray, spray perfume, liquid foundation, shampoo, body wash, and solid antiperspirant. Food Chem. Toxicol. 44 (12), 2008-2018 (2006).
52. Loretz, L.J., Api, A.M., Barraj, L.M., et al,. Exposure data for cosmetic products: lipstick, body lotion, and face cream. Food Chem. Toxicol. 43 (2), 279-291 (2005).
53. Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on Cosmetic Products (recast) PE-CONS 3623/09, Brussels (2009).
54. Umbach, W., Cosmetics and Toiletries, 1st edn (, Sharp, D., ed.). Ellis Horwood Limited, England (1991).
55. Anastassiades, M., and, Lehotay, S.J., Fast and easy multiresidue method employing acetonitrile extraction/partitioning and "Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction" for the determination of pesticide residues in produce. J. AOAC Int. 86 (2), 412-431 (2003).
56. Williams, S.D., Chemistry and Technology of the Cosmetics and Toiletries Industry, 2nd edn. Blackie Academic & Professional, UK (1996).
57. Bester, K., Analysis of musk fragrances in environmental samples. J. Chromatogr. A 1216 (3), 470-480 (2009).
58. Ellison, S.L.R., Rosslein, M., and, Williams, A,. EURACHEM/CITAC Guide- Quantifying Uncer-tainty in Analytical Measurement, 2nd edn. EURACHEM/CITAC Working Group, United Kingdom (2000).
59. Ratola, N., Martins, L., and, Arminda, A., Ochratoxin A in wines-assessing global uncertainty associated with results. Anal. Chim. Acta 513, 319-324 (2004).
60. Ford, R., The human safety of the polycyclic musks AHTN anh HHCB in fragrances-a review. Deut. Lebensm. Rundsch. 94, 268-275 (1998).
61. Hall, B., Tozer, S., Safford, B., et al,. European consumer exposure to cosmetic products, a framework for conducting population exposure assessments. Food Chem. Toxicol. 45 (11), 2097-2108 (2007).