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Volumn 340, Issue 6132, 2013, Pages 577-581

Exoplanet habitability

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EARTH; FUTURE PROSPECT; MASS; ORBITAL FORCING; PLANETARY LANDFORM;

EID: 84877359343     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: 10959203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1232226     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (238)

References (69)
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    • note
    • The early Earth' s habitability is not fully understood, owing to a phenomenon dubbed the "faint young sun paradox." A few billion years ago, the Sun was 20 to 30% fainter than it is today, based on asteroseismology-constrained stellar evolution models (58). Yet, there is no evidence that Earth was frozen over during that time, and the mechanism (including the possibility of a higher concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases) for keeping Earth warm is not fully agreed upon.
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    • note
    • 2 atmosphere forms very early on by magma crystallization (59).
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    • note
    • Models in (10) do not include water clouds. Water clouds generally have a cooling effect on planet atmospheres and would extend the habitable zone inward of <0.99 AU.
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    • note
    • Liquid surface water may be detectable by the polarized ocean glint (specular reflection) with very futuristic space telescopes (60). In addition, variable visible-wavelength brightness attributed to clouds may indicate water oceans (61).
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    • Lab-cultured microorganisms have been observed at temperatures as high as 395 K (62), and evidence for intact microorganism DNA and RNA has been seen at 473 K (63). A slightly higher value of up to 500 K may be considered for stability of biomolecules (64).
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    • note
    • A relevant note is that scorching Mercury has water ice at its poles (65).
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    • note
    • At 100 to 200 nm, a quiet M star EUV flux is about a factor of 1000 lower than a solar-like star's flux. At 200 to 300 nm, the quiet M star EUV flux is about a factor of 100 lower.
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    • note
    • NASA recently selected the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) for launch in 2017. TESS is an all-sky survey that will discover thousands of exoplanets orbiting nearby stars, including the highly prized habitable-zone planets transiting M stars, the pool of planets suitable for atmospheric follow-up with the James Webb Space Telescope.
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* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.