Bureaucratic barriers limit local participatory governance in protected areas in Costa Rica

Conservation and Society

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 16-28

  Basurto, Xavier ^a  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

rea de Conservaci n Guanacaste; ACG; biodiversity; community based conservation; conservation; Costa Rica; decentralisation; governance; Indigenous Peoples and Local Community Conserved Territories and Areas (ICCAs); local participation; SINAC

Indexed keywords

EID: 84877143634     PISSN: 09724923     EISSN: 09753133     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4103/0972-4923.110942     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Ackerman, J. 2004. Co-governance for accountability: Beyond 'exit' and 'voice.' World Development 32(3): 447-463.
2. Allen, W.H. 2001. The green phoenix. Restoring the tropical forests of Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3. Andersson, K.P. 2004. Who talks with whom? The role of repeated interactions in decentralized forest governance. World Development 32(2): 233-249.
4. Andersson, K.P. and F. van Laerhoven. 2007. From local strongman to facilitator: institutional incentives for participatory municipal governance in Latin America. Comparative Political Studies 40(9): 1085-1111.
5. Arguedas, S. 2002. Estudio rápido de manejo para una muestra de 19 areas protegidas gerencialmente fuertes de Costa Rica. Report for Wildlife Conservation Society. San José, Costa Rica. Unpublished Document.
6. Arguedas, S. and J.M. Rodríguez. 2003. Algunas lecciones aprendidas: Sistema de areas protegidas de Costa Rica. Borrador Final. ELAP WCS. Unpublished document.
7. Baiocchi, G. 2001. Participation, activism, and politics: the Porto Allegre experiment and deliberative democracy theory. Politics & Society 29(1): 43-72.
8. Baland, J. and J. Platteau. 1996. Halting degradation of natural resources: is there a role for rural communities? Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
9. Barnard, G.S. 1982. Costa Rica: model for conservation in Latin America. The Nature Conservancy News 32: 7-11.
10. Barrett, C.B., K. Brandon, C. Gibson, and H. Gjertsen. 2001. Conserving tropical biodiversity amid weak institutions. BioScience 51(6): 497-502.
11. Basurto, X. 2007. Policy, governance, and local institutions for biodiversity conservation in Costa Rica. Ph.D. thesis. School of Public Administration and Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
12. Berkes, F. (ed.). 1989. Common property resources: ecology and community-based sustainable development. London: Belhaven Press.
13. Berkes, F. 2004. Rethinking community-based conservation. Conservation Biology 18: 621-630.
14. Bernard, H.R. 2006. Research methods in anthropology: qualitative and quantitative approaches. Berkeley, CA: Altamira Press.
15. Biesanz, R., K.Z. Biesanz, and M.H. Biesanz. 1982. The Costa Ricans. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
16. Biesanz, M.H., R. Biesanz, and K.Z. Biesanz. 1999. The Ticos. Culture and social change in Costa Rica. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
17. Bjorndal, K.A., A.B. Bolten, and S. Troëng. 2005. Population structure and genetic diversity in green turtles nesting at Tortuguero, Costa Rica, based on mitochondrial DNA control region sequences. Marine Biology 147(6): 1449-1457.
18. Blair, H. 2000. Participation and accountability at the periphery: democratic local governance in six countries. World Development 28(1): 21-39.
19. Blanco, R. 2002. El programa de Educación Biológica del Area de Conservación Guanacaste: Costos y oportunidades de financiamiento. B.A. thesis. Escuela Latinoamericana de Areas Protegidas (ELAP), San José, Costa Rica.
20. Blanco, R. 2004. Del machete y la carabina a la computadora. La evolución del Area de Conservación Guanacaste. World Heritage Site Publication. Area de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Available from the author.
21. Boza, M.A. 1993. Conservation in action: past, present, and future of the National Park System of Costa Rica. Conservation Biology 7(2): 239-247.
22. Brandon, K., K. Redford, and S. Sanderson (eds.). 1998. Parks in peril: people, politics, and protected areas. Washington, DC: Island Press.
23. Bräutigam, D. 2004. The people's budget? Politics, participation and pro-poor policy. Development Policy Review 22(6): 653-668.
24. Brechin, S., P. Wilshusen, C. Fortwangler, and P. West. 2002. Beyond the square wheel: toward a more comprehensive understanding of biodiversity conservation as social and political process. Society and Natural Resources 15(1): 41-64.
25. Brockett, C.H. and R.R. Gottfried. 2002. State policies and the preservation of forest cover: lessons from contrasting public-policy regimes in Costa Rica. Latin American Research Review 37(1): 7-40.
26. Brosius, P., A.L. Tsing, and C. Zerner. 1998. Representing communities: histories and politics of community-based natural resources management. Society and Natural Resources 11: 157-168.
27. Brown, J. and A. Kothari. 2002. Editorial. Parks 2(2): 1-4.
28. Campbell, L.M. 2002a. Conservation narratives in Costa Rica: conflict and co-existence. Development and Change 33: 29-56.
29. Campbell, L.M. 2002b. Conservation narratives and the 'received wisdom' of ecotourism: case studies from Costa Rica. International Journal of Sustainable Development 5(3): 300-325.
30. Castro, R. and G. Arias. 1998. Costa Rica: toward the sustainability of its forest resources. San José, Costa Rica: MINAE and FONAFIFO.
31. Chape, S., S. Blyth, L. Fish, P. Fox, and M. Spalding (eds.). 2003. United Nations list of protected areas. Cambridge: UNEP-WCMC.
32. Chapin, C. 2004. A challenge to conservationists. WorldWatch Magazine (November/December). www.worldwatch.org. Accessed on January 10, 2005.
33. Christen, C.A. 1994. Development and conservation on Costa Rica's Osa Peninsula, 1937-1977: a regional study of historical land use policy and practice in a small neotropical country. Ph.D. thesis. John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
34. Costa, A.C.G., C.P. Kottak, and R.M. Prado. 1997. The sociopolitical context of participatory development in northeastern Brazil. Human Organization 56(2): 138-146.
35. Daily, G. and K. Ellison. 2002. The quest to make conservation profitable. Covelo, CA: Island Press.
36. Durán, O. and J.M. Sánchez. 1989. Alcances del proceso de implementación del esquema organizativo del istema Nacional de Areas de Conservación. Proceedings of the MINEREM-SPN-OTS-FPN Workshop. La Selva Biological Station, November 17-18, 1989. Puerto Viejo de Sarapiquí, Costa Rica.
37. Edelman, M. 1992. The logic of the Latifundio. The large estates of northwestern Costa Rica since the late nineteenth century. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
38. Evans, S. 1999. The green republic. A conservation history of Costa Rica. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.
39. Evans, P. 2004. Development as institutional change: the pitfalls of monocropping and the potentials of deliberation. Studies in Comparative International Development 38(4): 30-52.
40. García, R. and L. Ortíz. 1991. Estudio Diagnóstico de las Áreas Protegidas de Costa Rica. Final Report. San José, Costa Rica.
41. Gómez, L.D. and J.M. Savage. 1983. Searchers on that rich coast: Costa Rican field biology, 1400-1980. In: Costa Rican natural history (ed. Janzen, D.H.). Pp. 1-11. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
42. Hayes, T.M. 2006. Parks, people, and forest protection: an institutional assessment of the effectiveness of protected areas. World Development 34(12): 2064-2075.
43. Janzen, D.H. (ed.). 1983. Costa Rican natural history. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
44. Janzen, D.H. 1986. Guanacaste National Park: tropical ecological and biocultural restoration. San José, Costa Rica: Universidad Estatal a Distancia.
45. Janzen, D.H. 2004. Setting up tropical biodiversity for conservation through non-damaging use: participation by parataxonomists. Journal of Applied Ecology 41: 181-187.
46. Janzen, D.H., W. Hallwachs, J. Jimenez, and R. Gámez. 1993. The role of the parataxonomists, inventory managers and taxonomists in Costa Rica's national biodiversity inventory. In: Biodiversity prospecting: using genetic resources for sustainable development (eds. Reid, W.V., S.A. Laird, C.A. Meyer, R. Gámez, A. Sittenfeld, D.H. Janzen, M.A. Gollin, et al.). Pp. 223-254. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.
47. Jones, J.R. 1992. Environmental issues and policies in Costa Rica: control of deforestation. Policy Studies Journal 20(4): 679-694.
48. Leader-Williams, N. and S.D. Albon. 1988. Allocation of resources for conservation. Nature 336(8): 533-535.
49. Lehmann, M. 1992. Deforestation and changing land-use patterns in Costa Rica. In: Changing tropical forests (eds. Steen, H.K. and R.P. Tucker). Pp. 58-76. Durham, NC: Forest History Society.
50. Lowry, A. and T.P. Donahue. 1994. Parks, politics, and pluralism: the demise of national parks in Togo. Society and Natural Resources 7: 321-329.
51. Ludwig, D., R. Hilborn, and C. Walters. 1993. Uncertainty, resource exploitation, and conservation: lessons from history. Science: 260(5104): 17-36.
52. Mansuri G., and V. Rao. 2004. Community-based and driven development: a critical review. The World Bank Research Observer 19(1): 1-39.
53. McCay, B.J. and J.A. Acheson (eds.). 1987. The question of the commons: the culture and ecology of communal resources. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
54. MINAE (Ministerio del Ambiente y Energia). 2004. Manual Institucional de Clases. Departamento de Recursos Humanos. San José, Costa Rica.
55. MINEREM (Ministerio de Recursos Naturales, Energia y Minas). 1990. Executive Decree number 20122 of August 25, 1990. San José, Costa Rica.
56. MINEREM-ACG (Ministerio de Recursos Naturales, Energia y Minas-Area de Conservación Guanacaste). 1990. Informe de Ejecución del Plan Operativo. Unpublished Internal Report. Area de Conservación Guanacaste. Santa Rosa, Guanacaste.
57. Molina, I. and S. Palmer. 2004. Historia de Costa Rica. Breve, actualizada y con ilustraciones. San José, Costa Rica: Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica.
58. Myers, N. 1981. The hamburger connection: how Central America's forests became North America's hamburgers. Ambio 10(1): 3-8.
59. Nygren, A. 1998. Environment as discourse: searching for sustainable development in Costa Rica. Environmental Values 7(2): 201-22.
60. Ostrom, E. 1990. Governing the commons: the evolution of institutions for collective action. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
61. Ostrom, E. and H. Nagendra. 2006. Insights on linking forests, trees, and people from the air, on the ground, and in the laboratory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103(51): 19224-19231.
62. Perrow, M.R. and A.J. Davy. 2002. Handbook of ecological restoration: Restoration in practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
63. Perry, J.A. and R.K. Dixon. 1986. An interdisciplinary approach to community resource management: preliminary field test in Thailand. Journal of Developing Areas 21(1): 31-47.
64. Pinkerton, E. (ed.). 1989. Co-operative management of local fisheries: new directions for improved management and community development. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
65. Ribot, J.C., A. Agrawal, and A.M. Larson. 2006. Recentralizing while decentralizing: how national governments reappropriate forest resources. World Development 34(11): 864-1886.
66. Robbins, P.F., A.K. Chhangani, J. Rice, E. Trigosa, and S.M. Mohnot. 2007. Enforcement authority and vegetation change at Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Rajasthan, India. Environmental Management 40: 365-378.
67. Robinson, M. 1995. Towards a new paradigm of community development. Community Development Journal 30(1): 21-30.
68. Sanchez-Azofeifa, G.A., M. Kalacska, M. Quesada, J.C. Calvo-Alvarado, J.M. Nassar, and J.P. Rodriguez. 2005. Need for integrated research for a sustainable future in tropical dry forests. Conservation Biology 19(2): 285-286.
69. Sanchez-Azofeifa, G.A., B. Rivard, J. Calvo, and I. Moorthy. 2002. Dynamics of tropical deforestation around national parks: Remote sensing of forest change on the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica. Mountain Research and Development 22(4): 352-358.
70. SINAC (Sistema Nacional de Areas de Conservación). 2009. http://www.sinac.go.cr Accessed on May 3, 2009.
71. SINAC-MINAE (Sistema Nacional de Areas de Conservación-Ministerio del Ambiente y Energia). 1996. Diagnóstico sobre las áareas de conservación. San José, Costa Rica: Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía.
72. SINAC-MINAE (Sistema Nacional de Areas de Conservación-Ministerio del Ambiente y Energia). 2002. Agenda para las áareas silvestres protegidas administradas por el SINAC. San José, Costa Rica: Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía.
73. Southworth, J., H. Nagendra, and D.K. Munroe. 2006. Are parks working? Exploring human-environment tradeoffs in protected area conservation. Applied Geography 26: 87-95.
74. Steinberg, P.F. 2001. Environmental leadership in developing countries. transnational relations and biodiversity policy in Costa Rica and Bolivia. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
75. Sundberg, J. 1998. NGO landscapes in the Maya Biosphere Reserve, Guatemala. The Geographical Review 88(3): 388-412.
76. Umaña, A. and K. Brandon. 1992. Inventing institutions for conservation: lessons from Costa Rica. In: Poverty, natural resoures, and public policy in Central America. U.S-Third World Policy Perspectives (ed. Annis, S.). No 17. Pp. 85-107. Overseas Development Council. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
77. Wallace, D.R. 1992. The quetzal and the macaw. The story of Costa Rica's national parks. San Francisco, CA: Sierra Club Books.
78. Wells, M., K. Brandon, and L. Hannah. 1992. People and parks: linking protected area management with local communities. Washington, DC: World Bank, World Wildlife Fund, and USAID.
79. West, P. and D. Brockington. 2006. An anthropological perspective on some unexpected consequences of protected areas. Conservation Biology 20(3): 609-616.
80. Western, D., M. Wright, and S. Strum (eds.). 1994. Natural connections: perspectives in community-based conservation. Washington, DC: Island Press.