Fifteen years of GH replacement improves body composition and cardiovascular risk factors

European Journal of Endocrinology

Volumn 168, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 745-753

  Elbornsson, Mariam ^a,b   Götherström, Galina ^a,b   Bosæus, Ingvar ^a   Bengtsson, Bengt Åke ^a,b   Johannsson, Gudmundur ^a,b   Svensson, Johan ^a,b  

^a SAHLGRENSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL; ESTROGEN; GLUCOSE; GROWTH HORMONE; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; SOMATOMEDIN C;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BODY COMPOSITION; BODY FAT; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER SURGERY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG DOSE TITRATION; DRUG EFFECT; FEMALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GONADOTROPIN DEFICIENCY; GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY; HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD LEVEL; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HUMAN; HYPOPHYSIS TUMOR; HYPOPITUITARISM; LEAN BODY WEIGHT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OPEN STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SEX DIFFERENCE; TREATMENT DURATION;

ABSORPTIOMETRY, PHOTON; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BLOOD GLUCOSE; BODY COMPOSITION; BODY MASS INDEX; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHOLESTEROL, HDL; CHOLESTEROL, LDL; FEMALE; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE; HUMANS; HYPOPITUITARISM; INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR I; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SEX FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84877105039     PISSN: 08044643     EISSN: 1479683X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1530/EJE-12-1083     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. de Boer H., Blok GJ & Van der Veen EA. Clinical aspects of growth hormone deficiency in adults. Endocrine Reviews 1995 16 63-86. (doi:10.1210/er.16.1.63)
2. Rosen T & Bengtsson BA. Premature mortality due to cardiovascular disease in hypopituitarism. Lancet 1990 336 285-288. (doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90) 91812-O)
3. Tomlinson JW, Holden N, Hills R.K., Wheatley K., Clayton RN, Bates AS, Sheppard MC & Stewart PM. Association between premature mortality and hypopituitarism. West Midlands Prospective Hypopituitary Study Group. Lancet 2001 357 425-431. (doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04006-X)
4. Boguszewski CL, Meister LH, Zaninelli DC & Radominski RB. One year of GH replacement therapy with a fixed low-dose regimen improves body composition, bone mineral density and lipid profile of GH-deficient adults. European Journal of Endocrinology 2005 152 67-75. (doi:10.1530/eje.1.01817)
5. Hazem A, Elamin MB, Bancos I, Malaga G., Prutsky G, Domecq JP, Elraiyah TA, Abu Elnour NO, Prevost Y. Almandoz JP et al. Therapy in endocrine disease: body composition and quality of life in adults treated with GH therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Endocrinology 2012 166 13-20. (doi:10.1530/ EJE-11-0558)
6. Hoffman AR, Kuntze JE, Baptista J, Baum H.B., Baumann GP, Biller BM, Clark RV, Cook D, Inzucchi S.E., Kleinberg D et al. Growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy in adult-onset GH deficiency: effects on body composition in men and women in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2004 89 2048-2056. (doi:10.1210/jc. 2003-030346)
7. Gibney J, Wallace JD, Spinks T, Schnorr L., Ranicar A, Cuneo RC, Lockhart S, Burnand K.G., Salomon F., Sonksen PH et al. The effects of 10 years of recombinant human growth hormone (GH) in adult GH-deficient patients. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1999 84 2596-2602. (doi:10.1210/jc.84.8. 2596)
8. Gotherstrom G, Bengtsson BA, Bosaeus I, Johannsson G & Svensson J. A 10-year, prospective study of the metabolic effects of growth hormone replacement in adults. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2007 92 1442-1445. (doi:10.1210/jc. 2006-1487)
9. van der Klaauw AA, Romijn JA, Biermasz NR, Smit J.W., van Doorn J, Dekkers OM, Roelfsema F & Pereira AM. Sustained effects of recombinant GH replacement after 7 years of treatment in adults with GH deficiency. European Journal of Endocrinology 2006 155 701-708. (doi:10.1530/eje.1.02283)
10. Arwert LI, Roos JC, Lips P, Twisk J.W., Manoliu RA & Drent ML. Effects of 10 years of growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy in adult GH-deficient men. Clinical Endocrinology 2005 63 310-316. (doi:10.1111/j.1365- 2265.2005.02343.x)
11. Fideleff HL, Boquete HR, Stalldecker G, Giaccio AV & Sobrado PG. Comparative results of a 4-year study on cardiovascular parameters, lipid metabolism, body composition and bone mass between untreated and treated adult growth hormone deficient patients. Growth Hormone & IGF Research 2008 18 318-324. (doi:10.1016/j.ghir.2008.01.002)
12. Svensson J, Fowelin J, Landin K., Bengtsson BA & Johansson JO. Effects of seven years of GH-replacement therapy on insulin sensitivity in GH-deficient adults. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2002 87 2121-2127. (doi:10.1210/jc.87.5. 2121)
13. Rosenfalck AM, Maghsoudi S, Fisker S., Jorgensen JO, Christiansen JS, Hilsted J, Volund AA & Madsbad S. The effect of 30 months of low-dose replacement therapy with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on insulin and C-peptide kinetics, insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, glucose effectiveness, and body composition in GH-deficient adults. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2000 85 4173-4181. (doi:10.1210/jc.85.11.4173)
14. Giavoli C, Porretti S, Ronchi C.L., Cappiello V., Ferrante E, Orsi E, Arosio M & Beck-Peccoz P. Long-term monitoring of insulin sensitivity in growth hormone-deficient adults on substitutive recombinant human growth hormone therapy. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental 2004 53 740-743. (doi:10.1016/j. metabol.2003.11.025)
15. Hwu CM, Kwok CF, Lai T.Y., Shih KC, Lee TS, Hsiao LC, Lee SH, Fang VS & Ho LT. Growth hormone (GH) replacement reduces total body fat and normalizes insulin sensitivity in GH-deficient adults: a report of one-year clinical experience. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1997 82 3285-3292. (doi:10.1210/jc.82.10.3285)
16. Yuen KC, Frystyk J, White D.K., Twickler TB, Koppeschaar HP, Harris PE, Fryklund L, Murgatroyd PR & Dunger DB. Improvement in insulin sensitivity without concomitant changes in body composition and cardiovascular risk markers following fixed administration of a very low growth hormone (GH) dose in adults with severe GH deficiency. Clinical Endocrinology 2005 63 428-436. (doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2005.02359.x)
17. Elbornsson M, Gotherstrom G, Bosaeus I., Bengtsson BA, Johannsson G & Svensson J. Fifteen years of GH replacement increases bone mineral density in hypopituitary patients with adult-onset GH deficiency. European Journal of Endocrinology 2012 166 787-795. (doi:10.1530/EJE-11-1072)
18. Johannsson G, Rosen T & Bengtsson BA. Individualized dose titration of growth hormone (GH) during GH replacement in hypopituitary adults. Clinical Endocrinology 1997 47 571-581. (doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1997.3271123.x)
19. Mazess RB, Barden HS, Bisek JP & Hanson J. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for total-body and regional bone-mineral and soft-tissue composition. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1990 51 1106-1112.
20. Kim J, Shen W, Gallagher D., Jones A Jr, Wang Z, Wang J, Heshka S & Heymsfield SB. Total-body skeletal muscle mass: estimation by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in children and adolescents. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2006 84 1014-1020.
21. Brabant G, von zur Muhlen A, Wuster C, Ranke MB, Kratzsch J, Kiess W, Ketelslegers JM, Wilhelmsen L, Hulthen L, Saller B et al. Serum insulin-like growth factor I reference values for an automated chemiluminescence immunoassay system: results from a multicenter study. Hormone Research 2003 60 53-60. (doi:10.1159/000071871)
22. Landin-Wilhelmsen K., Wilhelmsen L, Lappas G., Rosen T, Lindstedt G, Lundberg PA & Bengtsson BA. Serum insulin-like growth factor I in a random population sample of men and women: relation to age, sex, smoking habits, coffee consumption and physical activity, blood pressure and concentrations of plasma lipids, fibrinogen, parathyroid hormone and osteocalcin. Clinical Endocrinology 1994 41 351-357. (doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265. 1994.tb02556.x)
23. Svensson J, Johannsson G & Bengtsson BA. Insulin-like growth factor-I in growth hormone-deficient adults: relationship to population-based normal values, body composition and insulin tolerance test. Clinical Endocrinology 1997 46 579-586. (doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1997.1851001.x)
24. Friedewald WT, Levy RI & Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clinical Chemistry 1972 18 499-502.
25. Berg C, Rosengren A, Aires N., Lappas G, Toren K, Thelle D & Lissner L. Trends in overweight and obesity from 1985 to 2002 in Goteborg, West Sweden. International Journal of Obesity 2005 29 916-924. (doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802964)
26. Gotherstrom G, Elbornsson M, Stibrant-Sunnerhagen K, Bengtsson B.A., Johannsson G & Svensson J. Ten years of growth hormone (GH) replacement normalizes muscle strength in GH-deficient adults. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2009 94 809-816. (doi:10.1210/jc.2008-1538)
27. Lonn L, Johansson G, Sjostrom L., Kvist H, Oden A & Bengtsson BA. Body composition and tissue distributions in growth hormone deficient adults before and after growth hormone treatment. Obesity Research 1996 4 45-54. (doi:10.1002/j.1550-8528. 1996.tb00511.x)
28. Christou DD, Jones PP, Pimentel AE & Seals DR. Increased abdominal-to-peripheral fat distribution contributes to altered autonomic-circulatory control with human aging. American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology 2004 287 H1530-H1537. (doi:10.1152/ajpheart. 00322.2004)
29. Rudling M, Norstedt G, Olivecrona H., Reihner E, Gustafsson JA & Angelin B. Importance of growth hormone for the induction of hepatic low density lipoprotein receptors. PNAS 1992 89 6983-6987. (doi:10.1073/pnas.89.15.6983)
30. Christ ER, Cummings MH, Jackson N, Stolinski M., Lumb PJ, Wierzbicki AS, Sonksen PH, Russell-Jones DL & Umpleby AM. Effects of growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy on low-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B100 kinetics in adult patients with GH deficiency: a stable isotope study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2004 89 1801-1807. (doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031474)
31. Angelin B & Rudling M. Growth hormone and hepatic lipoprotein metabolism. Current Opinion in Lipidology 1994 5 160-165. (doi:10.1097/00041433- 199405030-00002)
32. Christ ER, Cummings MH, Albany E, Umpleby A.M., Lumb PJ, Wierzbicki AS, Naoumova RP, Boroujerdi MA, Sonksen PH & Russell-Jones DL. Effects of growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy on very low density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B100 kinetics in patients with adult GH deficiency: a stable isotope study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1999 84 307-316. (doi:10.1210/jc.84.1.307)
33. Carroll PV, Christ ER, Bengtsson B.A., Carlsson L., Christiansen JS, Clemmons D, Hintz R, Ho K., Laron Z, Sizonenko P et al. Growth hormone deficiency in adulthood and the effects of growth hormone replacement: a review. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1998 83 382-395. (doi:10.1210/jc.83.2.382)
34. Johansson JO, Fowelin J, Landin K., Lager I & Bengtsson BA. Growth hormone-deficient adults are insulin-resistant. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental 1995 44 1126-1129. (doi:10.1016/0026-0495(95)90004-7)
35. Attanasio AF, Jung H, Mo D., Chanson P, Bouillon R, Ho K.K., Lamberts SW, Clemmons DR & Hypo CCSIAB. Prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus in adult patients on growth hormone replacement for growth hormone deficiency: a surveillance database analysis. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2011 96 2255-2261. (doi:10.1210/jc.2011-0448)
36. Luger A, Mattsson AF, Koltowska-Haggstrom M, Thunander M., Goth M, Verhelst J & Abs R. Incidence of diabetes mellitus and evolution of glucose parameters in growth hormone-deficient subjects during growth hormone replacement therapy: a long-term observational study. Diabetes Care 2012 35 57-62. (doi:10.2337/dc11-0449)
37. Thunander M, Petersson C, Jonzon K., Fornander J, Ossiansson B, Torn C., Edvardsson S & Landin-Olsson M. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2008 82 247-255. (doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2008.07.022)
38. Holmer H, Svensson J, Rylander L., Johannsson G, Rosen T, Bengtsson B.A., Thoren M., Hoybye C, Degerblad M, Bramnert M et al. Nonfatal stroke, cardiac disease, and diabetes mellitus in hypopituitary patients on hormone replacement including growth hormone. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2007 92 3560-3567. (doi:10.1210/jc.2007-0458)
39. Svensson J, Bengtsson BA, Rosen T, Oden A & Johannsson G. Malignant disease and cardiovascular morbidity in hypopituitary adults with or without growth hormone replacement therapy. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2004 89 3306-3312. (doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031601)
40. Gaillard RC, Mattsson AF, Akerblad A.C., Bengtsson BA, Cara J, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Koltowska-Haggstrom M, Monson J.P., Saller B., Wilton P et al. Overall and cause-specific mortality in GH-deficient adults on GH replacement. European Journal of Endocrinology 2012 166 1069-1077. (doi:10.1530/EJE-11-1028)
41. van Bunderen C.C., van Nieuwpoort IC, Arwert LI, Heymans MW, Franken AA, Koppeschaar HP, van der Lely AJ & Drent ML. Does growth hormone replacement therapy reduce mortality in adults with growth hormone deficiency? Data from the Dutch National Registry of Growth Hormone Treatment in adults. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2011 96 3151-3159. (doi:10.1210/jc.2011- 1215)
42. Jorgensen AP, Fougner KJ, Ueland T, Gudmundsen O., Burman P, Schreiner T & Bollerslev J. Favorable long-term effects of growth hormone replacement therapy on quality of life, bone metabolism, body composition and lipid levels in patients with adult-onset growth hormone deficiency. Growth Hormone & IGF Research 2011 21 69-75. (doi:10.1016/j.ghir.2011.01.001)