Normal protein intake is required for body weight loss and weight maintenance, and elevated protein intake for additional preservation of resting energy expenditure and fat free mass

Journal of Nutrition

Volumn 143, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 591-596

  Soenen, Stijn ^a,b   Martens, Eveline A P ^a   Hochstenbach waelen, Ananda ^a,b   Lemmens, Sofie G T ^a,b   Westerterp plantenga, Margriet S ^a,b  

^a MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^b TOP INSTITUTE FOOD AND NUTRITION   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL; CREATININE; INSULIN;

ADULT; AGED; ANTHROPOMETRY; APPETITE; ARTICLE; BODY COMPOSITION; CALORIC INTAKE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; FAT FREE MASS; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HIP CIRCUMFERENCE; HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; INSULIN BLOOD LEVEL; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; KIDNEY FUNCTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLISM; NITROGEN URINE LEVEL; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PROTEIN INTAKE; RESTING ENERGY EXPENDITURE; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; ADULT; BASAL METABOLISM; BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS; BODY MASS INDEX; CALORIC RESTRICTION; DIET, REDUCING; DIETARY PROTEINS; ENERGY INTAKE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS; OBESITY; WEIGHT LOSS;

EID: 84876963237     PISSN: 00223166     EISSN: 15416100     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.167593     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Wilborn C, Beckham J, Campbell B, Harvey T, Galbreath M, La Bounty P, Nassar E, Wismann J, Kreider R. Obesity: prevalence, theories, medical consequences, management, and research directions. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2005;2:4-31.
2. Halton TL, Hu FB. The effects of high protein diets on thermogenesis, satiety and weight loss: a critical review. J Am Coll Nutr. 2004;23:373-85.
3. Krieger JW, Sitren HS, Daniels MJ, Langkamp-Henken B. Effects of variation in protein and carbohydrate intake on body mass and composition during energy restriction: a meta-regression 1. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83:260-74.
4. Lejeune MP, Kovacs EM, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Additional protein intake limits weight regain after weight loss in humans. Br J Nutr. 2005;93:281-9.
5. Noakes M, Keogh JB, Foster PR, Clifton PM. Effect of an energyrestricted, high-protein, low-fat diet relative to a conventional highcarbohydrate, low-fat diet on weight loss, body composition, nutritional status, and markers of cardiovascular health in obese women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;81:1298-306.
6. Sacks FM, Bray GA, Carey VJ, Smith SR, Ryan DH, Anton SD, McManus K, Champagne CM, Bishop LM, Laranjo N, et al. Comparison of weight-loss diets with different compositions of fat, protein, and carbohydrates. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:859-73.
7. Skov AR, Toubro S, Ronn B, Holm L, Astrup A. Randomized trial on protein vs carbohydrate in ad libitum fat reduced diet for the treatment of obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999;23:528-36.
8. Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Lejeune MP, Nijs I, van Ooijen M, Kovacs EM. High protein intake sustains weight maintenance after body weight loss in humans. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004;28:57-64.
9. Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Luscombe-Marsh N, Lejeune MPGM, Diepvens K, Nieuwenhuizen A, Engelen MPKJ, Deutz NEP, Azzout- Marniche D, Tome D, Westerterp KR. Dietary protein, metabolism, and body-weight regulation: dose-response effects. Int J Obes. 2006;30: S16-23.
10. Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Nieuwenhuizen A, Tome D, Soenen S, Westerterp KR. Dietary protein, weight loss, and weight maintenance. Annu Rev Nutr. 2009;29:21-41.
11. Larsen TM, Dalskov S, van Baak M, Jebb S, Kafatos A, Pfeiffer A, Martinez JA, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Kunesova M, Holst C, et al. The Diet, Obesity and Genes (Diogenes) Dietary Study in eight European countries: a comprehensive design for long-term intervention. Obes Rev. 2010;11:76-91.
12. Weigle DS, Breen PA, Matthys CC, Callahan HS, Meeuws KE, Burden VR, Purnell JQ. A high-protein diet induces sustained reductions in appetite, ad libitum caloric intake, and body weight despite compensatory changes in diurnal plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82:41-8.
13. Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Rolland V, Wilson SA, Westerterp KR. Satiety related to 24 h diet-induced thermogenesis during high protein carbohydrate vs high fat diets measured in a respiration chamber. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999;53:495-502.
14. Deibert P, Konig D, Schmidt-Trucksaess A, Zaenker KS, Frey I, Landmann U, Berg A. Weight loss without losing muscle mass in preobese and obese subjects induced by a high-soy-protein diet. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004;28:1349-52.
15. Hoy WE, Hughson MD, Bertram JF, Douglas-Denton R, Amann K. Nephron number, hypertension, renal disease, and renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:2557-64.
16. Martin WF, Armstrong LE, Rodriguez NR. Dietary protein intake and renal function. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2005;2:25.
17. Nickols-Richardson SM, Coleman MD, Volpe JJ, Hosig KW. Perceived hunger is lower and weight loss is greater in overweight premenopausal women consuming a low-carbohydrate/high-protein vs high-carbohydrate low-fat diet. J Am Diet Assoc. 2005;105:1433-7.
18. Soenen S, Hochstenbach-waelen A, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Efficacy of alpha-lactalbumin and milk protein on weight loss and body composition during energy restriction. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011;19:370-9.
19. Harris JA, Benedict FG. A biometric study of human basal metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1918;4:370-3.
20. Plasqui G, Soenen S, Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Westerterp KR. Measurement of longitudinal changes in body composition during weight loss and maintenance in overweight and obese subjects using airdisplacement plethysmography in comparison with the deuterium dilution technique. Int J Obes (Lond). 2011;35:1124-30.
21. Westerterp KR, Wouters L, van Marken Lichtenbelt WD. The Maastricht protocol for the measurement of body composition and energy expenditure with labeled water. Obes Res. 1995;3 Suppl 1:49-57.
22. Siri WE. Body composition from fluid spaces and density: analysis of methods. 1961. Nutrition. 1993;9:480-91, discussion 92.
23. Plasqui G, Soenen S, Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Westerterp KR. Measurement of longitudinal changes in body composition during weight loss and maintenance in overweight and obese subjects using airdisplacement plethysmography in comparison with the deuterium dilution technique. Int J Obes (Lond). 2011;35:1124-30.
24. Smeets AJ, Soenen S, Luscombe-Marsh ND, Ueland Ø, Westerterp- Plantenga MS. Energy expenditure, satiety, and plasma ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide 1, and peptide tyrosine-tyrosine concentrations following a single high-protein lunch. J Nutr. 2008;138:698-702.
25. Brouwer E. On simple formulae for calculating the heat expenditure and the quantities of carbohydrate and fat oxidized in metabolism of men and animals, from gaseous exchange and urine-N. Acta Physiol Pharmacol Neerl. 1957;6:795-802.
26. Philippaerts RM, Westerterp KR, Lefevre J. Doubly labelled water validation of three physical activity questionnaires. Int J Sports Med. 1999;20:284-9.
27. Baecke JA, Burema J, Frijters JE. A short questionnaire for the measurement of habitual physical activity in epidemiological studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 1982;36:936-42.
28. Westerterp KR, Meijer GA, Kester AD, Wouters L, ten Hoor F. Fat-free mass as a function of fat mass and habitual activity level. Int J Sports Med. 1992;13:163-6.
29. Baba NH, Sawaya S, Torbay N, Habbal Z, Azar S, Hashim SA. High protein vs high carbohydrate hypoenergetic diet for the treatment of obese hyperinsulinemic subjects. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999;23:1202-6.
30. Farnsworth E, Luscombe ND, Noakes M, Wittert G, Argyiou E, Clifton PM. Effect of a high-protein, energy-restricted diet on body composition, glycemic control, and lipid concentrations in overweight and obese hyperinsulinemic men and women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;78:31-9.
31. Layman DK, Boileau RA, Erickson DJ, Painter JE, Shiue H, Sather C, Christou DD. A reduced ratio of dietary carbohydrate to protein improves body composition and blood lipid profiles during weight loss in adult women. J Nutr. 2003;133:411-7.
32. Wolfe BM, Piche LA. Replacement of carbohydrate by protein in a conventional-fat diet reduces cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in healthy normolipidemic subjects. Clin Invest Med. 1999;22:140-8.
33. Brinkworth GD, Noakes M, Keogh JB, Luscombe ND, Wittert GA, Clifton PM. Long-term effects of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet on weight control and cardiovascular risk markers in obese hyperinsulinemic subjects. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004;28: 661-70.
34. Luscombe ND, Clifton PM, Noakes M, Farnsworth E, Wittert G. Effect of a high-protein, energy-restricted diet on weight loss and energy expenditure after weight stabilization in hyperinsulinemic subjects. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003;27:582-90.
35. Luscombe ND, Clifton PM, Noakes M, Parker B, Wittert G. Effects of energy-restricted diets containing increased protein on weight loss, resting energy expenditure, and the thermic effect of feeding in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2002;25:652-7.
36. Soenen S, Plasqui G, Smeets AJ, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Protein intake induced an increase in exercise stimulated fat oxidation during stable body weight. Physiol Behav. 2010;101:770-4.
37. Soenen S, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Changes in body fat percentage during body weight stable conditions of increased daily protein intake vs. control. Physiol Behav. 2010;101:635-8.
38. Leidy HJ, Carnell NS, Mattes RD, Campbell WW. Higher protein ntake preserves lean mass and satiety with weight loss in pre-obese and obese women. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007;15:421-9.
39. Keogh JB, Luscombe-Marsh ND, Noakes M, Wittert GA, Clifton PM. Long-term weight maintenance and cardiovascular risk factors are not different following weight loss on carbohydrate-restricted diets high in either monounsaturated fat or protein in obese hyperinsulinaemic men and women. Br J Nutr. 2007;97:405-10.