Pediatric urinary tract infection: Does the evidence support aggressively pursuing the diagnosis?

Annals of Emergency Medicine

Volumn 61, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 559-565

  Newman, David H ^a   Shreves, Ashley E ^a   Runde, Daniel P ^b  

^a MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b Columbia University ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; SUCCIMER; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS; ARTICLE; BLADDER CATHETERIZATION; CLINICAL FEATURE; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; FEVER; HUMAN; KIDNEY INJURY; KIDNEY SCAR; KIDNEY SCINTISCANNING; KIDNEY SURGERY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPHYLAXIS; SEPSIS; URINALYSIS; URINARY TRACT INFECTION; VESICOURETERAL REFLUX; ADOLESCENT; CHILD; COMPLICATION; FEMALE; MALE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS;

ADOLESCENT; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; FEVER; HUMANS; MALE; PREVALENCE; SEPSIS; URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS;

EID: 84876723979     PISSN: 01960644     EISSN: 10976760     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.10.034     Document Type: Review

References (68)

1. L.J. Baraff Management of infants and young children with fever without source Pediatr Ann 37 2008 673 679
2. K.B. Roberts A synopsis of the American Academy of Pediatrics' practice parameter on the diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of the initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and young children Pediatr Rev 20 1999 344 347
3. A.L. Freedman Urologic Diseases in America Project Urologic diseases in North America Project: trends in resource utilization for urinary tract infections in children J Urol 173 2005 949 954
4. N. Shaikh, N.E. Morone, J. Lopez Does this child have a urinary tract infection? JAMA 298 2007 2895
5. J.L. Still, D. Cottom Severe hypertension in childhood Arch Dis Child 42 1967 2895 2904
6. J.M. Smellie, N.P. Prescod, P.J. Shaw Childhood reflux and urinary infection: a follow-up of 10-41 years in 226 adults Pediatr Nephrol 12 1998 34 39
7. R.S. Arze, J.M. Ramos, J.P. Owen The natural history of chronic pyelonephritis in the adult QJM 51 1982 396 410
8. D.G. Gill, B. Mendes de Costa, J.S. Cameron Analysis of 100 children with severe and persistent hypertension Arch Dis Child 51 1976 951 956
9. K.B. Roberts Subcommittee on Urinary Tract Infection, Steering Committee on Quality Improvement and Management Urinary tract infection: clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of the initial UTI in febrile infants and children 2 to 24 months Pediatrics 128 2011 595 610
10. K.A. Merritt, P.A. Ornstein, B. Spicker Children's memory for a salient medical procedure: implications for testimony Pediatrics 94 1994 17 23
11. C. Kleiber, A.M. McCarthy Parent behavior and child distress during urethral catheterization J Soc Pediatr Nurs 4 1999 95 104
12. P.P. Mularoni, L.L. Cohen, M. DeGuzman A randomized clinical trial of lidocaine gel for reducing infant distress during urethral catheterization Pediatr Emerg Care 25 2009 439 443
13. J.A. Lohr, S.M. Downs, S. Dudley Hospital-acquired urinary tract infections in the pediatric patient: a prospective study Pediatr Infect Dis J 13 1994 8 12
14. A. Hoberman, E.R. Wald, E.A. Reynolds Pyuria and bacteriuria in urine specimens obtained by catheter from young children with fever J Pediatr 124 1994 513 519
15. C.M. Kunin, I. Southall, A.J. Paquin Epidemiology of urinary-tract infections. A pilot study of 3057 school children N Engl J Med 263 1960 817 823
16. B.K. Jha, Y.I. Singh Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in school going children in Pokhara Valley Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 5 2007 81 84
17. C.S. Kumar, A. Jairam, S. Chetan Asymptomatic bacteriuria in school going children Indian J Med Microbiol 20 2002 29 32
18. C. Bengtsson, U. Bengtsson, C. Björkelund Bacteriuria in a population sample of women: 24-year follow-up study: results from the prospective population-based study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden Scand J Urol Nephrol 32 1998 284 289
19. T.M. Hooton, D. Scholes, A.E. Stapleton A prospective study of asymptomatic bacteriuria in sexually active young women N Engl J Med 343 2000 992 997
20. N. Shaikh, N.E. Morone, J.E. Bost Prevalence of urinary tract infection in childhood: a meta-analysis Pediatr Infect Dis J 27 2008 302 308
21. R.S. Watson, J.A. Carcillo, W.T. Linde-Zwirble The epidemiology of severe sepsis in children in the United States Am J Respir Crit Care Med 167 2003 695 701
22. R.S. Watson, J.A. Carcillo Scope and epidemiology of pediatric sepsis Pediatr Crit Care Med 6 2005 S3 S5
23. N. Shaikh, A.L. Ewing, S. Bhatnagar Risk of renal scarring in children with a first urinary tract infection: a systematic review Pediatrics 126 2010 1084 1091
24. W.C. Faust, M. Diaz, H.G. Pohl Incidence of post-pyelonephritic renal scarring: a metaanalysis of the dimercapto-succinic acid literature J Urol 181 2009 290 297
25. K.N. Shaw, M.H. Gorelick Urinary tract infection in the pediatric patient Pediatr Clin North Am 46 1999 1111 1124
26. U.B. Berg, S.B. Johansson Age as a main determinant of renal functional damage in urinary tract infection Arch Dis Child 58 1983 963 969
27. U.B. Berg Long-term followup of renal morphology and function in children with recurrent pyelonephritis J Urol 148 5 pt 2 1992 1715 1720
28. U.B. Berg Renal dysfunction in recurrent urinary tract infections in childhood Pediatr Nephrol 3 1989 9 15
29. A. Aperia, U. Berg, O. Broberger Renal function during hydropenia and water diuresis in children with recurrent urinary tract infections Acta Paediatr Scand 59 1970 605 612
30. P.L. Calcagno, J.B. D'Albora, L.U. Tina Alterations in renal cortical blood flow in infants and children with urinary tract infections Pediatr Res 2 1968 332 351
31. J. Martinell, G. Lidin-Janson, R. Jagenburg Girls prone to urinary infections followed into adulthood. Indices of renal disease Pediatr Nephrol 10 1996 139 142
32. M. Wennerstrom, S. Hansson, U. Jodal Renal function 16 to 26 years after the first urinary tract infection in childhood Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 154 2000 339
33. J. Salo, R. Ikäheimo, T. Tapiainen Childhood urinary tract infections as a cause of chronic kidney disease Pediatrics 128 2011 840 847
34. L. Chen, M.D. Baker Racial and ethnic differences in the rates of urinary tract infections in febrile infants in the emergency department Pediatr Emerg Care 22 2006 485 487
35. A.L. Hsiao, L. Chen, M.D. Baker Incidence and predictors of serious bacterial infections among 57- to 180-day-old infants Pediatrics 117 2006 1695 1701
36. United States Renal Data System USRDS 2011 annual data report United States Renal Data System Web site http://www.usrds.org/adr.htm Accessed May 20, 2012
37. A.L. Winter, B.E. Hardy, D.J. Alton Acquired renal scars in children J Urol 129 1983 1190 1194
38. J.M. Smellie, A. Poulton, N.P. Prescod Retrospective study of children with renal scarring associated with reflux and urinary infection BMJ 308 1994 1193 1196
39. I.K. Hewitt, P. Zucchetta, L. Rigon Early treatment of acute pyelonephritis in children fails to reduce renal scarring: data from the Italian Renal Infection Study Trials Pediatrics 122 2008 486 490
40. D. Benador, T.J. Neuhaus, J.P. Papazyan Randomised controlled trial of three day versus 10 day intravenous antibiotics in acute pyelonephritis: effect on renal scarring Arch Dis Child 84 2001 241 246
41. A. Hoberman, E.R. Wald, R.W. Hickey Oral versus initial intravenous therapy for urinary tract infections in young febrile children Pediatrics 104 1999 79 86
42. F. Bouissou, C. Munzer, S. Decramer Prospective, randomized trial comparing short and long intravenous antibiotic treatment of acute pyelonephritis in children: dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphic evaluation at 9 months Pediatrics 121 2008 e553 e560
43. J.M. Fernández-Menéndez, S. Málaga, J.L. Matesanz Risk factors in the development of early technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scintigraphy lesions during first urinary tract infection in children Acta Paediatr 92 2003 21 26
44. Y.J. Lee, J.H. Lee, Y.S. Park Risk factors for renal scar formation in infants with first episode of acute pyelonephritis: a prospective clinical study J Urol 187 2012 1032 1036
45. D. Doganis, K. Siafas, M. Mavrikou Does early treatment of urinary tract infection prevent renal damage? Pediatrics 120 4 2007 e922 e928
46. M.M. Oh, J.W. Kim, M.G. Park The impact of therapeutic delay time on acute scintigraphic lesion and ultimate scar formation in children with first febrile UTI Eur J Pediatr 171 2012 565 570
47. B. Dai, Y. Liu, J. Jia Long-term antibiotics for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis Arch Dis Child 95 2010 499 508
48. M. Pennesi North East Italy Prophylaxis in VUR Study Group Is antibiotic prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux effective in preventing pyelonephritis and renal scars? a randomized, controlled trial Pediatrics 121 2008 1489 1494
49. J.C. Craig Prevention of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Children With Vesicoureteric Reflux and Normal Renal Tracts (PRIVENT) Investigators Antibiotic prophylaxis and recurrent urinary tract infection in children [published correction appears in N Engl J Med. 2010;362:1250] N Engl J Med 361 2009 1748 1759
50. P. Brandström, T. Nevéus, R. Sixt The Swedish reflux trial in children: IV. Renal damage J Urol 184 2010 292 297
51. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) Randomized intervention for children with vesicoureteral reflux (RIVUR) http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00405704 Accessed December 12, 2012
52. E.M. Hodson, D.M. Wheeler, D. Vimalchandra Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux Cochrane Database Syst Rev 6 2011 CD001532
53. A. Piepsz, T. Tamminen-Mobius, C. Reiners Five-year study of medical or surgical treatment in children with severe vesico-ureteral reflux dimercaptosuccinic acid findings Eur J Pediatr 157 1998 753 758
54. J.M. Smellie, T.M. Barratt, C. Chantler Medical versus surgical treatment in children with severe bilateral vesicoureteric reflux and bilateral nephropathy: a randomised trial Lancet 357 2001 1329 1333
55. U. Jodal, J.M. Smellie, H. Lax Ten-year results of randomized treatment of children with severe vesicoureteral reflux. Final report of the International Reflux Study in Children Pediatr Nephrol 21 2006 785 792
56. A. Hoberman, M. Charron, R.W. Hickey Imaging studies after a first febrile urinary tract infection in young children N Engl J Med 348 2003 195 202
57. T. Jahnukainen, O. Honkinen, O. Ruuskanen Ultrasonography after the first febrile urinary tract infection in children Eur J Pediatr 165 2006 556 559
58. J.M. Stansfeld Clinical observations relating to incidence and aetiology of urinary-tract infections in children Br Med J 1 1966 631 635
59. J. Lapides, E.C. Anderson, A.F. Petrone Urinary-tract infection in children JAMA 195 1966 248 253
60. J.M. Fernández-Menéndez, C. Pérez-Méndez Early antibiotic treatment of pyelonephritis in children is still mandatory Pediatrics 123 2009 e173
61. D. Doganis, K. Sinaniotis Early antibiotic treatment of pyelonephritis in children is still mandatory Pediatrics 123 2009 e173 e174
62. P. Glasziou, C. del Mar, S. Sanders Antibiotics for acute otitis media in children Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1 2004 CD000219
63. C.B. Del Mar, P.P. Glasziou, A.B. Spinks Antibiotics for sore throat Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4 2006 CD000023
64. B. Arroll, T. Kenealy Are antibiotics effective for acute purulent rhinitis? systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo controlled randomised trials BMJ 333 2006 279 281
65. A. Ahovuo-Saloranta, U.-M. Rautakorpi, O.V. Borisenko Antibiotics for acute maxillary sinusitis Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2 2008 CD000243
66. J. Smucny, T. Fahey, L. Becker Antibiotics for acute bronchitis Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4 2004 CD000245
67. N.K. Tse, S.L. Yuen, M.C. Chiu Imaging studies for first urinary tract infection in infants less than 6 months old: can they be more selective? Pediatr Nephrol 24 2009 1699 1703
68. A.R. Schroeder, J.M. Abidari, R. Kirpekar Impact of a more restrictive approach to urinary tract imaging after febrile urinary tract infection Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 165 2011 1027 1032