Leukoaraiosis on magnetic resonance imaging correlates with worse outcomes after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

Stroke

Volumn 44, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 642-646

  Caprio, Fan Z ^a   Maas, Matthew B ^a   Rosenberg, Neil F ^a   Kosteva, Adam R ^a   Bernstein, Richard A ^a   Alberts, Mark J ^a   Prabhakaran, Shyam ^a   Naidech, Andrew M ^a  

^a NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Functional recovery; Intracerebral hemorrhage; Leukoaraiosis; Magnetic resonance imaging; Outcomes; White matter disease

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; BRAIN VENTRICLE; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LEUKOARAIOSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH STROKE SCALE; NEUROIMAGING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RANKIN SCALE; WHITE MATTER;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; LEUKOARAIOSIS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROGNOSIS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX;

EID: 84876273287     PISSN: 00392499     EISSN: 15244628     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.676890     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Broderick JP, Adams HP Jr, Barsan W, Feinberg W, Feldmann E, Grotta J, et al. Guidelines for the management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a statement for healthcare professionals from a special writing group of the Stroke Council, American Heart Association. Stroke. 1999;30:905-915.
2. Broderick J, Connolly S, Feldmann E, Hanley D, Kase C, Krieger D, et al; American Heart Association; American Stroke Association Stroke Council; High Blood Pressure Research Council; Quality of Care and Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Group. Guidelines for the management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in adults: 2007 update: a guideline from the American Heart Association/ American Stroke Association Stroke Council, High Blood Pressure Research Council, and the Quality of Care and Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Group. Stroke. 2007;38:2001-2023.
3. Counsell C, Boonyakarnkul S, Dennis M, Sandercock P, Bamford J, Burn J, et al. Primary intracerebral haemorrhage in the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project, 2: Prognosis. Cerebrovasc Dis. 1995;5:26-344
4. Flaherty ML, Haverbusch M, Sekar P, Kissela B, Kleindorfer D, Moomaw CJ, et al. Long-term mortality after intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology. 2006;66:1182-1186.
5. Ovbiagele B, Saver JL. Cerebral white matter hyperintensities on MRI: current concepts and therapeutic implications. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2006;22:83-90.
6. Ay H, Arsava EM, Rosand J, Furie KL, Singhal AB, Schaefer PW, et al. Severity of leukoaraiosis and susceptibility to infarct growth in acute stroke. Stroke. 2008;39:1409-1413.
7. Kuller LH, Longstreth WT Jr, Arnold AM, Bernick C, Bryan RN, Beauchamp NJ Jr; Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. White matter hyperintensity on cranial magnetic resonance imaging: a predictor of stroke. Stroke. 2004;35:1821-1825.
8. Arsava EM, Rahman R, Rosand J, Lu J, Smith EE, Rost NS, et al. Severity of leukoaraiosis correlates with clinical outcome after ischemic stroke. Neurology. 2009;72:1403-1410.
9. Inzitari D, Giordano GP, Ancona AL, Pracucci G, Mascalchi M, Amaducci L. Leukoaraiosis, intracerebral hemorrhage, and arterial hypertension. Stroke. 1990;21:1419-1423.
10. Leys D, Englund E, Del Ser T, Inzitari D, Fazekas F, Bornstein N, et al. White matter changes in stroke patients. Relationship with stroke subtype and outcome. Eur Neurol. 1999;42:67-75.
11. Inzitari D, Pracucci G, Poggesi A, Carlucci G, Barkhof F, Chabriat H, et al; LADIS Study Group. Changes in white matter as determinant of global functional decline in older independent outpatients: three year follow-up of LADIS (leukoaraiosis and disability) study cohort. BMJ. 2009;339:b2477.
12. Prins ND, van Dijk EJ, den Heijer T, Vermeer SE, Koudstaal PJ, Oudkerk M, et al. Cerebral white matter lesions and the risk of dementia. Arch Neurol. 2004;61:1531-1534.
13. Fan YH, Zhang L, Lam WW, Mok VC, Wong KS. Cerebral microbleeds as a risk factor for subsequent intracerebral hemorrhages among patients with acute ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2003;34:2459-2462.
14. Görner A, Lemmens R, Schrooten M, Thijs V. Is leukoaraiosis on CT an accurate surrogate marker for the presence of microbleeds in acute stroke patients? J Neurol. 2007;254:284-289.
15. Naka H, Nomura E, Wakabayashi S, Kajikawa H, Kohriyama T, Mimori Y, et al. Frequency of asymptomatic microbleeds on T2*-weighted MR images of patients with recurrent stroke: association with combination of stroke subtypes and leukoaraiosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2004;25:714-719.
16. Smith EE, Rosand J, Knudsen KA, Hylek EM, Greenberg SM. Leukoaraiosis is associated with warfarin-related hemorrhage following ischemic stroke. Neurology. 2002;59:193-197.
17. Neumann-Haefelin T, Hoelig S, Berkefeld J, Fiehler J, Gass A, Humpich M, et al; MR Stroke Group. Leukoaraiosis is a risk factor for symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage after thrombolysis for acute stroke. Stroke. 2006;37:2463-2466.
18. Selekler K, Erzen C. Leukoaraiosis and intracerebral hematoma. Stroke. 1989;20:1016-1020.
19. Smith EE, Gurol ME, Eng JA, Engel CR, Nguyen TN, Rosand J, et al. White matter lesions, cognition, and recurrent hemorrhage in lobar intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology. 2004;63:1606-1612.
20. Smith EE. Leukoaraiosis and stroke. Stroke. 2010;41(10 Suppl):S139-S143.
21. Garg RK, Liebling SM, Maas MB, Nemeth AJ, Russell EJ, Naidech AM. Blood pressure reduction, decreased diffusion on MRI, and outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke. 2012;43:67-71.
22. Hemphill JC III, Bonovich DC, Besmertis L, Manley GT, Johnston SC. The ICH score: a simple, reliable grading scale for intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke. 2001;32:891-897.
23. Hemphill JC III, Farrant M, Neill TA Jr. Prospective validation of the ICH Score for 12-month functional outcome. Neurology. 2009;73:1088-1094.
24. Naidech AM, Jovanovic B, Liebling S, Garg RK, Bassin SL, Bendok BR, et al. Reduced platelet activity is associated with early clot growth and worse 3-month outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke. 2009;40:2398-2401.
25. Fazekas F, Barkhof F, Wahlund LO, Pantoni L, Erkinjuntti T, Scheltens P, et al. CT and MRI rating of white matter lesions. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2002;13 (Suppl 2):31-36.
26. Fazekas F, Chawluk JB, Alavi A, Hurtig HI, Zimmerman RA. MR signal abnormalities at 1.5 T in Alzheimer's dementia and normal aging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1987;149:351-356.
27. Wahlund LO, Barkhof F, Fazekas F, Bronge L, Augustin M, Sjögren M, et al; European Task Force on Age-Related White Matter Changes. A new rating scale for age-related white matter changes applicable to MRI and CT. Stroke. 2001;32:1318-1322.
28. Kapeller P, Barber R, Vermeulen RJ, Adèr H, Scheltens P, Freidl W, et al; European Task Force of Age Related White Matter Changes. Visual rating of age-related white matter changes on magnetic resonance imaging: scale comparison, interrater agreement, and correlations with quantitative measurements. Stroke. 2003;34:441-445.
29. Gouw AA, Van der Flier WM, van Straaten EC, Barkhof F, Ferro JM, Baezner H, et al; LADIS Study Group. Simple versus complex assessment of white matter hyperintensities in relation to physical performance and cognition: the LADIS study. J Neurol. 2006;253:1189-1196.
30. Gouw AA, van der Flier WM, Fazekas F, van Straaten EC, Pantoni L, Poggesi A, et al; LADIS Study Group. Progression of white matter hyperintensities and incidence of new lacunes over a 3-year period: the Leukoaraiosis and Disability study. Stroke. 2008;39:1414-1420.
31. Banks JL, Marotta CA. Outcomes validity and reliability of the modified Rankin scale: implications for stroke clinical trials: a literature review and synthesis. Stroke. 2007;38:1091-1096.
32. Wilson JT, Hareendran A, Grant M, Baird T, Schulz UG, Muir KW, et al. Improving the assessment of outcomes in stroke: use of a structured interview to assign grades on the modified Rankin Scale. Stroke. 2002;33:2243-2246.
33. Mayer SA, Brun NC, Begtrup K, Broderick J, Davis S, Diringer MN, et al; FAST Trial Investigators. Efficacy and safety of recombinant activated factor VII for acute intracerebral hemorrhage. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:2127-2137.
34. van Dijk EJ, Prins ND, Vrooman HA, Hofman A, Koudstaal PJ, Breteler MM. Progression of cerebral small vessel disease in relation to risk factors and cognitive consequences: Rotterdam Scan study. Stroke. 2008;39:2712-2719.
35. Park K, Yasuda N, Toyonaga S, Yamada SM, Nakabayashi H, Nakasato M, et al. Significant association between leukoaraiosis and metabolic syndrome in healthy subjects. Neurology. 2007;69:974-978.
36. Streifler JY, Eliasziw M, Benavente OR, Hachinski VC, Fox AJ, Barnett HJ. Lack of relationship between leukoaraiosis and carotid artery disease. The North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial. Arch Neurol. 1995;52:21-24.
37. Anan F, Masaki T, Eto T, Iwao T, Shimomura T, Umeno Y, et al. Visceral fat accumulation is a significant risk factor for white matter lesions in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients. Eur J Clin Invest. 2009;39:368-374.
38. Wiszniewska M, Devuyst G, Bogousslavsky J, Ghika J, van Melle G. What is the significance of leukoaraiosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke? Arch Neurol. 2000;57:967-973.
39. Khan U, Porteous L, Hassan A, Markus HS. Risk factor profile of cerebral small vessel disease and its subtypes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr. 2007;78:702-706.
40. Grefkes C, Nowak DA, Eickhoff SB, Dafotakis M, Küst J, Karbe H, et al. Cortical connectivity after subcortical stroke assessed with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Ann Neurol. 2008;63:236-246.
41. O'Sullivan M, Lythgoe DJ, Pereira AC, Summers PE, Jarosz JM, Williams SC, et al. Patterns of cerebral blood flow reduction in patients with ischemic leukoaraiosis. Neurology. 2002;59:321-326.
42. Longstreth WT Jr, Arnold AM, Beauchamp NJ Jr, Manolio TA, Lefkowitz D, Jungreis C, et al. Incidence, manifestations, and predictors of worsening white matter on serial cranial magnetic resonance imaging in the elderly: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Stroke. 2005;36:56-61.
43. van den Heuvel DM, ten Dam VH, de Craen AJ, Admiraal-Behloul F, Olofsen H, Bollen EL, et al. Increase in periventricular white matter hyperintensities parallels decline in mental processing speed in a non-demented elderly population. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr. 2006;77:149-153.
44. Selden NR, Gitelman DR, Salamon-Murayama N, Parrish TB, Mesulam MM. Trajectories of cholinergic pathways within the cerebral hemispheres of the human brain. Brain. 1998;121(Pt 12):2249-2257.
45. de Groot JC, de Leeuw FE, Oudkerk M, van Gijn J, Hofman A, Jolles J, et al. Cerebral white matter lesions and cognitive function: the Rotterdam Scan Study. Ann Neurol. 2000;47:145-151.