PITX2: A promising predictive biomarker of patients' prognosis and chemoradioresistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

International Journal of Cancer

Volumn 132, Issue 11, 2013, Pages 2567-2577

  Zhang, Jia Xing ^a,b   Tong, Zhu Ting ^a   Yang, Lin ^a   Wang, Fan ^a   Chai, Hui Ping ^a   Zhang, Fan ^a   Xie, Ming Ran ^a   Zhang, An Li ^a   Wu, Li Ming ^a   Hong, Hao ^a   Yin, Lv ^a   Wang, Hao ^a   Wang, Hong Yan ^a   Zhao, Yuan ^a  

^a ANHUI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY CANCER CENTER   (China)

Author keywords

chemoradiotherapy; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; immunohistochemistry; PITX2

Indexed keywords

CISPLATIN; FLUOROURACIL; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR PITX2;

ADULT; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; CANCER CELL; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER INVASION; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER STAGING; CANCER SURVIVAL; CHEMOSENSITIVITY; CLINICAL FEATURE; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTINUOUS INFUSION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE SPECIFIC SURVIVAL; DOWN REGULATION; ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ESOPHAGUS MUCOSA; ESOPHAGUS RESECTION; EXTERNAL BEAM RADIOTHERAPY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; IN VITRO STUDY; IONIZING RADIATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MULTIPLE CYCLE TREATMENT; ONCOGENE; PITX2 GENE; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; RADIATION DOSE; RADIOSENSITIVITY; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; REFERENCE VALUE; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; TREATMENT RESPONSE; TUMOR VOLUME; VALIDATION STUDY;

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; APOPTOSIS; BLOTTING, WESTERN; CARCINOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CELL PROLIFERATION; CHEMORADIOTHERAPY; CISPLATIN; COHORT STUDIES; DRUG RESISTANCE, NEOPLASM; ESOPHAGEAL NEOPLASMS; ESOPHAGUS; FEMALE; FLOW CYTOMETRY; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS; HUMANS; IMMUNOENZYME TECHNIQUES; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEOPLASM GRADING; NEOPLASM STAGING; PROGNOSIS; RADIATION TOLERANCE; RADIATION, IONIZING; REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA, MESSENGER; RNA, SMALL INTERFERING; SURVIVAL RATE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 84875582123     PISSN: 00207136     EISSN: 10970215     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27930     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Enzinger PC, Mayer RJ,. Esophageal cancer. N Engl J Med 2003; 349: 2241-52.
2. Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, et al. Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin 2005; 55: 74-108.
3. Brenner B, Ilson DH, Minsky BD,. Treatment of localized esophageal cancer. Semin Oncol 2004; 31: 554-65.
4. Stahl M, Stuschke M, Lehmann N, et al. Chemoradiation with and without surgery in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23: 2310-7.
5. Tahara M, Ohtsu A, Hironaka S, et al. Clinical impact of criteria for complete response (CR) of primary site to treatment of esophageal cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2005; 35: 316-23.
6. Bonnetain F, Bouche O, Michel P, et al. A comparative longitudinal quality of life study using the Spitzer quality of life index in a randomized multicenter phase III trial (FFCD 9102): chemoradiation followed by surgery compared with chemoradiation alone in locally advanced squamous resectable thoracic esophageal cancer. Ann Oncol 2006; 17: 827-34.
7. Rohatgi PR, Swisher SG, Correa AM, et al. Failure patterns correlate with the proportion of residual carcinoma after preoperative chemoradiotherapy for carcinoma of the esophagus. Cancer 2005; 104: 1349-55.
8. Luthra R, Wu TT, Luthra MG, et al. Gene expression profiling of localized esophageal carcinomas: association with pathologic response to preoperative chemoradiation. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 259-67.
9. Wu X, Gu J, Wu TT, et al. Genetic variations in radiation and chemotherapy drug action pathways predict clinical outcomes in esophageal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 3789-98.
10. Quentien MH, Pitoia F, Gunz G, et al. Regulation of prolactin, GH, and Pit-1 gene expression in anterior pituitary by Pitx2: an approach using Pitx2 mutants. Endocrinology 2002; 143: 2839-51.
11. Cox CJ, Espinoza HM, McWilliams B, et al. Differential regulation of gene expression by PITX2 isoforms. J Biol Chem 2002; 277: 25001-10.
12. Logan M, Pagan-Westphal SM, Smith DM, et al. The transcription factor Pitx2 mediates situs-specific morphogenesis in response to left-right asymmetric signals. Cell 1998; 94: 307-17.
13. Ryan AK, Blumberg B, Rodriguez-Esteban C, et al. Pitx2 determines left-right asymmetry of internal organs in vertebrates. Nature 1998; 394: 545-51.
14. Gage PJ, Suh H, Camper SA,. Dosage requirement of Pitx2 for development of multiple organs. Development 1999; 126: 4643-51.
15. Bamforth SD, Braganca J, Farthing CR, et al. Cited2 controls left-right patterning and heart development through a Nodal-Pitx2c pathway. Nat Genet 2004; 36: 1189-96.
16. Lin CR, Kioussi C, O'Connell S, et al. Pitx2 regulates lung asymmetry, cardiac positioning and pituitary and tooth morphogenesis. Nature 1999; 401: 279-82.
17. Suh H, Gage PJ, Drouin J, et al. Pitx2 is required at multiple stages of pituitary organogenesis: pituitary primordium formation and cell specification. Development 2002; 129: 329-37.
18. Lines MA, Kozlowski K, Walter MA,. Molecular genetics of Axenfeld-Rieger malformations. Hum Mol Genet 2002; 11: 1177-84.
19. Espinoza HM, Cox CJ, Semina EV, et al. A molecular basis for differential developmental anomalies in Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2002; 11: 743-53.
20. Liu C, Liu W, Palie J, et al. Pitx2c patterns anterior myocardium and aortic arch vessels and is required for local cell movement into atrioventricular cushions. Development 2002; 129: 5081-91.
21. Liu C, Liu W, Lu MF, et al. Regulation of left-right asymmetry by thresholds of Pitx2c activity. Development 2001; 128: 2039-48.
22. Strungaru MH, Dinu I, Walter MA,. Genotype-phenotype correlations in Axenfeld-Rieger malformation and glaucoma patients with FOXC1 and PITX2 mutations. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007; 48: 228-37.
23. Kioussi C, Briata P, Baek SH, et al. Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin - > Pitx2 pathway mediating cell-type-specific proliferation during development. Cell 2002; 111: 673-85.
24. Briata P, Ilengo C, Corte G, et al. The Wnt/beta-catenin - >Pitx2 pathway controls the turnover of Pitx2 and other unstable mRNAs. Mol Cell 2003; 12: 1201-11.
25. Huang Y, Guigon CJ, Fan J, et al. Pituitary homeobox 2 (PITX2) promotes thyroid carcinogenesis by activation of cyclin D2. Cell Cycle 2010; 9: 1333-41.
26. Baek SH, Kioussi C, Briata P, et al. Regulated subset of G1 growth-control genes in response to derepression by the Wnt pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100: 3245-50.
27. Fung FK, Chan DW, Liu VW, et al. Increased expression of PITX2 transcription factor contributes to ovarian cancer progression. PLoS One 2012; 7: e37076.
28. Hirose H, Ishii H, Mimori K, et al. The significance of PITX2 overexpression in human colorectal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2011; 18: 3005-12.
29. Nimmrich I, Sieuwerts AM, Meijer-van Gelder ME, et al. DNA hypermethylation of PITX2 is a marker of poor prognosis in untreated lymph node-negative hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008; 111: 429-37.
30. Maier S, Nimmrich I, Koenig T, et al. DNA-methylation of the homeodomain transcription factor PITX2 reliably predicts risk of distant disease recurrence in tamoxifen-treated, node-negative breast cancer patients-technical and clinical validation in a multi-centre setting in collaboration with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) PathoBiology group. Eur J Cancer 2007; 43: 1679-86.
31. Harbeck N, Nimmrich I, Hartmann A, et al. Multicenter study using paraffin-embedded tumor tissue testing PITX2 DNA methylation as a marker for outcome prediction in tamoxifen-treated, node-negative breast cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: 5036-42.
32. Toyota M, Kopecky KJ, Toyota MO, et al. Methylation profiling in acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 2001; 97: 2823-9.
33. Vinarskaja A, Schulz WA, Ingenwerth M, et al. Association of PITX2 mRNA down-regulation in prostate cancer with promoter hypermethylation and poor prognosis. Urol Oncol 2011, In press.
34. Tanaka S, Akiyoshi T, Mori M, et al. A novel frizzled gene identified in human esophageal carcinoma mediates APC/beta-catenin signals. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95: 10164-9.
35. Wang Y, Liu S, Zhu H, et al. FRAT1 overexpression leads to aberrant activation of beta-catenin/TCF pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2008; 123: 561-8.
36. Wang Y, Zhou X, Zhu H, et al. Overexpression of EB1 in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) may promote cellular growth by activating beta-catenin/TCF pathway. Oncogene 2005; 24: 6637-45.
37. Ninomiya I, Endo Y, Fushida S, et al. Alteration of beta-catenin expression in esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2000; 85: 757-61.
38. Kimura Y, Shiozaki H, Doki Y, et al. Cytoplasmic beta-catenin in esophageal cancers. Int J Cancer 1999; 84: 174-8.
39. Remmele W, Stegner HE,. Recommendation for uniform definition of an immunoreactive score (IRS) for immunohistochemical estrogen receptor detection (ER-ICA) in breast cancer tissue. Pathologe 1987; 8: 138-40.
40. Saussez S, Cucu DR, Decaestecker C, et al. Galectin 7 (p53-induced gene 1): a new prognostic predictor of recurrence and survival in stage IV hypopharyngeal cancer. Ann. Surg. Oncol 2006; 13: 999-1009.
41. Zlobec I, Steele R, Terracciano L, et al. Selecting immunohistochemical cut-off scores for novel biomarkers of progression and survival in colorectal cancer. J Clin Pathol 2007; 60: 1112-6.
42. Dann CT, Alvarado AL, Hammer RE, et al. Heritable and stable gene knockdown in rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103: 11246-51.
43. Hofstetter B, Niemierko A, Forrer C, et al. Impact of genomic methylation on radiation sensitivity of colorectal carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010; 76: 1512-9.
44. Ye W, Lin W, Tartokoff AM, et al. Karyopherins in nuclear transport of homeodomain proteins during development. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011; 1813: 1654-62.
45. Lines MA, Kozlowski K, Walter MA,. Molecular genetics of Axenfeld-Rieger malformations. Hum Mol Genet 2002; 11: 11177-84.
46. Gherzi R, Trabucchi M, Ponassi M, et al. Akt2-mediated phosphorylation of Pitx2 controls Ccnd1 mRNA decay during muscle cell differentiation. Cell Death Differ 2010; 17: 975-83.
47. Acunzo J, Roche C, Defilles C, et al. Inactivation of PITX2 transcription factor induced apoptosis of gonadotroph tumoral cells. Endocrinology 2011; 152: 3884-92.
48. DiMeo TA, Anderson K, Phadke P, et al. A novel lung metastasis signature links Wnt signaling with cancer cell self-renewal and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in basal-like breast cancer. Cancer Res 2009; 69: 5364-73.
49. Jiang YG, Luo Y, He DL, et al. Role of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human prostate cancer induced by hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha. In J Urol 2007; 14: 1034-9.
50. Krasnapolski MA, Todaro LB, de Kier Joffé EB,. Is the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition clinically relevant for the cancer patient? Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2011; 12: 1891-9.
51. Dietrich D, Hasinger O, Liebenberg V, et al. DNA methylation of the homeobox genes PITX2 and SHOX2 predicts outcome in non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Diagn Mol Pathol 2012; 21: 93-104.