메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 126, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 949-956

Current role of surgery for the treatment of fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis

Author keywords

Fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis; Mortality; Surgery; Treatment

Indexed keywords

IMMUNOGLOBULIN; METRONIDAZOLE; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; VANCOMYCIN;

EID: 84875362463     PISSN: 03666999     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20111537     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (6)

References (65)
  • 1
    • 69349092544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile-associated disease and mortality among the elderly critically ill
    • Zilberberg MD, Shorr AF, Micek ST, Doherty JA, Kollef MH. Clostridium difficile-associated disease and mortality among the elderly critically ill. Crit Care Med 2009; 37: 2583-2589.
    • (2009) Crit Care Med , vol.37 , pp. 2583-2589
    • Zilberberg, M.D.1    Shorr, A.F.2    Micek, S.T.3    Doherty, J.A.4    Kollef, M.H.5
  • 2
    • 55549148759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and geographic variation in hospitalizations with resistant infections, United States, 2000-2005
    • Zilberberg MD, Shorr AF, Kollef MH. Growth and geographic variation in hospitalizations with resistant infections, United States, 2000-2005. Emerg Infect Dis 2008; 14: 1756-1758.
    • (2008) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.14 , pp. 1756-1758
    • Zilberberg, M.D.1    Shorr, A.F.2    Kollef, M.H.3
  • 3
    • 34848836638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase in Clostridium difficile-related mortality rates, United States, 1999-2004
    • Redelings MD, Sorvillo F, Mascola L. Increase in Clostridium difficile-related mortality rates, United States, 1999-2004. Emerg Infect Dis 2007; 13: 1417-1419.
    • (2007) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.13 , pp. 1417-1419
    • Redelings, M.D.1    Sorvillo, F.2    Mascola, L.3
  • 4
    • 77953809436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of mortality due to Clostridium difficile infection
    • Karas JA, Enoch DA, Aliyu SH. A review of mortality due to Clostridium difficile infection. J Infect 2010; 61: 1-8.
    • (2010) J Infect , vol.61 , pp. 1-8
    • Karas, J.A.1    Enoch, D.A.2    Aliyu, S.H.3
  • 5
    • 0036192008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fulminant Clostridium difficile: An underappreciated and increasing cause of death and complications
    • Dallal RM, Harbrecht BG, Boujoukas AJ, Sirio CA, Farkas LM, Lee KK, et al. Fulminant Clostridium difficile: an underappreciated and increasing cause of death and complications. Ann Surg 2002; 235: 363-372.
    • (2002) Ann Surg , vol.235 , pp. 363-372
    • Dallal, R.M.1    Harbrecht, B.G.2    Boujoukas, A.J.3    Sirio, C.A.4    Farkas, L.M.5    Lee, K.K.6
  • 6
    • 77955466902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical aspects of fulminant Clostridium difficile Colitis
    • Butala P, Divino CM. Surgical aspects of fulminant Clostridium difficile Colitis. Am J Surg 2010; 200: 131-135.
    • (2010) Am J Surg , vol.200 , pp. 131-135
    • Butala, P.1    Divino, C.M.2
  • 7
    • 34347331380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis
    • Adams SD, Mercer DW. Fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis. Curr Opin Crit Care 2007; 13: 450-455.
    • (2007) Curr Opin Crit Care , vol.13 , pp. 450-455
    • Adams, S.D.1    Mercer, D.W.2
  • 9
    • 40749117283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early surgical intervention for fulminant pseudomembranous colitis
    • Ali SO, Welch JP, Dring RJ. Early surgical intervention for fulminant pseudomembranous colitis. Am Surg 2008; 74: 20-26.
    • (2008) Am Surg , vol.74 , pp. 20-26
    • Ali, S.O.1    Welch, J.P.2    Dring, R.J.3
  • 11
    • 49349101018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of colectomy for Clostridium difficile colitis: A plea for early surgical management
    • Hall JF, Berger D. Outcome of colectomy for Clostridium difficile colitis: a plea for early surgical management. Am J Surg 2008; 196: 384-388.
    • (2008) Am J Surg , vol.196 , pp. 384-388
    • Hall, J.F.1    Berger, D.2
  • 12
    • 64549156532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for mortality following emergency colectomy for fulminant Clostridium difficile infection
    • Pepin J, Vo TT, Boutros M, Marcotte E, Dial S, Dubé S, et al. Risk factors for mortality following emergency colectomy for fulminant Clostridium difficile infection. Dis Colon Rectum 2009; 52: 400-405.
    • (2009) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.52 , pp. 400-405
    • Pepin, J.1    Vo, T.T.2    Boutros, M.3    Marcotte, E.4    Dial, S.5    Dubé, S.6
  • 14
    • 33746509284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase in deaths related to enterocolitis due to Clostridium difficile in the United States, 1999-2002
    • Wysowski DK. Increase in deaths related to enterocolitis due to Clostridium difficile in the United States, 1999-2002. Public Health Rep 2006; 121: 361-362.
    • (2006) Public Health Rep , vol.121 , pp. 361-362
    • Wysowski, D.K.1
  • 15
    • 66249121680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis: Patterns of care and predictors of mortality
    • Sailhamer EA, Carson K, Chang Y, Zacharias N, Spaniolas K, Tabbara M, et al. Fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis: patterns of care and predictors of mortality. Arch Surg 2009; 144: 433-439.
    • (2009) Arch Surg , vol.144 , pp. 433-439
    • Sailhamer, E.A.1    Carson, K.2    Chang, Y.3    Zacharias, N.4    Spaniolas, K.5    Tabbara, M.6
  • 16
    • 39549119111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of mortality after colectomy for fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis
    • Byrn JC, Maun DC, Gingold DS, Baril DT, Ozao JJ, Divino CM. Predictors of mortality after colectomy for fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis. Arch Surg 2008; 143: 150-154.
    • (2008) Arch Surg , vol.143 , pp. 150-154
    • Byrn, J.C.1    Maun, D.C.2    Gingold, D.S.3    Baril, D.T.4    Ozao, J.J.5    Divino, C.M.6
  • 17
    • 67650046735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of surgery in Clostridium difficile colitis
    • Noblett SE, Welfare M, Seymour K. The role of surgery in Clostridium difficile colitis. BMJ 2009; 338: b1563.
    • (2009) BMJ , vol.338
    • Noblett, S.E.1    Welfare, M.2    Seymour, K.3
  • 18
    • 77949516928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile and the surgeon
    • Stanley JD, Burns RP. Clostridium difficile and the surgeon. Am Surg 2010; 76: 235-244.
    • (2010) Am Surg , vol.76 , pp. 235-244
    • Stanley, J.D.1    Burns, R.P.2
  • 20
    • 28844441314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A predominantly clonal multi-institutional outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea with high morbidity and mortality
    • Loo VG, Poirier L, Miller MA, Oughton M, Libman MD, Michaud S, et al. A predominantly clonal multi-institutional outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea with high morbidity and mortality. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2442-2449.
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.353 , pp. 2442-2449
    • Loo, V.G.1    Poirier, L.2    Miller, M.A.3    Oughton, M.4    Libman, M.D.5    Michaud, S.6
  • 22
    • 33745515086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonic abnormalities on CT in adult hospitalized patients with Clostridium difficile colitis: Prevalence and significance of findings
    • Ash L, Baker ME, O'Malley CM Jr, Gordon SM, Delaney CP, Obuchowski NA. Colonic abnormalities on CT in adult hospitalized patients with Clostridium difficile colitis: prevalence and significance of findings. Am J Roentgenol 2006; 186: 1393-1400.
    • (2006) Am J Roentgenol , vol.186 , pp. 1393-1400
    • Ash, L.1    Baker, M.E.2    O'Malley Jr., C.M.3    Gordon, S.M.4    Delaney, C.P.5    Obuchowski, N.A.6
  • 23
    • 0035111747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the CT diagnosis of Clostridium difficile colitis: Should CT guide therapy?
    • Kirkpatrick ID, Greenberg HM. Evaluating the CT diagnosis of Clostridium difficile colitis: should CT guide therapy? Am J Roentgenol 2001; 176: 635-639.
    • (2001) Am J Roentgenol , vol.176 , pp. 635-639
    • Kirkpatrick, I.D.1    Greenberg, H.M.2
  • 24
    • 77949904047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergency subtotal colectomy for fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis--is a surgical solution considered for all patients?
    • Gash K, Brown E, Pullyblank A. Emergency subtotal colectomy for fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis--is a surgical solution considered for all patients? Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2010; 92: 56-60.
    • (2010) Ann R Coll Surg Engl , vol.92 , pp. 56-60
    • Gash, K.1    Brown, E.2    Pullyblank, A.3
  • 27
    • 60549093742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early colectomy may be associated with improved survival in fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis: An 8-year experience
    • Seder CW, Villalba MR Jr, Robbins J, Ivascu FA, Carpenter CF, Dietrich M, et al. Early colectomy may be associated with improved survival in fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis: an 8-year experience. Am J Surg 2009; 197: 302-307.
    • (2009) Am J Surg , vol.197 , pp. 302-307
    • Seder, C.W.1    Villalba Jr., M.R.2    Robbins, J.3    Ivascu, F.A.4    Carpenter, C.F.5    Dietrich, M.6
  • 29
    • 49749117446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile infection: A surgical disease in evolution
    • Hermsen JL, Dobrescu C, Kudsk KA. Clostridium difficile infection: a surgical disease in evolution. J Gastrointest Surg 2008; 12: 1512-1517.
    • (2008) J Gastrointest Surg , vol.12 , pp. 1512-1517
    • Hermsen, J.L.1    Dobrescu, C.2    Kudsk, K.A.3
  • 31
    • 33846436449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of emergency colectomy on survival of patients with fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis during an epidemic caused by a hypervirulent strain
    • Lamontagne F, Labbé AC, Haeck O, Lesur O, Lalancette M, Patino C, et al. Impact of emergency colectomy on survival of patients with fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis during an epidemic caused by a hypervirulent strain. Ann Surg 2007; 245: 267-272.
    • (2007) Ann Surg , vol.245 , pp. 267-272
    • Lamontagne, F.1    Labbé, A.C.2    Haeck, O.3    Lesur, O.4    Lalancette, M.5    Patino, C.6
  • 32
    • 0034006692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute abdomen and Clostridium difficile colitis: Still a lethal combination
    • Klipfel AA, Schein M, Fahoum B, Wise L. Acute abdomen and Clostridium difficile colitis: still a lethal combination. Dig Surg 2000; 17: 160-163.
    • (2000) Dig Surg , vol.17 , pp. 160-163
    • Klipfel, A.A.1    Schein, M.2    Fahoum, B.3    Wise, L.4
  • 33
    • 63849154839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical risk factors for severe Clostridium difficile-associated disease
    • Henrich TJ, Krakower D, Bitton A, Yokoe DS. Clinical risk factors for severe Clostridium difficile-associated disease. Emerg Infect Dis 2009; 15: 415-422.
    • (2009) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.15 , pp. 415-422
    • Henrich, T.J.1    Krakower, D.2    Bitton, A.3    Yokoe, D.S.4
  • 34
    • 25144469664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxin production by an emerging strain of Clostridium difficile associated with outbreaks of severe disease in North America and Europe
    • Warny M, Pepin J, Fang A, Killgore G, Thompson A, Brazier J, et al. Toxin production by an emerging strain of Clostridium difficile associated with outbreaks of severe disease in North America and Europe. Lancet 2005; 366: 1079-1084.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.366 , pp. 1079-1084
    • Warny, M.1    Pepin, J.2    Fang, A.3    Killgore, G.4    Thompson, A.5    Brazier, J.6
  • 35
    • 75549085302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile ribotypes 001, 017, and 027 are associated with lethal C. difficile infection in Hesse, Germany
    • Arvand M, Hauri AM, Zaiss NH, Witte W, Bettge-Weller G. Clostridium difficile ribotypes 001, 017, and 027 are associated with lethal C. difficile infection in Hesse, Germany. Euro Surveill 2009; 14.pii: 19403.
    • (2009) Euro Surveill , vol.14 , pp. 19403
    • Arvand, M.1    Hauri, A.M.2    Zaiss, N.H.3    Witte, W.4    Bettge-Weller, G.5
  • 36
    • 77950686995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality and risk stratification in patients with Clostridium difficile associated-diarrhoea
    • Bhangu S, Bhangu A, Nightingale P, Michael A. Mortality and risk stratification in patients with Clostridium difficile associated-diarrhoea. Colorectal Dis 2010; 12: 241-246.
    • (2010) Colorectal Dis , vol.12 , pp. 241-246
    • Bhangu, S.1    Bhangu, A.2    Nightingale, P.3    Michael, A.4
  • 37
    • 57149144647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RUWA scoring system: A novel predictive tool for the identification of patients at high risk for complications from Clostridium difficile infection
    • author reply 94-95
    • Drew RJ, Boyle B. RUWA scoring system: a novel predictive tool for the identification of patients at high risk for complications from Clostridium difficile infection. J Hosp Infect 2009; 71: 93-94; author reply 94-95.
    • (2009) J Hosp Infect , vol.71 , pp. 93-94
    • Drew, R.J.1    Boyle, B.2
  • 38
    • 41549103640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality of patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhoea: The impact of Clostridium difficile
    • Bishara J, Peled N, Pitlik S, Samra Z. Mortality of patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhoea: the impact of Clostridium difficile. J Hosp Infect 2008; 68: 308-314.
    • (2008) J Hosp Infect , vol.68 , pp. 308-314
    • Bishara, J.1    Peled, N.2    Pitlik, S.3    Samra, Z.4
  • 39
  • 40
    • 73849124604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile is associated with poor outcomes in patients with cirrhosis: A national and tertiary center perspective
    • Bajaj JS, Ananthakrishnan AN, Hafeezullah M, Zadvornova Y, Dye A, McGinley EL, et al. Clostridium difficile is associated with poor outcomes in patients with cirrhosis: A national and tertiary center perspective. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 106-113.
    • (2010) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.105 , pp. 106-113
    • Bajaj, J.S.1    Ananthakrishnan, A.N.2    Hafeezullah, M.3    Zadvornova, Y.4    Dye, A.5    McGinley, E.L.6
  • 41
    • 70349469617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are vasopressor use and mechanical ventilation the only predictors of worse outcome for fulminant Clostridium difficile infection?
    • Jaber MR, Ruan JH, Fung WL, Reeves ME. Are vasopressor use and mechanical ventilation the only predictors of worse outcome for fulminant Clostridium difficile infection? Am J Surg 2009; 198: 581-582.
    • (2009) Am J Surg , vol.198 , pp. 581-582
    • Jaber, M.R.1    Ruan, J.H.2    Fung, W.L.3    Reeves, M.E.4
  • 42
    • 34548021468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of 30-day mortality for clostridium difficile-associated disease in the ICU setting
    • Kenneally C, Rosini JM, Skrupky LP, Doherty JA, Hollands JM, Martinez E, et al. Analysis of 30-day mortality for clostridium difficile-associated disease in the ICU setting. Chest 2007; 132: 418-424.
    • (2007) Chest , vol.132 , pp. 418-424
    • Kenneally, C.1    Rosini, J.M.2    Skrupky, L.P.3    Doherty, J.A.4    Hollands, J.M.5    Martinez, E.6
  • 43
    • 77951026738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice guidelines for Clostridium difficile infection in adults: 2010 update by the society for healthcare epidemiology of America (SHEA) and the infectious diseases society of America (IDSA)
    • Cohen SH, Gerding DN, Johnson S, Kelly CP, Loo VG, McDonald LC, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for Clostridium difficile infection in adults: 2010 update by the society for healthcare epidemiology of America (SHEA) and the infectious diseases society of America (IDSA). Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2010; 31: 431-455.
    • (2010) Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol , vol.31 , pp. 431-455
    • Cohen, S.H.1    Gerding, D.N.2    Johnson, S.3    Kelly, C.P.4    Loo, V.G.5    McDonald, L.C.6
  • 44
    • 62249160649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative strategies for Clostridium difficile infection
    • Bauer MP, van Dissel JT. Alternative strategies for Clostridium difficile infection. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009; 33: S51-S56.
    • (2009) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.33
    • Bauer, M.P.1    van Dissel, J.T.2
  • 45
    • 70649095042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID): Data review and recommendations for diagnosing Clostridium difficile-infection (CDI)
    • Crobach MJ, Dekkers OM, Wilcox MH, Kuijper EJ. European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID): data review and recommendations for diagnosing Clostridium difficile-infection (CDI). Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 15: 1053-1066.
    • (2009) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.15 , pp. 1053-1066
    • Crobach, M.J.1    Dekkers, O.M.2    Wilcox, M.H.3    Kuijper, E.J.4
  • 46
    • 40849086203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of clostridium difficile colitis in the critical care setting
    • Musher DM, Aslam S. Treatment of clostridium difficile colitis in the critical care setting. Crit Care Clin 2008; 24:279-291.
    • (2008) Crit Care Clin , vol.24 , pp. 279-291
    • Musher, D.M.1    Aslam, S.2
  • 47
    • 74849098405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment with monoclonal antibodies against Clostridium difficile toxins
    • Lowy I, Molrine DC, Leav BA, Blair BM, Baxter R, Gerding DN, et al. Treatment with monoclonal antibodies against Clostridium difficile toxins. N Engl J Med 2010; 21; 362: 197-205.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.21 , Issue.362 , pp. 197-205
    • Lowy, I.1    Molrine, D.C.2    Leav, B.A.3    Blair, B.M.4    Baxter, R.5    Gerding, D.N.6
  • 48
  • 49
    • 33646582618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe, refractory, and recurrent Clostridium difficile diarrhea
    • McPherson S, Rees CJ, Ellis R, Soo S, Panter SJ. Intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe, refractory, and recurrent Clostridium difficile diarrhea. Dis Colon Rectum 2006; 49: 640-645.
    • (2006) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.49 , pp. 640-645
    • McPherson, S.1    Rees, C.J.2    Ellis, R.3    Soo, S.4    Panter, S.J.5
  • 50
    • 34547097261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe Clostridium difficile colitis
    • Hassoun A, Ibrahim F. Use of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe Clostridium difficile colitis. Am J Geriatr Pharmacother 2007; 5: 48-51.
    • (2007) Am J Geriatr Pharmacother , vol.5 , pp. 48-51
    • Hassoun, A.1    Ibrahim, F.2
  • 51
    • 70349491503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of immunoglobulin for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection: A systematic review
    • O'Horo J, Safdar N. The role of immunoglobulin for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review. Int J Infect Dis 2009; 13: 663-667.
    • (2009) Int J Infect Dis , vol.13 , pp. 663-667
    • O'Horo, J.1    Safdar, N.2
  • 53
    • 77954914107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avoiding colectomy during surgical management of fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis
    • Olivas AD, Umanskiy K, Zuckerbraun B, Alverdy JC. Avoiding colectomy during surgical management of fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2010; 11: 299-305.
    • (2010) Surg Infect (Larchmt) , vol.11 , pp. 299-305
    • Olivas, A.D.1    Umanskiy, K.2    Zuckerbraun, B.3    Alverdy, J.C.4
  • 54
    • 64549163185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile associated infection, diarrhea and colitis
    • Hookman P, Barkin JS. Clostridium difficile associated infection, diarrhea and colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15: 1554-1580.
    • (2009) World J Gastroenterol , vol.15 , pp. 1554-1580
    • Hookman, P.1    Barkin, J.S.2
  • 55
    • 70649107673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID): Treatment guidance document for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)
    • Bauer MP, Kuijper EJ, van Dissel JT. European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID): treatment guidance document for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 15: 1067-1079.
    • (2009) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.15 , pp. 1067-1079
    • Bauer, M.P.1    Kuijper, E.J.2    van Dissel, J.T.3
  • 56
    • 77955466902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical aspects of fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis
    • Butala P, Divino CM. Surgical aspects of fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis. Am J Surg 2010; 200: 131-135.
    • (2010) Am J Surg , vol.200 , pp. 131-135
    • Butala, P.1    Divino, C.M.2
  • 58
    • 77957787879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes of emergency colectomy for fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis
    • Al-Abed YA, Gray EA, Rothnie ND. Outcomes of emergency colectomy for fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis. Surgeon 2010; 8: 330-333.
    • (2010) Surgeon , vol.8 , pp. 330-333
    • Al-Abed, Y.A.1    Gray, E.A.2    Rothnie, N.D.3
  • 59
    • 33847668756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile Colitis
    • Trudel JL. Clostridium difficile Colitis. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2007; 20: 13-17.
    • (2007) Clin Colon Rectal Surg , vol.20 , pp. 13-17
    • Trudel, J.L.1
  • 60
    • 58149498420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile infection and surgery
    • Gourevitch D, Hawkey P. Clostridium difficile infection and surgery. Br J Surg 2009; 96: 3-4.
    • (2009) Br J Surg , vol.96 , pp. 3-4
    • Gourevitch, D.1    Hawkey, P.2
  • 61
    • 60349093694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of serious complications due to Clostridium difficile infection
    • Gujja D, Friedenberg FK. Predictors of serious complications due to Clostridium difficile infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009; 29: 635-642.
    • (2009) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.29 , pp. 635-642
    • Gujja, D.1    Friedenberg, F.K.2
  • 62
    • 58149393176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical review of the management of fulminant clostridium difficile infection
    • Jaber MR, Olafsson S, Fung WL, Reeves ME. Clinical review of the management of fulminant clostridium difficile infection. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 3195-3203.
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.103 , pp. 3195-3203
    • Jaber, M.R.1    Olafsson, S.2    Fung, W.L.3    Reeves, M.E.4
  • 63
    • 23944507069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated disease: Old therapies and new strategies
    • Aslam S, Hamill RJ, Musher DM. Treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated disease: old therapies and new strategies. Lancet Infect Dis 2005; 5: 549-557.
    • (2005) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.5 , pp. 549-557
    • Aslam, S.1    Hamill, R.J.2    Musher, D.M.3
  • 64
    • 70349784492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis isolated to the ascending colon by a diverting transverse loop colostomy
    • Oppermann TE, Christopherson WA, Stahlfeld KR. Fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis isolated to the ascending colon by a diverting transverse loop colostomy. Am Surg 2009; 75: 859-860.
    • (2009) Am Surg , vol.75 , pp. 859-860
    • Oppermann, T.E.1    Christopherson, W.A.2    Stahlfeld, K.R.3
  • 65
    • 37749053155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does emergency colectomy reduce mortality in patients with Clostridium difficile-associated disease?
    • Surawicz CM. Does emergency colectomy reduce mortality in patients with Clostridium difficile-associated disease? Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 4: 542-543.
    • (2007) Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.4 , pp. 542-543
    • Surawicz, C.M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.