Peru's national folic acid fortification program and its effect on neural tube defects in Lima

Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica/Pan American Journal of Public Health

Volumn 32, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 391-398

  Ricks, Daniel J ^a   Rees, Chris A ^a   Osborn, Katharine A ^a   Crookston, Benjamin T ^b   Leaver, Katherine ^a   Merrill, Samuel B ^c   Velásquez, Carlos ^d   Ricks, Jane H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

^b BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d INSTITUTO NACIONAL MATERNO PERINATAL   (Peru)

Author keywords

Folic acid; Food; Fortified; Neural tube defects; Peru; Public policy

Indexed keywords

CHILD HEALTH; FOOD; SAMPLING; SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS; STANDARD (REGULATION); WHEAT; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

LIMA [PERU]; PERU;

TRITICUM AESTIVUM;

EID: 84874910026     PISSN: 10204989     EISSN: 16805348     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/s1020-49892012001300001     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Bassuk AG, Kibar Z. Genetic basis of neural tube defects. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2009;16(3):101-10.
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US). CDC Grand Rounds: additional opportunities to prevent neural tube defects with folic acid fortification. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59(31):980-4.
3. Oakley GP. The scientific basis for eliminating folic acid-preventable spina bifida: a modern miracle from epidemiology. Ann Epidemiol. 2009;19(4):226-30.
4. Botto LD, Moore CA, Khoury MJ, Erickson JD. Neural-tube defects. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(20):1509-19.
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US). Spina bifida and anencephaly before and after folic acid mandate - United States, 1995-1996 and 1999-2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2004;53(17):362-5.
6. Cherian A, Seena S, Bullock, RK, Antony AC. Incidence of neural tube defects in the leastdeveloped area of India: a population-based study. Lancet. 2005;366(9489):930-1.
7. Blencowe H, Cousens S, Modell B, Lawn J. Folic acid to reduce neonatal mortality from neural tube disorders. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i110-21.
8. Berry RJ, Li Z, Erickson JD, Li S, Moore CA, Wang H, et al. Prevention of neural-tube defects with folic acid in China. China-U.S. Collaborative Project for Neural Tube Defect Prevention. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(20):1485-90.
9. Bell KN, Oakley GP. Update on prevention of folic acid-preventable spina bifida and anencephaly. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Terato. 2009;85(1):102-7.
10. Botto LD, Lisi A, Bower C, Canfield MA, Dattani N, De Vigan C, et al. Trends of selected malformations in relation to folic acid recommendations and fortification: an international assessment. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2006;76(10):693-705.
11. Safdar O, Al-Dabbagh A, AbuElieneen WA, Kari JA. Decline in the incidence of neural tube defects after the national fortification of flour (1997-2005). Saudi Med J. 2007;28(8):1227-9.
12. Calvo EB, Biglieri A. Impacto de la fortificación con ácido fólico sobre el estado nutricional en mujeres y la prevalencia de defectos del tubo neural. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2008;106(6):492-8.
13. Pacheco SS, Braga C, Souza AI, Figueiroa JN. Effects of folic acid fortification on the prevalence of neural tube defects. Rev Saude Publica. 2009;43(4):565-71.
14. De Wals P, Tairou F, Van Allen MI, Uh SH, Lowry RB, Sibbald B, et al. Reduction in neural-tube defects after folic acid fortification in Canada. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(2):135-42.
15. Hertrampf E, Cortés F. Folic acid fortification of wheat flour: Chile. Nutr Rev. 2004;62(6 Pt 2):S44-8.
16. Chen LT, Rivera MA. The Costa Rican experience: reduction of neural tube defects following food fortification programs. Nutr Rev. 2004;62(6 Pt 2):S40-3.
17. Sayed AR, Bourne D, Pattinson R, Nixon J, Henderson B. Decline in the prevalence of neural tube defects following folic acid fortification and its cost-benefit in South Africa. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2008; 82(4):211-6.
18. Lijing Ouyang L, Grosse S, Armour B, Waitzman N. Health care expenditures of children and adults with spina bifida in a privately insured U.S. population. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2007;79(7):552-8.
19. Hertrampf E, Cortés F. National food-fortification program with folic acid in Chile. Food Nutr Bull. 2008;29(2 Suppl):S231-7.
20. Sanabria H, Tarqui C. Fundamentos para la fortificación de la harina de trigo con micronutrientes en el Perú. Anal Fac Med UNMSM. 2007;68(2):185-92.
21. Hertrampf E, Cortés F, Erickson JD, Cayazzo M, Freire W, Bailey LB, et al. Consumption of folic acid-fortified bread improves folate status in women of reproductive age in Chile. J Nutr. 2003;133(10):3166-9.
22. United Nations Children's Fund. At a glance: Peru. Statistics [Internet]. New York: UNICEF; c2003. Available from: www.unicef.org/infobycountry/peru- statistics.html Accessed 2 June 2010.
23. Ministerio de Salud, Dirección General de Salud Ambiental (PE). Reglamento de la ley No 28314, que dispuso la fortificatión de la harina de trigo con micronutrientes [legal reform of Peruvian Law 28314]. June 25 2006. Lima: MINSA/DIGESA; 2006. Available from: www.inmetro.gov.br/barreirastecnicas/ pontofocal/.%5Cpontofocal%5Ctextos%5Cregulamentos%5CPER-10.pdf Accessed 4 September 2010.
24. World Health Organization. Recommendations on wheat and maize flour fortification. Meeting report: Interim Consensus Statement. Geneva: WHO; 2009. (WHO/NMH/NHD/MNM/09.1). Available from: www.who.int/nutrition/publications/ micronutrients/wheat-maize-fort.pdf Accessed 4 September 2010.
25. United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service. Peru grain and feed report 2010. Washington: USDA-FAS; 2010. Available from: http://gain.fas.usda.gov/Recent%20GAIN%20Publications/ Grain%20and%20Feed%20Annual-Lima-Peru-1-22-2010.pdf Accessed 4 September 2010.
26. Cheschier N; ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics. ACOG practice bulletin. Neural tube defects. Number 44, July 2003. (Replaces committee opinion number 252, March 2001). Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2003;83(1):123-33.
27. American Academy of Pediatrics. Folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects. American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Genetics. Pediatrics. 1999;104(2 Pt 1): 325-7.
28. Erickson JD. Folic acid and prevention of spina bifida and anencephaly: 10 years after the U.S. Public Health Service recommendation. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2002;51(RR-13):1-3.
29. Delisle H. Patterns of urban food consumption in developing countries: perspective from the 1980s. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization; 1990. Available from: ftp://ftp.fao.org/es/esn/nutrition/urban/delisle-paper.pdf Accessed 19 August 2012.
30. Rose D, Burgos G, Bonierbale M, Thiele G. Understanding the role of potatoes in the Peruvian diet: an approach that combines food composition with household expenditure data. J Food Comp Anal. 2009; doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2008.10. 002.
31. Tarqui-Mamani C, Sanabria H, Lam N, Arias J. Incidencia de los defectos del tubo neural en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal de Lima. Rev Chil Salud Publica. 2009;13(2):82-9.
32. Heseker HB, Mason JB, Selhub J, Rosenberg IH, Jacques PF. Not all cases of neural-tube defect can be prevented by increasing the intake of folic acid. Br J Nutr. 2009;102(2): 173-80.
33. Sanabria H, Velarde P, Zavaleta N, Kim S, Grajeda R, Sullivan K, et al. Evaluación basal de anemia por deficiencia de hierro y folatos en mujeres en edad fértil y niños de 24 a 59 meses en Lima Metropolitana. Lima: Organización Panamericana de la Salud; 2006. Available from: http://bvs.per.paho.org/SCT/SCT2006-010/SCT2006010.pdf Accessed 13 March 2012.
34. Sanabria HA, Tarqui-Mamani C, Villanueva V. Importancia de fortificar la harina de trigo con ácido fólico para prevenir defectos del tubo neural en Perú. Rev Enferm Herediana. 2009;2(2):105-12.
35. Daly LE, Kirke PN, Molley A, Weir DG, Scott JM. Folate levels and neural tube defects. Implications for prevention. JAMA. 1995;274(21):1698-702.
36. Stothard KJ, Tennant PW, Bell R, Rankin J. Maternal overweight and obesity and the risk of congenital anomalies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2009;301(6):636-50.
37. Matok I, Gorodischer R, Koren G, Landau D, Wiznitzer A, Levy A. Exposure to folic acid antagonists during the first trimester of pregnancy and the risk of major malformations. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2009;68(6):956-62.
38. Alemdaroglu NC, Dietz U, Wolffram S, Spahn-Langguth H, Langguth P. Influence of green and black tea on folic acid pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers: potential risk of diminished folic acid bioavailability. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2008;29(6):335-48.
39. Ray JG, Wyatt PR, Thompson MD, Vermeulen MJ, Meier C, Wong PY, et al. Vitamin B12 and the risk of neural tube defects in a folic-acid-fortified population. Epidemiology. 2007;18(3):362-6.
40. Brown JE, Jacobs DR Jr, Hartman TJ, Barosso GM, Stang JS, Gross MD, et al. Predictors of red cell folate level in women attempting pregnancy. JAMA. 1997;277(7):548-52.