A World without Genocide: Prevention, Reconciliation, and the Creation of Peaceful Societies

Journal of Social Issues

Volumn 69, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 180-199

  Staub, Ervin ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONFLICT MANAGEMENT; DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS; DISPUTE RESOLUTION; GENOCIDE; INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK; MORALITY; PEACE PROCESS; PEACEKEEPING; POLITICAL VIOLENCE; POST-WAR; PSYCHOLOGY;

RWANDA;

EID: 84874798575     PISSN: 00224537     EISSN: 15404560     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/josi.12010     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Africa Rights. (2002). Tribute to courage. Kigali, Rwanda.
2. Albright, M., & Cohen, W. (2008). Preventing genocide: A blueprint for U.S. policy makers. Washington, DC: U. S. Holocaust Museum.
3. Alter, J. (2006). The defining moment: FDR's hundred days and the triumph of hope. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.
4. Allport, G. W. (1954). The nature of prejudice. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
5. Aronson, E., Stephan, C., Sikes, J., Blaney, N., & Snapp, M. (1978). The jigsaw classroom. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
6. Bandura, A. (1999). Moral disengagement in the preparation of inhumanities. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3, 193-209. doi: 10.1207/s15327957pspr0303
7. Bar-Tal, D. (2000). Shared beliefs in a society: Social psychological analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
8. Baumrind, D. (1975). Early socialization and the discipline controversy. Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press.
9. Bilali, R. (2013). National narrative and social psychological influences in the Turkish denial of the Armenian Genocide. Journal of Social Issues, 69, 16-33.
10. Burg, S. L. (1997). Preventing ethnic conflict: Macedonia and the pluralist paradigm. Presentation at the Woodrow Wilson Center, February 19. Retrieved June, 2009, from http://www.wilsoncenter.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=topics.print_pub&doc_id=18947&group_id=7427&topic_id=1422&stoplayout=true
11. Carson, J. (2008, October 30). Ambassador Carson speaking on the panel "What went right, what went wrong in Kenya" at the Conference on the Prevention of Genocide, organized by the State Department, Washington, DC.
12. Des Forges, A. (1999). Leave none to tell the story: Genocide in Rwanda. New York, NY: Human Rights Watch.
13. Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., & Spinrad, T. L. (2006). Prosocial development. In W. Damon (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology, Volume 3: Social, emotional, and personality development (5th ed.), (pp. 646-718). New York, NY: Wiley.
14. Fein, H. (1979). Accounting for genocide: Victims and survivors of the Holocaust. New York: Free Press.
15. Gurr, T. R. (1970). Why men rebel. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
16. Hamburg, D. (2007). Preventing genocide: Practical steps toward early detection and effective action. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers.
17. Hammack, P. L. (2011). Narrative and the politics of identity: The cultural psychology of Israeli and Palestinian youth. New York: Oxford University Press.
18. Harff, B. (2003). No lessons learned from the Holocaust? Assessing risks of genocide and political mass murder since 1955. American Political Science Review, 97, 57-73. doi: 10.1017/S0003055403000522.
19. Hebert, B. (2009, January 21). A crazy dream. The New York Times, p. 19.
20. Helson, H. (1964). Adaptation Level Theory: An experimental and systematic approach to behavior. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
21. Hoffman, M. (2000). Empathy and moral development. New York: Cambridge University Press.
22. Jost, J. T., Banaji, M. R., & Nosek, B. A. (2004). A decade of system justification theory: Accumulated evidence of conscious and unconscious bolstering of the status quo. Political Psychology, 25, 881-920. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9221.2004.00402.x
23. Kelman, H. C., & Fisher, R. J. (2003). Conflict analysis and resolution. In D. Sears, L. Huddy, & R. Jervis (Eds.), Political psychology. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
24. Klar, Y., Shori-Eyal, N. & Klar, Y. (2013). The "Never Again" State of Israel: The emergence of the Holocaust as a core feature of Israeli identity and its four incongruent voices. Journal of Social Issues, 69, 125-143.
25. Kriesberg, L. (1998). Intractable conflicts. In E. Weiner (Ed.), The handbook of interethnic coexistence (pp. 332-342). New York, NY: Continuum.
26. Lerner, M. (1980). The belief in a just world: A fundamental delusion. New York: Plenum Press.
27. Lieberfeld, D. (2009). Lincoln, Mandela, and qualities of reconciliation-oriented leadership. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 15, 27-47. doi: 10.1080/10781910802589857.
28. Lindner, E. G. (2006). Making enemies: Humiliation and international conflict. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press and Praeger Publishers.
29. Long, W. J., & Brecke, P. (2003). War and reconciliation: Reason and emotion in conflict resolution. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
30. Maoz, I. (2004). Coexistence is in the eye of the beholder: Evaluating intergroup encounter interventions between Jews and Arabs in Israel. Journal of Social Issues, 60, 437-452. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-4537.2004.00119.x.
31. Mamdani, M. (2001). When victims become killers: Colonialism, nativism, and the genocide in Rwanda. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
32. Maslow, A. H. (1971). The farther reaches of human nature. New York, NY: Viking.
33. Melvern, L. (2004). Conspiracy to murder: The Rwanda genocide. London, U.K.: Verso.
34. McCauley, C. (2004). Psychological issues in understanding terrorism. In C. E. Stout (Ed.), Psychology of terrorism (pp. 33-67). Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
35. Oliner, S. B., & Oliner, P. (1988). The altruistic personality: Rescuers of Jews in Nazi Europe. New York, NY: Free Press.
36. Opotaw, S. (1990). Moral exclusion and injustice. Journal of Social Issues, 46, 1-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1990.tb00268.x
37. Paluck, E. L. (2009). Reducing intergroup prejudice and conflict using the media: A field experiment in Rwanda. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96, 574-587. doi: 10.1037/a0011989
38. Pearlman, L. A. (2001). The treatment of persons with complex PTSD and other trauma-related disruptions of the self. In J. P. Wilson, M. J. Friedman, & J. D. Lindy (Eds.), Treating psychological trauma & PTSD (pp. 205-236). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
39. Pearlman, L. A. (2013). Restoring self in community: Collective approaches to psychological trauma after genocide. Journal of Social Issues, 69, 111-124.
40. Pearlman, L. A., & Saakvitne, K. W. (1995). Trauma and the therapist: Countertransference and vicarious traumatization in psychotherapy with incest survivors. New York, NY: W.W. Norton.
41. Pettigrew, T., & Tropp, L. (2006). A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 751-783. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.751
42. Sageman, M. (2008). Leaderless jihad: Terror networks in the twenty-first century. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
43. Sherif, M., Harvey, D. J., White, B. J., Hood, W. K., & Sherif, C. W. (1961). Intergroup conflict and cooperation: The Robbers Cave experiment. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Book Exchange.
44. Sidanius, J., & Pratto, F. (1999). Social dominance: An intergroup theory of social hierarchy and oppression. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
45. th century. New York: Grove Press.
46. Staub, E. (1979). Positive social behavior and morality: Vol. 2. Socialization and development. New York, NY: Academic Press.
47. Staub, E. (1989). The roots of evil: The origins of genocide and other group violence. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
48. Staub, E. (1997). The psychology of rescue: Perpetrators, bystanders and heroic helpers. In J. Michalczyk (Ed.), Resisters, rescuers and refugees: Historical and ethical issues (pp. 137-147). Kansas City, MO: Sheed and Ward.
49. Staub, E. (1999). The origins and prevention of genocide, mass killing and other collective violence. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 5, 303-337.
50. Staub, E. (2000). Bystanders to violence. In the Encyclopedia of Violence in the United States. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
51. Staub, E. (2003). The psychology of good and evil: Why children, adults and groups help and harm others. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
52. Staub, E. (2005). The roots of goodness: The fulfillment of basic human needs and the development of caring, helping and nonaggression, inclusive caring, moral courage, active bystandership, and altruism born of suffering. In G. Carlo & C. Edwards (Eds.), Moral motivation through the life span: Theory, research, applications (pp. 33-73). Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. Lincoln, NE: Nebraska University Press.
53. Staub, E. (2006). Reconciliation after genocide, mass killing or intractable conflict: Understanding the roots of violence, psychological recovery and steps toward a general theory. Political Psychology, 27, 865-895. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9221.2006.00541.x.
54. Staub, E. (2007). Preventing violence and terrorism and promoting positive relations between Dutch and Muslim communities in Amsterdam. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 13, 333-361. doi: 10.1080/10781910701471397.
55. Staub, E. (2011). Overcoming evil: genocide, violent conflict and terrorism. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
56. Staub, E. (in press). The roots of goodness: inclusive caring, altruism born of suffering, moral courage, active bystandership and heroism. New York: Oxford University Press.
57. Staub, E., & Pearlman, L. A. (2009). Reducing intergroup prejudice and conflict: A commentary. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96, 588-594. doi: 10.1037/a0014045.
58. Staub, E., Pearlman, L. A., & Bilali, R. (2010). Understanding the roots and impact of violence and psychological recovery as avenues to reconciliation after mass violence and intractable conflict: Applications to national leaders, journalists, community groups, public education through radio, and children. In G. Salomon & E. Cairns (Eds.), Handbook of peace education (pp. 269-287). New York, NY: Psychology Press.
59. Staub, E., Pearlman, L. A., Gubin, A., & Hagengimana, A. (2005). Healing, reconciliation, forgiving and the prevention of violence after genocide or mass killing: An intervention and its experimental evaluation in Rwanda. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 24, 297-334. doi: 10.1521/jscp.24.3.297.65617.
60. Staub, E., & Vollhardt, J. (2008). Altruism born of suffering: The roots of caring and helping after experiences of personal and political victimization. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 78, 267-280. doi: 10.1037/a0014223.
61. Tajfel, H. (1978). Social categorization, social identity and social comparison. In H. Tajfel (Ed.), Differentiation between social groups (pp. 61-76). London, U.K.: Academic Press.
62. Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. (1986). The social identity theory of inter-group behavior. In S. Worchel & L. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations. Chicago, IL: Nelson-Hall.
63. Taylor, F. (Translator and editor) (1983). Goebbels' diaries, 1933-1941. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons.
64. Tec, N. (1986). When light pierced the darkness: Christian rescuers of Jews in Nazi occupied Poland. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
65. Thalhammer, K. E., O'Loughlin, P. L., Glazer, M. P., Glazer, P. M., McFarland, S., Shepela, S. T., & Stoltzfus, N. (2007). Courageous resistance: The power of ordinary people. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
66. Uvin, P. (1998). Aiding violence. The development enterprise in Rwanda. Sterling, VA: Kumarian Press.
67. Varshney, A. (2002). Ethnic conflict and civic life: Hindus and Muslims in India. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
68. Volkan, V. D. (2001). Transgenerational transmissions and chosen traumas: An aspect of large-group identity. Group Analysis, 34, 79-97. doi: 10.1177/05333160122077730.
69. Vollhardt, J. R. (2013). "Crime against Humanity" or "Crime against Jews"? Acknowledgment in construals of the Holocaust and its importance for intergroup relations. Journal of Social Issues, 69, 144-161.
70. Whiting, B. B., & Whiting, J. W. M. (1969). Children of six cultures: A psycho cultural analysis. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
71. Zimbardo, P. (2007). The Lucifer effect: Understanding how good people turn evil. New York, NY: Random House.