Biological influences on seafloor carbonate precipitation

Palaios

Volumn 28, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 99-115

  Bergmann, Kristin D ^a   Grotzinger, John P ^a   Fischer, Woodward W ^a  

^a CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARAGONITE; BIOACTIVITY; CARBONATE; CARBONATE PLATFORM; EDIACARAN; METABOLISM; MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; ORGANIC MATTER; PETROGENESIS; PRECIPITATION (CHEMISTRY); PROTEROZOIC; SEAFLOOR; SEDIMENT CHEMISTRY; SEDIMENT-WATER INTERFACE; TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION; TRACE ELEMENT;

BASIN AND RANGE PROVINCE; CANADA; NORTHWEST TERRITORIES; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84874600423     PISSN: 08831351     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2110/palo.2012.p12-088r     Document Type: Article

References (108)

1. ALLWOOD, A.C., GROTZINGER, J.P., KNOLL, A.H., BURCH, I.W., ANDERSON, M.S., COLEMAN, M.L., and KANIK, I., 2009, Controls on development and diversity of early Archean stromatolites: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 106, p. 9548-9555, doi: 10.1073/Pnas. 0903323106.
2. ANDERSON, L.A., 1995, On the hydrogen and oxygen content of marine phytoplankton: Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, v. 42, p. 1675-1680.
3. ANDRES, M.S., SUMNER, D.Y., REID, R.P., and SWART, P.K., 2006, Isotopic fingerprints of microbial respiration in aragonite from Bahamian stromatolites: Geology, v. 34, p. 973-976, doi: 10.1130/G22859a.1.
4. BABINSKI, M., VIEIRA, L.C., and TRINDADE, R.I.F., 2007, Direct dating of the Sete Lagoas cap carbonate (Bambui Group, Brazil) and implications for the Neoproterozoic glacial events: Terra Nova, v. 19, p. 401-406, doi: 10.1111/J.1365-3121.2007.00764.X.
5. BAMBACH, R.K., 2006, Phanerozoic biodiversity mass extinctions: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 34, p. 127-155, doi: 10.1146/Annurev. Earth.33.092203.122654.
6. BARTLEY, J.K., and KAH, L.C., 2004, Marine carbon reservoir, C-org-C-carb coupling, and the evolution of the Proterozoic carbon cycle: Geology, v. 32, p. 129-132, doi: 10.1130/G19939.1.
7. BARTLEY, J.K., KNOLL, A.H., GROTZINGER, J.P., and SERGEEV, V.N., 2000, Lithification and fabric genesis in precipitated stromatolites and associated peritidal carbonates, Mesoproterozoic Billyakh Group, Siberia, in Grotzinger, J.P., and James, N.P., eds., Carbonate Sedimentation and Diagenesis in the Evolving Precambrian World: Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) Special Publication 67, p. 59-73.
8. BAUD, A., RICHOZ, S., and PRUSS, S., 2007, The Lower Triassic anachronistic carbonate facies in space and time: Global and Planetary Change, v. 55, p. 81-89, doi: 10.1016/J.Gloplacha.2006.06.008.
9. BERGMANN, K.D., ZENTMYER, R.A., and FISCHER, W.W., 2011, The stratigraphic expression of a large negative carbon isotope excursion from the Ediacaran Johnnie Formation, Death Valley: Precambrian Research, v. 188, p. 45-56.
10. BEUKES, N.J., and KLEIN, C., 1990, Geochemistry and sedimentology of a facies transition-From microbanded to granular iron-formation-In the early Proterozoic Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa: Precambrian Research, v. 47, p. 99-139.
11. BROECKER, W.S., and TAKAHASHI, T., 1966, Calcium carbonate precipitation on Bahama Banks: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 71, p. 1575-1602.
12. BROECKER, W.S., LANGDON, C., and TAKAHASHI, T., 2001, Factors controlling the rate of CaCO3 precipitation on Great Bahama Bank: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 15, p. 589-596.
13. BURKHALTER, R.M., 1995, Ooidal ironstones and ferruginous microbialites: Origin and relation to sequence stratigraphy (Aalenian and Bajocian, Swiss Jura Mountains): Sedimentology, v. 42, p. 57-74.
14. CANFIELD, D.E., 1989, Sulfate reduction and oxic respiration in marine sediments: Implications for organic carbon preservation in euxinic environments: Deep-Sea Research Part a: Oceanographic Research Papers, v. 36, p. 121-138.
15. CANFIELD, D.E., and FARQUHAR, J., 2009, Animal evolution, bioturbation, and the sulfate concentration of the oceans: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 106, p. 8123-8127, doi: 10.1073/Pnas.0902037106.
16. CAO, C.Q., LOVE, G.D., HAYS, L.E.,WANG,W., SHEN, S.Z., and SUMMONS, R.E., 2009, Biogeochemical evidence for euxinic oceans and ecological disturbance presaging the end-Permian mass extinction event: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 281, p. 188-201, doi: 10.1016/J.Epsl.2009.02.012.
17. CLOUGH, J.G., and GOLDHAMMER, R.K., 2000, Evolution of the Neoproterozoic Katakturuk dolomite ramp complex, northeastern Brooks Range, Alaska, in Grotzinger, J.P., and James, N.P., eds., Carbonate sedimentation and diagenesis in the evolving Precambrian world: Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) Special Publication 67, p. 209-241.
18. CORSETTI, F.A., and GROTZINGER, J.P., 2005, Origin and significance of tube structures in Neoproterozoic post-glacial cap carbonates: Example from Noonday Dolomite, Death Valley, United States: PALAIOS, v. 20, p. 348-362, doi: 10.2110/Palo.2003.P03-96.
19. CORSETTI, F.A., and KAUFMAN, A.J., 2003, Stratigraphic investigations of carbon isotope anomalies and Neoproterozoic ice ages in Death Valley, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 115, p. 916-932.
20. CORSETTI, F.A., LORENTZ, N.J., and PRUSS, S.B., 2004, Formerly-aragonite seafloor fans from Neoproterozoic strata, Death Valley and southeastern Idaho, United States: Implications for "cap carbonate" formation and snowball Earth, in Jenkins, G.S., McMenamin, M.A.S., McKay, C.P., and Sohl, L., eds., The extreme Proterozoic Geology, Geochemistry and Climate, AGU Monograph, v. 146, p. 33-44, doi: 10.1029/146GM04.
21. DROSER, M.L., and BOTTJER, D.J., 1993, Trends and patterns of Phanerozoic ichnofabrics: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 21, p. 205-225.
22. DUPRAZ, C., REID, R.P., BRAISSANT, O., DECHO, A.W., NORMAN, R.S., and VISSCHER, P.T., 2009, Processes of carbonate precipitation in modern microbial mats: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 96, p. 141-162, doi: 10.1016/J.Earscirev.2008. 10.005.
23. FISCHER, W.W., and KNOLL, A.H., 2009, An iron shuttle for deepwater silica in late Archean and early Paleoproterozoic iron formation: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 121, p. 222-235, doi: 10.1130/B26328.1.
24. FISCHER, W.W., SCHROEDER, S., LACASSIE, J.P., BEUKES, N.J., GOLDBERG, T., STRAUSS, H., HORSTMANN, U.E., SCHRAG, D.P., and KNOLL, A.H., 2009, Isotopic constraints on the late Archean carbon cycle from the Transvaal Supergroup along the western margin of the Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa: Precambrian Research, v. 169, p. 15-27, doi: 10.1016/J.Precamres.2008.10.010.
25. FONT, E., NEDELEC, A., TRINDADE, R.I.F., MACoUIN, M., and CHARRIERE, A., 2006, Chemostratigraphy of the Neoproterozoic Mirassol d'Oeste cap dolostones (Mato Grosso, Brazil): An alternative model for Marinoan cap dolostone formation: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 250, p. 89-103, doi: 10.1016/J.Epsl.2006.06.047.
26. FRALICK, P., and PUFAHL, P.K., 2006, Iron formation in neoarchean deltaic successions and the microbially mediated deposition of transgressive systems tracts: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 76, p. 1057-1066, doi: 10.2110/Jsr.2006.095.
27. GINSBURG, R.N., and JAMES, N.P., 1976, Submarine botryoidal aragonite in Holocene reef limestones, Belize: Geology, v. 4, p. 431-436.
28. GRAMMER, G.M., GINSBURG, R.N., SWART, P.K., MCnEILL, D.F., JULL, A.J.T., and PREZBINDOWSKI, D.R., 1993, Rapid growth rates of syndepositional marine aragonite cements in steep marginal slope deposits, Bahamas and Belize: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 63, p. 983-989.
29. GRAMMER, G.M., CRESCINI, C.M., MCNEILL, D.F., and TAYLOR, L.H., 1999, Quantifying rates of syndepositional marine cementation in deeper platform environments: New insight into a fundamental process: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 69, p. 202-207.
30. GROTZINGER, J.P., 1986, Evolution of early Proterozoic passive-margin carbonate platform, Rocknest Formation, Wopmay Orogen, Northwest Territories, Canada: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 56, p. 831-847.
31. GROTZINGER, J.P., 1989, Facies and evolution of Precambrian carbonate depositional systems: Emergence of the modern platform archetype, in Crevello, P.D., Wilson, J.L., Sarg, J.F., and Read, J.F., eds., Controls on Carbonate Platform and Basin Development: Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) Special Publication 44, p. 79-106.
32. GROTZINGER, J.P., 1990, Geochemical model for Proterozoic stromatolite decline: American Journal of Science, v. 290A, p. 80-103.
33. GROTZINGER, J.P., 1993, New views of old carbonate sediments: Geotimes, v. 38, p. 12-15.
34. GROTZINGER, J.P., and FRIEDMAN, J.S., 1989, Occurrence of thick crusts of former botryoidal aragonite, Rifle and Beechey Formations (1.97 Ga), Kilohigok Basin, N.W.T: Geological Association of Canada Program with Abstract, v. 14, p. A77.
35. GROTZINGER, J.P., and JAMES, N.P., 2000, Precambrian carbonates: Evolution of understanding, in Grotzinger, J.P., and James, N.P., eds., Carbonate Sedimentation and Diagenesis in the Evolving Precambrian World: Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) Special Publication 67, p. 1-20.
36. GROTZINGER, J.P., and KASTING, J.F., 1993, New constraints on Precambrian ocean composition: Journal of Geology, v. 101, p. 235-243.
37. GROTZINGER, J.P., and KNOLL, A.H., 1995, Anomalous carbonate precipitates: Is the precambrian the key to the Permian?: PALAIOS, v. 10, p. 578-596.
38. GROTZINGER, J.P., and KNOLL, A.H., 1999, Stromatolites in Precambrian carbonates: Evolutionary mileposts or environmental dipstickS: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 27, p. 313-358.
39. GROTZINGER, J.P., and MCCORMICK, D.S., 1988, Flexure of the early Proterozoic lithosphere and the evolution of Kilohigok Basin (1.9 Ga), Northwest Canadian Shield, in Kleinsphen, K.L., and Paola, C., eds., New Perspectives in Basin Analysis: Springer-Verlag, New York, p. 405-430.
40. GROTZINGER, J.P., and READ, J.F., 1983, Evidence for primary aragonite precipitation, lower Proterozoic (1.9 Ga) Rocknest Dolomite, Wopmay Orogen, Northwest Canada: Geology, v. 11, p. 710-713.
41. GROTZINGER, J.P., FIKE, D.A., and FISCHER, W.W., 2011, Enigmatic origin of the largest-known carbon isotope excursion in Earth's history: Nature Geoscience, v. 4, p. 285-292, doi: 10.1038/NGEO1138.
42. HEGENBERGER, W., 1993, Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the late Precambrian Witvlei and Nama Groups east of Windhoek: Geological Survey of Namibia, Memoir 17, p. 82.
43. HEYDARI, E., and HASSANZADEH, J., 2003, Deev Jahi Model of the Permian-Triassic boundary mass extinction: A case for gas hydrates as the main cause of biological crisis on Earth: Sedimentary Geology, v. 163, p. 147-163, doi: 10.1016/J.Sedgeo.2003.08.002.
44. HEYDARI, E., HASSANZADEH, J.,WADE,W.J., and GHAZI, A.M., 2003, Permian-Triassic boundary interval in the Abadeh section of Iran with implications for mass extinction: Part 1: Sedimentology: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 193, p. 405-423, doi: 10.1016/S0031- 0182(03)00258-X.
45. HIGGINS, J.A., FISCHER, W.W., and SCHRAG, D.P., 2009, Oxygenation of the ocean and sediments: Consequences for the seafloor carbonate factory: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 284, p. 25-33, doi: 10.1016/J.Epsl.2009.03.039.
46. HOFFMAN, P.F., and SCHRAG, D.P., 2002, The snowball Earth hypothesis: Testing the limits of global change: Terra Nova, v. 14, p. 129-155.
47. HOFFMAN, P.F., KAUFMAN, A.J., HALVERSON, G.P., and SCHRAG, D.P., 1998, A Neoproterozoic snowball earth: Science, v. 281, p. 1342-1346.
48. HOFFMAN, P.F., HALVERSON, G.P., DOMACK, E.W., HUSSON, J.M., HIGGINS, J.A., and SCHRAG, D.P., 2007, Are basal Ediacaran (635 Ma) post-glacial "cap dolostones" diachronouS: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 258, p. 114-131, doi: 10.1016/J.Epsl.2007.03.032.
49. HOFMANN, A., DIRKS, P.H.G.M., and JELSMA, H.A., 2004, Shallowing-upward carbonate cycles in the Belingwe Greenstone Belt, Zimbabwe: A record of Archean sea-level oscillations: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 74, p. 64-81.
50. HOFMANN, H.J., and JACKSON, G.D., 1987, Proterozoic ministromatolites with radialfibrous fabric: Sedimentology, v. 34, p. 963-971.
51. HOTINSKI, R.M., KUMP, L.R., and ARTHUR, M.A., 2004, The effectiveness of the Paleoproterozoic biological pump: A delta C-13 gradient from platform carbonates of the Pethei Group (Great Slave Lake Supergroup, NWT): Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 116, p. 539-554, doi: 10.1130/B25272.1.
52. HU, X.P., and BURDIGE, D.J., 2007, Enriched stable carbon isotopes in the pore waters of carbonate sediments dominated by seagrasses: Evidence for coupled carbonate dissolution and reprecipitation: Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 71, p. 129-144, doi: 10.1016/J.Gca.2006.08.043.
53. HU, X.P., and BURDIGE, D.J., 2008, Shallow marine carbonate dissolution and early diagenesis: Implications from an incubation study: Journal of Marine Research, v. 66, p. 489-527.
54. ISOZAKI, Y., 1997, Permo-Triassic Boundary superanoxia and stratified superocean: Records from lost deep sea: Science, v. 276, p. 235-238.
55. JAMES, N.P., NARBONNE, G.M., and KYSER, T.K., 2001, Late Neoproterozoic cap carbonates: Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada: Precipitation and global glacial meltdown: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 38, p. 1229-1262.
56. KAH, L.C., and KNOLL, A.H., 1996, Microbenthic distribution of proterozoic tidal flats: Environmental and taphonomic considerations: Geology, v. 24, p. 79-82.
57. KAUFMAN, A.J., CORSETTI, F.A., and VARNI, M.A., 2007, The effect of rising atmospheric oxygen on carbon and sulfur isotope anomalies in the Neoproterozoic Johnnie Formation, Death Valley, USA: Chemical Geology, v. 237, p. 47-63, doi: 10.1016/J.Chemgeo.2006.06.023.
58. KENNEDY, M.J., 1996, Stratigraphy, sedimentology, and isotopic geochemistry of Australian Neoproterozoic postglacial cap dolostones: Deglaciation, delta C-13 excursions, and carbonate precipitation: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 66, p. 1050-1064.
59. KHARECHA, P., KASTING, J., and SIEFERT, J., 2005, A coupled atmosphere-ecosystem model of the early Archean Earth: Geobiology, v. 3, p. 53-76, doi: 10.1111/J.1472-4669.2005.00049.X.
60. KIDWELL, S.M., and BRENCHLEY, P.J., 1994, Patterns in bioclastic accumulation through the Phanerozoic: Changes in input or in destruction: Geology, v. 22, p. 1139-1143.
61. KLEIN, C., and FINK, R.P., 1976, Petrology of Sokoman iron formation in Howells River area, at western edge of Labrador Trough: Economic Geology, v. 71, p. 453-487.
62. KNOLL, A.H., and FISCHER, W.W., 2011, Skeletons and ocean chemistry: The long view, in Gattuso, J.P., and Hansson, L., eds., Ocean Acidification: Oxford University Press, New York, p. 67-82.
63. KNOLL, A.H., BAMBACH, R.K., CANFIELD, D.E., and GROTZINGER, J.P., 1996, Comparative earth history and late Permian mass extinction: Science, v. 273, p. 452-457.
64. KU, T.C.W., WALTER, L.M., COLEMAN, M.L., BLAKE, R.E., and MARTINI, A.M., 1999, Coupling between sulfur recycling and syndepositional carbonate dissolution: Evidence from oxygen and sulfur isotope composition of pore water sulfate, South Florida Platform, USA: Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 63, p. 2529-2546.
65. KUSKY, T.P., and HUDLESTON, P.J., 1999, Growth and demise of an Archean carbonate platform, Steep Rock Lake, Ontario, Canada: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 36, p. 565-584.
66. LOGAN, G.A., HAYES, J.M., HIESHIMA, G.B., and SUMMONS, R.E., 1995, Terminal Proterozoic reorganization of biogeochemical cycles: Nature, v. 376, p. 53-56.
67. LORENTZ, N.J., CORSETTI, F.A., and LINK, P.K., 2004, Seafloor precipitates and Cisotope stratigraphy from the Neoproterozoic Scout Mountain Member of the Pocatello Formation, southeast Idaho: Implications for Neoproterozoic earth system behavior: Precambrian Research, v. 130, p. 57-70, doi: 10.1016/J/Precamres.2003.10.017.
68. MACDONALD, F.A., JONES, D.S., and SCHRAG, D.P., 2009a, Stratigraphic and tectonic implications of a newly discovered glacial diamictite-cap carbonate couplet in southwestern Mongolia: Geology, v. 37, p. 123-126, doi: 10.1130/G24797a.1.
69. MACDONALD, F.A., MCCLELLAND, W.C., SCHRAG, D.P., and MACdONALD, W.P., 2009b, Neoproterozoic glaciation on a carbonate platform margin in Arctic Alaska and the origin of the North Slope subterrane: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 121, p. 448-473, doi: 10.1130/B26401.1.
70. MAZZULLO, S.J., and CYS, J.M., 1979, marine aragonite sea-floor growths and cements in Permian phylloid algal mounds, Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 49, p. 917-936.
71. MILLERO, F.J., 2007, The marine inorganic carbon cycle: Chemical Reviews, v. 107, p. 308-341, doi: 10.1021/Cr0503557.
72. MORSE, J.W., GLEDHILL, D.K., andMILLERO, F.J., 2003, CaCO3 precipitation kinetics in waters from the Great Bahama Bank: Implications for the relationship between Bank hydrochemistry and whitings: Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 67, p. 2819-2826, doi: 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00103-0.
73. MORSE, J.W., ARVIDSON, R.S., and LUTTGE, A., 2007, Calcium carbonate formation and dissolution: Chemical Reviews, v. 107, p. 342-381, doi: 10.1021/Cr050358j.
74. PAYNE, J.L., LEHRMANN, D.J., FOLLETT, D., SEIBEL, M., KUMP, L.R., RICCARDI, A., ALTINER, D., SANO, H., and WEI, J., 2007, Erosional truncation of uppermost Permian shallow-marine carbonates and implications for Permian-Triassic boundary events: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 119, p. 771-784, doi: 10.1130/B26091.1.
75. PERYT, T.M., HOPPE, A., BECHSTADT, T., KOSTER, J., PIERRE, C., and RICHTER, D.K., 1990, Late Proterozoic aragonitic cement crusts, Bambui Group, Minas-Gerais, Brazil: Sedimentology, v. 37, p. 279-286.
76. PETTERSON, R., PRAVE, A.R., WERNICKE, B.P., and FALLICK, A.E., 2011, The Neoproterozoic Noonday Formation, Death Valley region, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 123, p. 1317-1336, doi: 10.1130/B30281.1.
77. POULTON, S.W., FRALICK, P.W., and CANFIELD, D.E., 2004, The transition to a sulphidic ocean similar to 1.84 billion years ago: Nature, v. 431, p. 173-177, doi: 10.1038/Nature02912.
78. PRUSS, S.B., BOTTJER, D.J., CORSETTI, F.A., and BAUD, A., 2006, A global marine sedimentary response to the end-Permian mass extinction: Examples from southern Turkey and the western United States: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 78, p. 193-206, doi: 10.1016/J.Earscirev.2006.05.002.
79. PRUSS, S.B., CORSETTI, F.A., and FISCHER, W.W., 2008, Seafloor-precipitated carbonate fans in the Neoproterozoic Rainstorm Member, Johnnie Formation, Death Valley Region, USA: Sedimentary Geology, v. 207, p. 34-40, doi: 10.1016/J.Sedgeo.2008.03.005.
80. REID, R.P., VISSCHER, P.T., DECHO, A.W., STOLZ, J.F., BEBOUT, B.M., DUPRAZ, C., MACINTYRE, L.G., PAERL, H.W., PINCKNEY, J.L., PRUFERT-BEBOUT, L., STEPPE, T.F., and DESMARAIS, D.J., 2000, The role of microbes in accretion, lamination and early lithification of modern marine stromatolites: Nature, v. 406, p. 989-992.
81. RICHTER, D.K., NEUSER, R.D., SCHREUER, J., GIES, H., and IMMENHAUSER, A., 2011, Radiaxial-fibrous calcites: A new look at an old problem: Sedimentary Geology, v. 239, p. 23-36.
82. SAMI, T.T., and JAMES, N.P., 1996, Synsedimentary cements as Paleoproterozoic platform building blocks, Pethei Group, northwestern Canada: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 66, p. 209-222.
83. SANDBERG, P.A., 1985, Aragonite cements and their occurence in ancient limestone, in Schneidermann, N., and Harris, P.M., eds., Carbonate Cements: Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) Special Publication 36, p. 33-57.
84. SAYLOR, B.Z., KAUFMAN, A.J., GROTZINGER, J.P., and URBAN, F., 1998, A composite reference section for terminal Proterozoic strata of southern Namibia: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 68, p. 1223-1235.
85. SEONG-JOO, L., and GOLUBIC, S., 2000, Biological and mineral components of an ancient stromatolite: Geoyuzhuang Formation, Mesoproterozoic of China, in Grotzinger, J.P., and James, N.P., eds., Carbonate Sedimentation and Diagenesis in the Evolving Precambrian World: Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) Special Publication 67, p. 91-102.
86. SEPKOSKI, J.J., BAMBACH, R.K., and DROSER, M.L., 1991, Secular changes in Phanerozoic event bedding and the biological overprint, in Einsele, G., Ricken, W., and Seilacher, A., eds., Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy: Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p. 298-312.
87. SIMONSON, B.M., 1985, Sedimentology of cherts in the early Proterozoic Wishart Formation, Quebec Newfoundland, Canada: Sedimentology, v. 32, p. 23-40.
88. SIMONSON, B.M., 1987, Early silica cementation and subsequent diagenesis in arenites from 4 early Proterozoic iron formations of North America: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 57, p. 494-511.
89. SIMONSON, B.M., and HASSLER, S.W., 1996, Was the deposition of large precambrian iron formations linked to major marine transgressionS: Journal of Geology, v. 104, p. 665-676.
90. SOETAERT, K., HOFMANN, A.F., MIDDELBURG, J.J., MEYSMAN, F.J.R., and GREENWOOD, J., 2007, The effect of biogeochemical processes on pH: Marine Chemistry, v. 105, p. 30-51, doi: 10.1016/J.Marchen.2006.12.012.
91. SUMMA, C., 1993, Sedimentologic, stratigraphic, and tectonic controls of a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic succession: Neoproterozoic Johnnie formation, southeast California: Ph.D. thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 331 p.
92. SUMNER, D.Y., and GROTZINGER, J.P., 1993, Numerical modeling of ooid size and the problem of Neoproterozoic giant ooids: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 63, p. 974-982.
93. SUMNER, D.Y., and GROTZINGER, J.P., 1996a, Herringbone calcite: Petrography and environmental significance: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 66, p. 419-429.
94. SUMNER, D.Y., and GROTZINGER, J.P., 1996b, Were kinetics of Archean calcium carbonate precipitation related to oxygen concentration?: Geology, v. 24, p. 119-122.
95. SUMNER, D.Y., and GROTZINGER, J.P., 2000, Late Archean aragonite precipitation: Petrography, facies associations and environmental significance, in Grotzinger, J.P., and James, N.P., eds., Carbonate Sedimentation and Diagenesis in the Evolving Precambrian World: Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) Special Publication 67, p. 123-144.
96. SUMNER, D.Y., and GROTZINGER, J.P., 2004, Implications for Neoarchaean ocean chemistry from primary carbonate mineralogy of the Campbellrand-Malmani Platform, South Africa: Sedimentology, v. 51, p. 1273-1299, doi: 10.1111/J.1365-3091.2004.00670.X.
97. VERDEL, C., WERNICKE, B.P., and BOWRING, S.A., 2011, The Shuram and subsequent Ediacaran carbon isotope excursions from southwest Laurentia, and implications for environmental stability during the metazoan radiation: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 123, p. 1539-1559.
98. WALKER, J.C.G., 1984, Suboxic diagenesis in banded iron formations: Nature, v. 309, p. 340-342.
99. WALTER, L.M., and BURTON, E.A., 1990, Dissolution of recent platform carbonate sediments in marine pore fluids: American Journal of Science, v. 290, p. 601-643.
100. WALTER, L.M., BISCHOF, S.A., PATTERSON, W.P., and LYONS, T.W., 1993, Dissolution and recrystallization in modern shelf carbonates: Evidence from pore-water and solid-phase chemistry: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series a: Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, v. 344, p. 27-36.
101. WIGNALL, P.B., 1994, Black Shales: Oxford University Press, Oxford, 127 p.
102. WILSON, M.A., and PALMER, T.J., 1992, Hardgrounds and Hardground Faunas: University of Wales, Aberystwyth, Wales, Institute of Earth Studies Publications, v. 9, p. 1-131.
103. WINEFIELD, P.R., 2000, Development of late Paleoproterozoic aragonitic seafloor cements in the McArthur Group, Northern Australia, in Grotzinger, J.P., and James, N.P., eds., Carbonate Sedimentation and Diagenesis in the Evolving Precambrian World: Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) Special Publication 67, p. 145-159.
104. WOODS, A.D., and BAUD, A., 2008, Anachronistic facies from a drowned Lower Triassic carbonate platform: Lower member of the Alwa Formation (Ba'id Exotic), Oman Mountains: Sedimentary Geology, v. 209, p. 1-14, doi: 10.1016/J.Sedgeo.2008.06.002.
105. WOODS, A.D., BOTTJER, D.J., MUTTI, M., and MORRISON, J., 1999, Lower Triassic large sea-floor carbonate cements: Their origin and a mechanism for the prolonged biotic recovery from the end-Permian mass extinction: Geology, v. 27, p. 645-648.
106. WOODS, A.D., BOTTJER, D.J., and CORSETTI, F.A., 2007, Calcium carbonate seafloor precipitates from the outer shelf to slope facies of the Lower Triassic (Smithian-Spathian) Union Wash Formation, California, USA: Sedimentology and palaeobiologic significance: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology. Palaeoecology, v. 252, p. 281-290, doi: 10.1016/J.Palaeo.2006.11.053.
107. XIAO, S.H., KNOLL, A.H., KAUFMAN, A.J., YIN, L.M., and ZHANG, Y., 1997, Neoproterozoic fossils in Mesoproterozoic rockS Chemostratigraphic resolution of a biostratigraphic conundrum from the north China platform: Precambrian Research, v. 84, p. 197-220.
108. ZEEBE, R.E., and WOLF-GLADROW, D.A., 2001, CO2 in Seawater: Equilibrium, Kinetics, Isotopes: Elsevier, Boston, 346 p.