메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 64-88

Thermo-hydro and thermo-hydro-mechanical wood processing: An opportunity for future environmentally friendly wood products

Author keywords

Ageing; bending; densification; heat treatment; modification; value added; welding

Indexed keywords

AGEING; BASIC CONCEPTS; CHEMICAL CHANGE; CURRENT STATUS; ECO-FRIENDLY; ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY; HEATED WOOD; INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION; MECHANICAL FORCE; MODIFICATION; RESEARCH INSTITUTES; RESEARCH RESULTS; SCALING-UP; TRANSVERSE DIRECTIONS; UNSOLVED PROBLEMS; VALUE ADDED; WOOD PROCESSING; WOOD PROPERTIES; WOOD TRANSFORMATIONS; WOOD WELDING;

EID: 84874483063     PISSN: 17480272     EISSN: 17480280     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/17480272.2012.751935     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (262)

References (185)
  • 1
    • 84874501284 scopus 로고
    • Fine wood-work
    • In: Singer C., Holmyard E. J., Hall A. R., editors New York, London, New York, London,: Oxford University Press
    • Aldred, C. 1954. "Fine wood-work". In A History of Technology. Volume 1: From Early Times to Fall of Ancient Empires, Edited by: Singer, C., Holmyard, E. J. and Hall, A. R. 697New York, London: Oxford University Press.
    • (1954) A History of Technology. Volume 1: From Early Times to Fall of Ancient Empires , pp. 697
    • Aldred, C.1
  • 2
    • 0141853041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of high temperature on the change in color, dimensional stability and mechanical properties of spruce wood
    • Bekhta, P. and Niemz, P. 2003. Effect of high temperature on the change in color, dimensional stability and mechanical properties of spruce wood. Holzforschung, 57: 539-546. doi:10.1515/HF.2003.080
    • (2003) Holzforschung , vol.57 , pp. 539-546
    • Bekhta, P.1    Niemz, P.2
  • 6
    • 0003099736 scopus 로고
    • Dynamischer hydrothermaler Abbau von Holz
    • Bobleter, O. and Binder, H. 1980. Dynamischer hydrothermaler Abbau von Holz [Dynamic hydrothermal degradation of wood]. Holzforschung, 34: 48-51. doi:10.1515/hfsg.1980.34.2.48
    • (1980) Holzforschung , vol.34 , pp. 48-51
    • Bobleter, O.1    Binder, H.2
  • 8
    • 33646873521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical analysis of heat treated softwoods
    • Boonstra, M. J. and Tjeerdsma, B. F. 2006. Chemical analysis of heat treated softwoods. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 64: 204-211. doi:10.1007/s00107-005-0078-4
    • (2006) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.64 , pp. 204-211
    • Boonstra, M.J.1    Tjeerdsma, B.F.2
  • 9
    • 36248944159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strength properties of thermally modified softwoods and its relations to polymeric structural wood constituent
    • Boonstra, M. J., van Acker, J., Tjeerdsma, B. F. and Kegel, E. V. 2007. Strength properties of thermally modified softwoods and its relations to polymeric structural wood constituent. Annals of Forest Science, 64: 679-690. doi:10.1051/forest:2007048
    • (2007) Annals of Forest Science , vol.64 , pp. 679-690
    • Boonstra, M.J.1    van Acker, J.2    Tjeerdsma, B.F.3    Kegel, E.V.4
  • 10
    • 0001411683 scopus 로고
    • Characterisation and analysis of torrefied wood
    • Bourgois, J. and Guyonnet, R. 1988. Characterisation and analysis of torrefied wood. Wood Science and Technology, 22: 143-155. doi:10.1007/BF00355850
    • (1988) Wood Science and Technology , vol.22 , pp. 143-155
    • Bourgois, J.1    Guyonnet, R.2
  • 12
    • 0000765164 scopus 로고
    • Effect of heat-pressure treatments of semi-dry wood on its dimensional stability
    • Burmester, A. 1973. Effect of heat-pressure treatments of semi-dry wood on its dimensional stability. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 31: 237-243. doi:10.1007/BF02607268
    • (1973) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.31 , pp. 237-243
    • Burmester, A.1
  • 13
    • 84874501212 scopus 로고
    • Erfolgreiche Quellungsvergütung mit einfachen Mitteln. 1. Die Wärme-Druck-Behandlung - ein Verfahren mit guten Voraussetzungen für die Realisierung
    • Burmester, A. 1974a. Erfolgreiche Quellungsvergütung mit einfachen Mitteln. 1. Die Wärme-Druck-Behandlung-ein Verfahren mit guten Voraussetzungen für die Realisierung [Successful reduction of swelling properties with simple means. 1. The heat and pressure treatment-a procedure with good conditions for the realization]. Holz- und Kunststoffverarbeitung, 8: 534-538.
    • (1974) Holz- und Kunststoffverarbeitung , vol.8 , pp. 534-538
    • Burmester, A.1
  • 14
    • 85025056883 scopus 로고
    • Erfolgreiche Quellungsvergütung mit einfachen Mitteln. 2. Die Wärme-Druck-Behandlung - Behandlung von Holzwerkstoffen-technische Durchführung-Wirtschaftlichkeit
    • Burmester, A. 1974b. Erfolgreiche Quellungsvergütung mit einfachen Mitteln. 2. Die Wärme-Druck-Behandlung-Behandlung von Holzwerkstoffen-technische Durchführung-Wirtschaftlichkeit [Successful reduction of swelling properties with simple means. 2. The heat and pressure treatment-wood treatment process-implementation-economy]. Holz- und Kunststoffverarbeitung, 9: 610-613.
    • (1974) Holz- und Kunststoffverarbeitung , vol.9 , pp. 610-613
    • Burmester, A.1
  • 15
    • 0012858711 scopus 로고
    • Zur Dimensionsstabilisierung von Holz
    • Burmester, A. 1975. Zur Dimensionsstabilisierung von Holz [The dimensional stabilization of wood]. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 33: 333-335. doi:10.1007/BF02612789
    • (1975) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.33 , pp. 333-335
    • Burmester, A.1
  • 16
    • 0000754849 scopus 로고
    • Chromatographic analysis of biomass reaction products produced by hydrothermolysis of Poplar wood
    • Burtscher, E., Bobleter, O., Schwald, W., Concin, R. and Binder, H. 1987. Chromatographic analysis of biomass reaction products produced by hydrothermolysis of Poplar wood. Journal of Chromatography, 390: 401-412. doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(01)94391-2
    • (1987) Journal of Chromatography , vol.390 , pp. 401-412
    • Burtscher, E.1    Bobleter, O.2    Schwald, W.3    Concin, R.4    Binder, H.5
  • 17
    • 0000529858 scopus 로고
    • Kinetic study of dilute-acid prehydrolysis of xylan-containing biomass
    • Carrasco, F. and Roy, C. 1992. Kinetic study of dilute-acid prehydrolysis of xylan-containing biomass. Wood Science and Technology, 26: 189-208.
    • (1992) Wood Science and Technology , vol.26 , pp. 189-208
    • Carrasco, F.1    Roy, C.2
  • 18
    • 33646871609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contact thermal post-treatment of oriented strandboard to improve dimensional stability: A preliminary study
    • Del Menezzi, C. H. S. and Tomaselli, I. 2006. Contact thermal post-treatment of oriented strandboard to improve dimensional stability: A preliminary study. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 64: 212-217. doi:10.1007/s00107-005-0052-1
    • (2006) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.64 , pp. 212-217
    • Del Menezzi, C.H.S.1    Tomaselli, I.2
  • 19
    • 0344314220 scopus 로고
    • Potential of steaming hardwoods and straw for feed and food production
    • Dietrichs, H. H., Sinner, H. and Puls, J. 1978. Potential of steaming hardwoods and straw for feed and food production. Holzforschung, 32: 193-199. doi:10.1515/hfsg.1978.32.6.193
    • (1978) Holzforschung , vol.32 , pp. 193-199
    • Dietrichs, H.H.1    Sinner, H.2    Puls, J.3
  • 25
    • 0004981166 scopus 로고
    • Activated self-bonding of wood and agricultural residues
    • Ellis, S. and Paszner, L. 1994. Activated self-bonding of wood and agricultural residues. Holzforschung, 48: 82-90. doi:10.1515/hfsg.1994.48.s1.82
    • (1994) Holzforschung , vol.48 , pp. 82-90
    • Ellis, S.1    Paszner, L.2
  • 26
    • 0029493250 scopus 로고
    • Accelerated vs natural aging: Effect of aging conditions on the aging process of cellulose
    • In: Vandiver P. B., editors In, May, Cancun Mexico, Material Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Cambridge, Cambrige University Press, available at:
    • Erhardt, D. and Mecklenburg, M. F. 1995 Accelerated vs natural aging: Effect of aging conditions on the aging process of cellulose. In P. B. Vandiver. Material Issues in Art and Archaeology IV: Proceedings from the 4th Symposium on Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology, May 16-21, Cancun Mexico, Material Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Cambridge: Cambrige University Press, Vol. 352, pp. 247-270, available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/PROC-352-247
    • (1995) , vol.352 , pp. 247-270
    • Erhardt, D.1    Mecklenburg, M.F.2
  • 27
    • 0040429810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New versus old wood: Differences and similarities in physical, mechanical, and chemical properties
    • In: Brigdland J., editors In, Paris, The International Council of Museums [ICOM]
    • thTriennial Meeting (Paris: The International Council of Museums [ICOM]), Vol. 2, 903-910.
    • (1996) , vol.2 , pp. 903-910
    • Erhardt, D.1    Mecklenburg, M.F.2    Tumosa, C.S.3    Olstad, T.M.4
  • 29
    • 46649094026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pine wood modification by heat treatment in air
    • Esteves, B., Domingos, I. and Pereira, H. 2008a. Pine wood modification by heat treatment in air. BioResources, 3(1): 142-154.
    • (2008) BioResources , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 142-154
    • Esteves, B.1    Domingos, I.2    Pereira, H.3
  • 30
    • 84874487425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation of dimensional stability and durability of eucalypt wood by heat treatment
    • In: Fernando J. C., editors In, Oporto, Portugal, Oporto,: Fernado Pessoa University
    • Esteves, B., Domingos, I., Velez Marques, A., Nunes, L. and Pereira, H. 2006 Variation of dimensional stability and durability of eucalypt wood by heat treatment. In J. C. Fernando Proceedings of ECOWOOD 2006, 2nd International Conference on Environmentally-Compatible Forest Products Oporto, Portugal: Fernado Pessoa University pp. 185-194.
    • (2006) , pp. 185-194
    • Esteves, B.1    Domingos, I.2    Velez Marques, A.3    Nunes, L.4    Pereira, H.5
  • 31
    • 44949143293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extractive composition and summative chemical analysis of thermally treated eucalypt wood
    • Esteves, B., Graca, J. and Pereira, H. 2008b. Extractive composition and summative chemical analysis of thermally treated eucalypt wood. Holzforschung, 62: 344-351. doi:10.1515/HF.2008.057
    • (2008) Holzforschung , vol.62 , pp. 344-351
    • Esteves, B.1    Graca, J.2    Pereira, H.3
  • 32
    • 84887140479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Brussels, Brussels,: European Committee for Standardization
    • European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2008. CEN/TS 15679 Thermal Modified Timber-Definitions and Characteristics Brussels: European Committee for Standardization.
    • (2008) CEN/TS 15679 Thermal Modified Timber - Definitions and Characteristics
  • 34
    • 59049089332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of chemically modified wood with VTC process to improve dimensional stability
    • Gabrielli, C. and Kamke, F. A. 2008. Treatment of chemically modified wood with VTC process to improve dimensional stability. Forest Products Journal, 58: 82-86.
    • (2008) Forest Products Journal , vol.58 , pp. 82-86
    • Gabrielli, C.1    Kamke, F.A.2
  • 38
    • 84860622899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural and artificial ageing of spruce wood as observed by FTIR-ATR and UVRR spectroscopy
    • Ganne-Chédeville, C., Jääskeläinen, A.-S., Froidevaux, J., Huges, M. and Navi, P. 2012b. Natural and artificial ageing of spruce wood as observed by FTIR-ATR and UVRR spectroscopy. Holzforschung, 66(2): 163-170.
    • (2012) Holzforschung , vol.66 , Issue.2 , pp. 163-170
    • Ganne-Chédeville, C.1    Jääskeläinen, A.-S.2    Froidevaux, J.3    Huges, M.4    Navi, P.5
  • 46
    • 84948728504 scopus 로고
    • Dimensionsstabilisierung von Holz durch eine Feuchte-Wärme-Drück-Behandlung
    • Giebeler, E. 1983. Dimensionsstabilisierung von Holz durch eine Feuchte-Wärme-Drück-Behandlung [Dimensional stabilization of wood by moisture-heat-treatment]. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 41: 87-94. doi:10.1007/BF02608498
    • (1983) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.41 , pp. 87-94
    • Giebeler, E.1
  • 47
    • 79951813422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 analysis of timber substitution in construction
    • 2 analysis of timber substitution in construction. Climatic Change, 105(1/2): 129-153. doi:10.1007/s10584-010-9876-8
    • (2011) Climatic Change , vol.105 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 129-153
    • Gustavsson, L.1    Sathre, R.2
  • 48
    • 84874466889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manufacturing of wooden profiles by forming
    • In: Navi P., editorsGuidom A., editors In, May, Lausanne, Switzerland, Lausanne,: PPUR
    • Haller, P. 2007 Manufacturing of wooden profiles by forming. In P. Navi and A. Guidom Proceedings of Third International Symposium on Wood Machining-Fracture Mechanics and Micromechanics of Wood Composites With Regard to Wood Machining, 21-23 May Lausanne, Switzerland: PPUR, pp. 159-162.
    • (2007) , pp. 159-162
    • Haller, P.1
  • 49
    • 84874468416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental study of the effect of a laser beam on the morphology of wood surfaces
    • In: Navi P., editors In, April, Lausanne
    • Haller, P., Beyer, E., Wiedemann, G., Panzner, M. and Wust, H. 2001 Experimental study of the effect of a laser beam on the morphology of wood surfaces. In P. Navi First International Conference of the European Society for Wood Mechanics, 19-21 April, Lausanne, Switzerland.
    • (2001)
    • Haller, P.1    Beyer, E.2    Wiedemann, G.3    Panzner, M.4    Wust, H.5
  • 50
    • 10844288828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Festigkeitsuntersuchungen an Fichtenpressholz (FPH)
    • Haller, P. and Wehsener, J. 2004. Festigkeitsuntersuchungen an Fichtenpressholz (FPH) [Mechanical properties of densified spruce]. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 62: 452-454.
    • (2004) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.62 , pp. 452-454
    • Haller, P.1    Wehsener, J.2
  • 54
    • 27544497711 scopus 로고
    • The simultaneous drying and densification of sapwood
    • Haygreen, J. G. and Daniels, D. H. 1969. The simultaneous drying and densification of sapwood. Wood and Fiber Science, 1: 38-53.
    • (1969) Wood and Fiber Science , vol.1 , pp. 38-53
    • Haygreen, J.G.1    Daniels, D.H.2
  • 56
    • 84989704645 scopus 로고
    • Das Schweissen thermoplastischer Kunststoffe
    • Deutsche Reich Patent 739 340, 1938
    • Henning, A. 1942. Das Schweissen thermoplastischer Kunststoffe [The welding of thermoplastic materials] Deutsche Reich Patent 739 340, 1938. Kunststoffe, 32: 103-109.
    • (1942) Kunststoffe , vol.32 , pp. 103-109
    • Henning, A.1
  • 58
    • 0007624723 scopus 로고
    • The role of wood characteristics in high temperature drying
    • Hillis, W. E. 1975. The role of wood characteristics in high temperature drying. Journal of the Institute of Wood Science, 7: 60-67.
    • (1975) Journal of the Institute of Wood Science , vol.7 , pp. 60-67
    • Hillis, W.E.1
  • 59
    • 33751313336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specialty treatments
    • In, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-190, Madison, WI, Madison, WI,: Forest Products Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service
    • Ibach, R. E. 2010 Specialty treatments. In Wood Handbook-Wood as an Engineering Material. Chapter 19. Forest Products Laboratory. General Technical Report FPL-GTR-190 Madison, WI: Forest Products Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, pp. 19-1-19-1619-1-19-16.
    • (2010) Wood Handbook - Wood as an Engineering Material. Chapter 19. Forest Products Laboratory , pp. 1-16
    • Ibach, R.E.1
  • 60
    • 0542435629 scopus 로고
    • Surface compression on coniferous wood lumber. Part I. A new technique to compress the surface layer
    • Inoue, M., Norimoto, M., Otsuka, Y. and Yamada, T. 1990. Surface compression on coniferous wood lumber. Part I. A new technique to compress the surface layer. Mokuzai Gakkaishi, 36: 969-975.
    • (1990) Mokuzai Gakkaishi , vol.36 , pp. 969-975
    • Inoue, M.1    Norimoto, M.2    Otsuka, Y.3    Yamada, T.4
  • 62
    • 0000798571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compressive-molding of wood by high-pressure steam-treatment: Part 2. Mechanism of permanent fixation
    • Ito, Y., Tanahashi, M., Shigematsu, M. and Shinoda, Y. 1998a. Compressive-molding of wood by high-pressure steam-treatment: Part 2. Mechanism of permanent fixation. Holzforschung, 52: 217-221. doi:10.1515/hfsg.1998.52.2.217
    • (1998) Holzforschung , vol.52 , pp. 217-221
    • Ito, Y.1    Tanahashi, M.2    Shigematsu, M.3    Shinoda, Y.4
  • 63
    • 0000436992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compressive-molding of wood by high-pressure steam-treatment: Part 1. Development of compressively molded squares from thinnings
    • Ito, Y., Tanahashi, M., Shigematsu, M., Shinoda, Y. and Otha, C. 1998b. Compressive-molding of wood by high-pressure steam-treatment: Part 1. Development of compressively molded squares from thinnings. Holzforschung, 52: 211-216. doi:10.1515/hfsg.1998.52.2.211
    • (1998) Holzforschung , vol.52 , pp. 211-216
    • Ito, Y.1    Tanahashi, M.2    Shigematsu, M.3    Shinoda, Y.4    Otha, C.5
  • 64
    • 0034545138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term natural weathering of coated Thermowood
    • Jämsä, S., Ahola, P. and Viitaniemi, P. 2000. Long-term natural weathering of coated Thermowood. Pigment and Resin Technology, 29: 68-74. doi:10.1108/03699420010317807
    • (2000) Pigment and Resin Technology , vol.29 , pp. 68-74
    • Jämsä, S.1    Ahola, P.2    Viitaniemi, P.3
  • 65
    • 23844456700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat treatment of wood. Better durability without chemicals
    • In
    • Jämsä, S. and Viitaniemi, P. 1998 Heat treatment of wood. Better durability without chemicals. In: Proceedings from Nordiske Trebeskyttelsesdager, 47-51.
    • (1998) , pp. 47-51
    • Jämsä, S.1    Viitaniemi, P.2
  • 66
    • 23844456700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat treatment of wood: Better durability without chemicals
    • In: Rapp A. O., editors In, 9 February, Antibes
    • Jämsä, S. and Viitaniemi, P. 2001 Heat treatment of wood: Better durability without chemicals. In A. O. Rapp Review on Heat Treatments of Wood. Proceedings of the special seminar of COST Action E22, 9 February, Antibes, France, pp. 21-26.
    • (2001) Review on Heat Treatments of Wood , pp. 21-26
    • Jämsä, S.1    Viitaniemi, P.2
  • 67
    • 84874499499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparation of wood with pulsed UV-laser ablation for characterisation of the wood structure
    • In: Navi P., editorsGuidoum A., editors In, May, Lausanne
    • Johansson, J. and Sandberg, D. 2007 Preparation of wood with pulsed UV-laser ablation for characterisation of the wood structure. In P. Navi and A. Guidoum Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Wood Machining, 21-23 May, Lausanne, Switzerland, pp. 191-194.
    • (2007) , pp. 191-194
    • Johansson, J.1    Sandberg, D.2
  • 70
    • 33747833866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel structural composite from low density wood
    • In X. Zhou, C. Mei, J. Jin and X. Xu (eds.), Oct. 31-Nov. 2, Nanjing
    • Kamke, F. A. 2004 A novel structural composite from low density wood. In X. Zhou, C. Mei, J. Jin and X. Xu (eds.) Proceedings of the 7th Pacific Rim Bio-Based Composites Symposium, Oct. 31-Nov. 2, Nanjing, China, pp. 176-185.
    • (2004) , pp. 176-185
    • Kamke, F.A.1
  • 71
    • 33747862032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Densified radiata pine for structural composites
    • Kamke, F. A. 2006. Densified radiata pine for structural composites. Maderas. Ciencia y Tecnología, 8: 83-92.
    • (2006) Maderas. Ciencia y Tecnología , vol.8 , pp. 83-92
    • Kamke, F.A.1
  • 74
    • 84874483594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Press for densification). Swedish Patent Application No. 9901796-4
    • Kifetew, G. and Wiklund, M. 1999 Hårdpress (Press for densification). Swedish Patent Application No. 9901796-4.
    • (1999) Hårdpress
    • Kifetew, G.1    Wiklund, M.2
  • 75
    • 0004937026 scopus 로고
    • Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Ablaufes und der Wirkung thermischer Reaktionen bei der Bildung von Holzwerkstoffen
    • Klauditz, W. and Stegmann, G. 1955. Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Ablaufes und der Wirkung thermischer Reaktionen bei der Bildung von Holzwerkstoffen [Contributions to the knowledge of the sequence and the effect of thermal reactions in the formation of wood materials]. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 13: 434-440. doi:10.1007/BF02604722
    • (1955) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.13 , pp. 434-440
    • Klauditz, W.1    Stegmann, G.2
  • 76
    • 0642325046 scopus 로고
    • Effect of high temperatures on the mode of fracture of a softwood
    • Koehler, A. and Pillow, M. Y. 1925. Effect of high temperatures on the mode of fracture of a softwood. Southern Lumberman, 121: 219-221.
    • (1925) Southern Lumberman , vol.121 , pp. 219-221
    • Koehler, A.1    Pillow, M.Y.2
  • 77
    • 84858755723 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the durability of wood I: Mechanical properties of old timbers
    • (in Japanese)
    • Kohara, J. 1952 Studies on the durability of wood I: Mechanical properties of old timbers. Bulletin of Kyoto Prefectural University, 2, 116-131 (in Japanese).
    • (1952) Bulletin of Kyoto Prefectural University , vol.2 , pp. 116-131
    • Kohara, J.1
  • 78
    • 84858766039 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the durability of wood V: Shrinkage and swelling of old timbers of 300-1300 years old
    • in Japanese
    • Kohara, J. 1953 Studies on the durability of wood V: Shrinkage and swelling of old timbers of 300-1300 years old. Bulletin of Kyoto Prefectural University, 5, 81-88 (in Japanese).
    • (1953) Bulletin of Kyoto Prefectural University , vol.5 , pp. 81-88
    • Kohara, J.1
  • 81
    • 77951508780 scopus 로고
    • Änderungen der chemischen Zusammensetzung von Holz duerch thermische Behandlung
    • Kollmann, F. and Fengel, D. 1965. Änderungen der chemischen Zusammensetzung von Holz duerch thermische Behandlung [Changes in the chemical composition of wood by thermal treatment]. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 23: 461-468.
    • (1965) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.23 , pp. 461-468
    • Kollmann, F.1    Fengel, D.2
  • 82
    • 0001061563 scopus 로고
    • On the fracture morphology in wood. Part 1: A SEM study of deformations in wood of spruce and aspen upon ultimate axial compression load
    • Kučera, L. J. and Bariska, M. 1982. On the fracture morphology in wood. Part 1: A SEM study of deformations in wood of spruce and aspen upon ultimate axial compression load. Wood Science and Technology, 16: 241-259. doi:10.1007/BF00353147
    • (1982) Wood Science and Technology , vol.16 , pp. 241-259
    • Kučera, L.J.1    Bariska, M.2
  • 83
    • 57249100502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanical properties of densified VTC wood relevant for structural composites
    • Kutnar, A., Kamke, F. A. and Sernek, M. 2008. The mechanical properties of densified VTC wood relevant for structural composites. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 66: 439-446. doi:10.1007/s00107-008-0259-z
    • (2008) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.66 , pp. 439-446
    • Kutnar, A.1    Kamke, F.A.2    Sernek, M.3
  • 84
    • 60649098309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Density profile and morphology of viscoelastic thermal compressed wood
    • Kutnar, A., Kamke, F. A. and Sernek, M. 2009. Density profile and morphology of viscoelastic thermal compressed wood. Wood Science and Technology, 43: 57-68. doi:10.1007/s00226-008-0198-1
    • (2009) Wood Science and Technology , vol.43 , pp. 57-68
    • Kutnar, A.1    Kamke, F.A.2    Sernek, M.3
  • 85
    • 84874469805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual models of the molding process of wood compressed by the high-pressure steam technique - Towards the development of an aid-system for designing and manufacturing
    • In: Thwaites H., editors In, October, Ogaki, Gifu
    • Kyomori, K., Shigematsu, M., Onwona-Agyeman, S. and Tanahashi, M. 2000 Virtual models of the molding process of wood compressed by the high-pressure steam technique-Towards the development of an aid-system for designing and manufacturing. In H. Thwaites Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Virtual Systems and MultiMedia (VSMM 2000), 3-6 October, Ogaki, Gifu, Japan, pp. 403-408.
    • (2000) , pp. 403-408
    • Kyomori, K.1    Shigematsu, M.2    Onwona-Agyeman, S.3    Tanahashi, M.4
  • 88
    • 84874491401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hitzebehandlung - eine Alternative zum chemischen Holzschutz
    • In, München, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Holzforschung e.V. (DGfH), April
    • Leithoff, H. and Peek, R.-D. 1998 Hitzebehandlung-eine Alternative zum chemischen Holzschutz [Heat treatment - an alternative to chemical treatment]. In Tagungsband zur 21. Holzschutz-Tagung [Proceedings of the 21st Wood Protection Conference.] München: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Holzforschung e.V. (DGfH), 21-23 April, pp. 97-108.
    • (1998) Tagungsband zur 21. Holzschutz-Tagung [Proceedings of the 21st Wood Protection Conference.] , pp. 97-108
    • Leithoff, H.1    Peek, R.-D.2
  • 90
    • 0008108353 scopus 로고
    • Rate of disintegration of wood under different heating conditions
    • MacLean, J. D. 1951. Rate of disintegration of wood under different heating conditions. American Wood Preservers' Association Proceedings, 47: 155-168.
    • (1951) American Wood Preservers' Association Proceedings , vol.47 , pp. 155-168
    • MacLean, J.D.1
  • 92
    • 54949115874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-storey timber buildings: Breaking industry path dependency
    • Mahapatra, K. and Gustavsson, L. 2008. Multi-storey timber buildings: Breaking industry path dependency. Building Research & Information, 36: 638-648. doi:10.1080/09613210802386123
    • (2008) Building Research & Information , vol.36 , pp. 638-648
    • Mahapatra, K.1    Gustavsson, L.2
  • 93
    • 28544452008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat treatment of wood by the Plato process
    • In: Rapp A. O., editors In, 9 February, Antibes
    • Militz, H. and Tjeerdsma, B. 2001 Heat treatment of wood by the Plato process. In A. O. Rapp Review on Heat Treatments of Wood. Proceedings of the special seminar of COST Action E22, 9 February, Antibes, France, pp. 27-37.
    • (2001) Review on Heat Treatments of Wood , pp. 27-37
    • Militz, H.1    Tjeerdsma, B.2
  • 94
    • 0000118810 scopus 로고
    • Accelerated aging: Residual weight and flexural properties of wood heated in air at 115°C to 175°C
    • Millett, M. A. and Gerhards, C. C. 1972. Accelerated aging: Residual weight and flexural properties of wood heated in air at 115°C to 175°C. Wood Science, 4: 193-201.
    • (1972) Wood Science , vol.4 , pp. 193-201
    • Millett, M.A.1    Gerhards, C.C.2
  • 95
    • 84874461448 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of internal temperature of wood piece during microwave irradiation by fiber-optical temperature sensor
    • Mori, M., Nakazwaa, S., Norimoto, M., Yamada, T., Hirano, M., Takaoka, M. and Muranaka, T. 1984. Measurement of internal temperature of wood piece during microwave irradiation by fiber-optical temperature sensor. Wood Industry, 39: 600-603.
    • (1984) Wood Industry , vol.39 , pp. 600-603
    • Mori, M.1    Nakazwaa, S.2    Norimoto, M.3    Yamada, T.4    Hirano, M.5    Takaoka, M.6    Muranaka, T.7
  • 97
    • 33747035028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulations of transverse compression and densification in wood
    • Nairn, J. A. 2006. Numerical simulations of transverse compression and densification in wood. Wood and Fiber Science, 38: 576-591.
    • (2006) Wood and Fiber Science , vol.38 , pp. 576-591
    • Nairn, J.A.1
  • 98
    • 84874484740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermo-hydro-mechanical post-treatment of densified wood
    • In: Evans P. D., editors In, December, Canberra
    • thPacific Rim Bio-Based Composites Symposium, 10-13 December, Canberra, Australia, pp. 439-447.
    • (2000) , pp. 439-447
    • Navi, P.1    Girardet, F.2    Heger, F.3
  • 102
    • 80052251767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shape stability of modified engineering wood product subjected to moisture variation
    • Nilsson, J., Johansson, J., Kifetew, G. and Sandberg, D. 2011. Shape stability of modified engineering wood product subjected to moisture variation. Wood Material Science and Engineering, 6: 132-139. doi:10.1080/17480272.2011.552122
    • (2011) Wood Material Science and Engineering , vol.6 , pp. 132-139
    • Nilsson, J.1    Johansson, J.2    Kifetew, G.3    Sandberg, D.4
  • 103
    • 84874473855 scopus 로고
    • Wood bending by microwaves
    • Norimoto, M. 1979. Wood bending by microwaves. Wood Research Review, 14: 13-26.
    • (1979) Wood Research Review , vol.14 , pp. 13-26
    • Norimoto, M.1
  • 106
    • 0007664468 scopus 로고
    • Permanent fixation of bending deformation in wood by heat treatment
    • Norimoto, M., Ota, C., Akitsu, H. and Yamada, T. 1993. Permanent fixation of bending deformation in wood by heat treatment. Wood Research, 79: 23-33.
    • (1993) Wood Research , vol.79 , pp. 23-33
    • Norimoto, M.1    Ota, C.2    Akitsu, H.3    Yamada, T.4
  • 109
    • 84858766042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ageing and heating on the mechanical properties of wood
    • In: Uzielli L., editors In, November, Florence
    • Obataya, E. 2009 Effects of ageing and heating on the mechanical properties of wood. In L. Uzielli, Wood Science for Conservation of Cultural Heritage. Proceedings of the International Conference held by COST Action IE0601, 8-10 November, Florence, Italy, pp. 16-23.
    • (2009) Wood Science for Conservation of Cultural Heritage , pp. 16-23
    • Obataya, E.1
  • 113
    • 49549088576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulation of hot-pressed veneer products - moulding - spring-back - distortion
    • Ormarsson, S. and Sandberg, D. 2007. Numerical simulation of hot-pressed veneer products-moulding-spring-back-distortion. Wood Material Science and Engineering, 2: 130-137. doi:10.1080/17480270801945355
    • (2007) Wood Material Science and Engineering , vol.2 , pp. 130-137
    • Ormarsson, S.1    Sandberg, D.2
  • 115
    • 33846892515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal modification of OSB-strands by a one-step heat pre-treatment - Influence of temperature on weight loss, hygroscopicity and improved fungal resistance
    • Paul, W., Ohlmeyer, M. and Leithoff, H. 2007. Thermal modification of OSB-strands by a one-step heat pre-treatment-Influence of temperature on weight loss, hygroscopicity and improved fungal resistance. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 65: 57-63. doi:10.1007/s00107-006-0146-4
    • (2007) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.65 , pp. 57-63
    • Paul, W.1    Ohlmeyer, M.2    Leithoff, H.3
  • 116
    • 33646856658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimising the properties of OSB by a one-step heat pre-treatment process
    • Paul, W., Ohlmeyer, M., Leithoff, H., Boonstra, M. J. and Pizzi, A. 2006. Optimising the properties of OSB by a one-step heat pre-treatment process. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 64: 227-234. doi:10.1007/s00107-005-0073-9
    • (2006) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.64 , pp. 227-234
    • Paul, W.1    Ohlmeyer, M.2    Leithoff, H.3    Boonstra, M.J.4    Pizzi, A.5
  • 117
    • 64749101411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of emissions from thermally modified wood and their reduction by chemical treatment
    • Peters, J., Fischer, K. and Fischer, S. 2008. Characterization of emissions from thermally modified wood and their reduction by chemical treatment. BioResources, 3: 491-502.
    • (2008) BioResources , vol.3 , pp. 491-502
    • Peters, J.1    Fischer, K.2    Fischer, S.3
  • 120
    • 76849094635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alteration of the unsteady sorption behavior of maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) and spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) due to thermal modification
    • Pfriem, A., Zauer, M. and Wagenführ, A. 2010. Alteration of the unsteady sorption behavior of maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) and spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) due to thermal modification. Holzforschung, 64: 235-241. doi:10.1515/hf.2010.029
    • (2010) Holzforschung , vol.64 , pp. 235-241
    • Pfriem, A.1    Zauer, M.2    Wagenführ, A.3
  • 121
    • 84874497391 scopus 로고
    • Effect of high temperatures on the mode of fracture and other properties of a hardwood
    • Pillow, M. Y. 1929. Effect of high temperatures on the mode of fracture and other properties of a hardwood. Southern Lumberman, 137: 58-60.
    • (1929) Southern Lumberman , vol.137 , pp. 58-60
    • Pillow, M.Y.1
  • 122
    • 84874452328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood joints adhesion and performance in mechanical friction welding of wood without adhesives
    • In, March, Nancy
    • Pizzi, A. 2012 Wood joints adhesion and performance in mechanical friction welding of wood without adhesives. In Current and Future Trends of Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Modification of Wood. Opportunities for New Markets? Cost Action FP0904 Workshop, 26-28 March, Nancy, France, pp. 46-47.
    • (2012) , pp. 46-47
    • Pizzi, A.1
  • 124
    • 17444398034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Untersuchungen zum Sorptions- und Quellungsverhalten von thermisch behandeltem Holz
    • Popper, R., Niemz, P. and Eberle, G. 2005. Untersuchungen zum Sorptions- und Quellungsverhalten von thermisch behandeltem Holz [Investigations on sorption and swelling properties of thermally treated wood]. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 63: 135-148. doi:10.1007/s00107-004-0554-2
    • (2005) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.63 , pp. 135-148
    • Popper, R.1    Niemz, P.2    Eberle, G.3
  • 127
    • 84871990933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation on fibre reinforced moulded wood pipes for the conduction of brine at high temperature and pressure
    • In, March, Nancy
    • Putzger, R., Eckhard, R., Eichhorn, S., Nendel, K. and Haller, P. 2012 Investigation on fibre reinforced moulded wood pipes for the conduction of brine at high temperature and pressure. In Current and Future Trends of Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Modification of Wood. Opportunities for New Markets? Cost Action FP0904 Workshop, 26-28 March, Nancy, France, pp. 174-176.
    • (2012) , pp. 174-176
    • Putzger, R.1    Eckhard, R.2    Eichhorn, S.3    Nendel, K.4    Haller, P.5
  • 128
    • 31144432379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interrelationship between the severity of heat treatments and sieve fractions after impact ball milling: A mechanical test for quality control of thermally modified wood
    • Rapp, A. O., Brischke, C. and Welzbacher, C. R. 2006. Interrelationship between the severity of heat treatments and sieve fractions after impact ball milling: A mechanical test for quality control of thermally modified wood. Holzforschung, 60: 64-70. doi:10.1515/HF.2006.012
    • (2006) Holzforschung , vol.60 , pp. 64-70
    • Rapp, A.O.1    Brischke, C.2    Welzbacher, C.R.3
  • 129
    • 17444377690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oil heat treatment of wood in Germany: State of the art
    • In: Rapp A. O., editors In, 9 February
    • Rapp, A. O. and Sailer, M. 2001 Oil heat treatment of wood in Germany: State of the art. In A. O. Rapp Review on Heat Treatments of Wood. Proceedings of the special seminar of COST Action E22, Antibes, 9 February, France, pp. 47-64.
    • (2001) Review on Heat Treatments of Wood , pp. 47-64
    • Rapp, A.O.1    Sailer, M.2
  • 131
    • 84874494660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PhD Thesis No. 4/2012, Department of Forest Products Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University
    • Rautkari, L. 2012 Surface modification of solid wood using different techniques. PhD Thesis No. 4/2012, Department of Forest Products Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University.
    • (2012) Surface modification of solid wood using different techniques
    • Rautkari, L.1
  • 132
    • 84874494898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fracture mechanics characteristics of welded joint of wood
    • In: Navi P., editorsRoth A., editors In, February, Biel
    • Rhême, M., Botsis, J., Cugnoni, J. and Parviz, N. 2011 Fracture mechanics characteristics of welded joint of wood. In P. Navi and A. Roth Mechano-Chemical Transformations of Wood During THM Processing. Cost Action FP0904 Workshop, 16-18 February, Biel, Switzerland, pp. 117-118.
    • (2011) , pp. 117-118
    • Rhême, M.1    Botsis, J.2    Cugnoni, J.3    Parviz, N.4
  • 133
    • 84874485816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mode I and II fracture characteristics of welded wood bonds
    • In, March, Nancy
    • Rhême, M., Botsis, J., Cugnoni, J. and Parviz, N. 2012 Mode I and II fracture characteristics of welded wood bonds. In Current and Future Trends of Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Modification of Wood. Opportunities for New Markets? Cost Action FP0904 Workshop, 26-28 March, Nancy, France, pp. 116-117.
    • (2012) , pp. 116-117
    • Rhême, M.1    Botsis, J.2    Cugnoni, J.3    Parviz, N.4
  • 136
    • 70449338151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding decay resistance, dimensional stability and strength changes in heat treated and acetylated wood
    • Rowell, R. M., Ibach, R. E., McSweeny, J. and Nilsson, T. 2009. Understanding decay resistance, dimensional stability and strength changes in heat treated and acetylated wood. Wood Material Science and Engineering, 4: 14-22. doi:10.1080/17480270903261339
    • (2009) Wood Material Science and Engineering , vol.4 , pp. 14-22
    • Rowell, R.M.1    Ibach, R.E.2    McSweeny, J.3    Nilsson, T.4
  • 137
    • 17444431357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vergütung von Holz durch Anwendung einer Öl-Hitze-Behandlung
    • Sailer, M., Rapp, A. O., Leithoff, H. and Peek, R.-D. 2000. Vergütung von Holz durch Anwendung einer Öl-Hitze-Behandlung [Upgrading of wood by application of an oil-heat treatment]. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 58: 15-22. doi:10.1007/s001070050379
    • (2000) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.58 , pp. 15-22
    • Sailer, M.1    Rapp, A.O.2    Leithoff, H.3    Peek, R.-D.4
  • 139
    • 0005050414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weathering of radial and tangential wood surfaces of pine and spruce
    • Sandberg, D. 1999. Weathering of radial and tangential wood surfaces of pine and spruce. Holzforschung, 53: 355-364. doi:10.1515/HF.1999.059
    • (1999) Holzforschung , vol.53 , pp. 355-364
    • Sandberg, D.1
  • 140
    • 41149141210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crack formation due to weathering of radial and tangential sections of pine and spruce
    • Sandberg, D. and Söderström, O. 2006. Crack formation due to weathering of radial and tangential sections of pine and spruce. Wood Material Science and Engineering, 1: 12-20. doi:10.1080/17480270600644407
    • (2006) Wood Material Science and Engineering , vol.1 , pp. 12-20
    • Sandberg, D.1    Söderström, O.2
  • 144
    • 84875815901 scopus 로고
    • Abtragen von Holzoberflächen durch UV-bestrahlung
    • Seltman, J. 1995a. Abtragen von Holzoberflächen durch UV-bestrahlung [Removal of wood surfaces by UV irradiation]. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 53: 100 doi:10.1007/BF02716401
    • (1995) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.53 , pp. 100
    • Seltman, J.1
  • 145
    • 65749311731 scopus 로고
    • Freilegen der Holzstruktur durch UV Bestrahlung
    • Seltman, J. 1995b. Freilegen der Holzstruktur durch UV Bestrahlung [Opening the wood structure by UV-irradiation]. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 53: 225-228. doi:10.1007/s001070050076
    • (1995) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.53 , pp. 225-228
    • Seltman, J.1
  • 146
    • 84874471414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three dimensional image analysis on molding process of wood compressed by high-pressure steam technique
    • In: Thwaites H., editors In, November, Gifu
    • Shigematsu, M., Fukaya, M., Sasaki, Y. and Tanahashi, M. 1998 Three dimensional image analysis on molding process of wood compressed by high-pressure steam technique. In H. Thwaites Futurefusion: Application Realities for the Virtual Age. Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia, VSMM'98, 18-20 November, Gifu, Tokyo pp. 372-379.
    • (1998) Futurefusion: Application Realities for the Virtual Age , pp. 372-379
    • Shigematsu, M.1    Fukaya, M.2    Sasaki, Y.3    Tanahashi, M.4
  • 148
    • 0001114012 scopus 로고
    • Thermal degradation of wood and cellulose
    • Stamm, A. J. 1956. Thermal degradation of wood and cellulose. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 48: 413-417. doi:10.1021/ie51398a022
    • (1956) Industrial and Engineering Chemistry , vol.48 , pp. 413-417
    • Stamm, A.J.1
  • 152
    • 0010732277 scopus 로고
    • Minimizing wood shrinkage and swelling. Effect of heating in various gasses
    • Stamm, A. J. and Hansen, L. A. 1937. Minimizing wood shrinkage and swelling. Effect of heating in various gasses. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 29: 831-833. doi:10.1021/ie50331a021
    • (1937) Industrial and Engineering Chemistry , vol.29 , pp. 831-833
    • Stamm, A.J.1    Hansen, L.A.2
  • 153
    • 29944434987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joining wood by friction welding
    • Stamm, B., Natterer, J. and Navi, P. 2005a. Joining wood by friction welding. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 63: 313-320. doi:10.1007/s00107-005-0007-6
    • (2005) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.63 , pp. 313-320
    • Stamm, B.1    Natterer, J.2    Navi, P.3
  • 157
    • 33745039381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal behaviour of polysaccharides in wood during friction welding
    • Stamm, B., Windeisen, E., Natterer, J. and Wegener, G. 2005c. Thermal behaviour of polysaccharides in wood during friction welding. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 63: 388-389. doi:10.1007/s00107-005-0002-y
    • (2005) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.63 , pp. 388-389
    • Stamm, B.1    Windeisen, E.2    Natterer, J.3    Wegener, G.4
  • 158
    • 33749357111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical investigation on the thermal behaviour of wood during friction welding
    • Stamm, B., Windeisen, E., Natterer, J. and Wegener, G. 2006. Chemical investigation on the thermal behaviour of wood during friction welding. Wood Science and Technology, 40: 615-627. doi:10.1007/s00226-006-0097-2
    • (2006) Wood Science and Technology , vol.40 , pp. 615-627
    • Stamm, B.1    Windeisen, E.2    Natterer, J.3    Wegener, G.4
  • 159
    • 84874459248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ein- und Rückblick in ausgewählte Verfahren der thermischen Modifikation
    • In: Teischinger A., Stingl R., editors Wien, Wien,: Institut für Holzforschung (ihf) und Verband Holzwirte Österreichs (VHÖ), Universität für Bodenkultur
    • Stingl, R., Patzelt, M. and Teischinger, A. 2002. "Ein- und Rückblick in ausgewählte Verfahren der thermischen Modifikation [A review of selected processes of thermal modification]". In Lignovisionen, Band 3: Modifiziertes Holz. Eigenschaften und Märkte [Lignovisionen, Volume 3: Modified wood. Properties and Markets], Edited by: Teischinger, A. and Stingl, R. 57-99. Wien: Institut für Holzforschung (ihf) und Verband Holzwirte Österreichs (VHÖ), Universität für Bodenkultur.
    • (2002) Lignovisionen, Band 3: Modifiziertes Holz. Eigenschaften und Märkte [Lignovisionen, Volume 3: Modified wood. Properties and Markets] , pp. 57-99
    • Stingl, R.1    Patzelt, M.2    Teischinger, A.3
  • 162
    • 0001966411 scopus 로고
    • Characterization and degradation mechanisms of wood components by steam explosion and utilization of exploded wood
    • Tanahashi, M. 1990. Characterization and degradation mechanisms of wood components by steam explosion and utilization of exploded wood. Wood Research, 77: 49-117.
    • (1990) Wood Research , vol.77 , pp. 49-117
    • Tanahashi, M.1
  • 163
    • 84874480210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of aggregated-woods and assembled-woods by compressive molding process from small logs under high-pressure steam with and without any adhesives
    • In: Evans P. D., editors In, Canberra, Australia
    • Tanahashi, M., Kyomori, K., Natsume, Y., Okawa, S., Shigematsu, M. and Onwona-Agyeman, S. 2000 Development of aggregated-woods and assembled-woods by compressive molding process from small logs under high-pressure steam with and without any adhesives. In: P. D. Evans 5th Pacific Rim Bio-Based Composites Symposium, Canberra, Australia, pp. 456-462.
    • (2000) 5th Pacific Rim Bio-Based Composites Symposium , pp. 456-462
    • Tanahashi, M.1    Kyomori, K.2    Natsume, Y.3    Okawa, S.4    Shigematsu, M.5    Onwona-Agyeman, S.6
  • 165
    • 31044441032 scopus 로고
    • Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Eigenschaftsänderungen des Holzes beim Dämpfen
    • Teichgräber, R. 1966. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Eigenschaftsänderungen des Holzes beim Dämpfen [On the alteration of the properties of wood during steaming]. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 24: 548-551. doi:10.1007/BF02610360
    • (1966) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.24 , pp. 548-551
    • Teichgräber, R.1
  • 166
    • 70449409022 scopus 로고
    • The effect of different methods of drying on the strength of wood
    • Tiemann, H. D. 1915. The effect of different methods of drying on the strength of wood. Lumber World Review, 28: 19-20.
    • (1915) Lumber World Review , vol.28 , pp. 19-20
    • Tiemann, H.D.1
  • 167
    • 84874489446 scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC, Washington, DC,: National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Report No. 65
    • Tiemann, H. D. 1920 The Kiln Drying of Woods for Airplanes Washington, DC: National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Report No. 65.
    • (1920) The Kiln Drying of Woods for Airplanes
    • Tiemann, H.D.1
  • 168
    • 84874503450 scopus 로고
    • Does temperature injure wood?
    • Tiemann, H. D. 1941a. Does temperature injure wood?. Southern Lumberman, 163(2047): 49-50.
    • (1941) Southern Lumberman , vol.163 , Issue.2047 , pp. 49-50
    • Tiemann, H.D.1
  • 169
    • 84874503450 scopus 로고
    • Does temperature injure wood?
    • Tiemann, H. D. 1941b. Does temperature injure wood?. Southern Lumberman, 163(2049): 49-51.
    • (1941) Southern Lumberman , vol.163 , Issue.2049 , pp. 49-51
    • Tiemann, H.D.1
  • 170
    • 84874459828 scopus 로고
    • Does temperature injure wood? Reduction in hygroscopicity
    • Tiemann, H. D. 1941c. Does temperature injure wood? Reduction in hygroscopicity. Southern Lumberman, 163(2051): 55-57.
    • (1941) Southern Lumberman , vol.163 , Issue.2051 , pp. 55-57
    • Tiemann, H.D.1
  • 173
    • 76649101815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat treatment of wood in France - State of the art
    • In: Rapp A. O., editors In
    • Vernois, M. 2001 Heat treatment of wood in France-State of the art. In A. O. Rapp, Review on Heat Treatments of Wood. Proceedings of the special seminar of COST Action E22, 9 February, Antibes, France, pp. 39-46.
    • (2001) Review on Heat Treatments of Wood , pp. 39-46
    • Vernois, M.1
  • 175
    • 0041690472 scopus 로고
    • Friction welding of metals (translated title)
    • Moskow-Leningrad: Mashgiz
    • Vill, V. I. 1959 Friction welding of metals (translated title) (Moskow-Leningrad: Mashgiz)., (Technical Research Centre of Finlad, VTT), Report No. 184
    • (1959)
    • Vill, V.I.1
  • 176
    • 84874476482 scopus 로고
    • The basic technology of friction welding (translated title)
    • Vill, V. I. and Shternin, L. A. 1957 The basic technology of friction welding (translated title). Glavelektroadard, 4.
    • (1957) Glavelektroadard , vol.4
    • Vill, V.I.1    Shternin, L.A.2
  • 177
    • 84948728050 scopus 로고
    • Gehärtete und mit Metall oder Öl getränkte Hölzer
    • Vorreiter, L. 1942. Gehärtete und mit Metall oder Öl getränkte Hölzer [Densified and with oil or metal treated wood]. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 5: 59-69. doi:10.1007/BF02605309
    • (1942) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.5 , pp. 59-69
    • Vorreiter, L.1
  • 179
    • 38849142042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of treatment temperature and duration on selected biological, mechanical, physical, and optical properties of thermally modified timber
    • Welzbacher, C. R., Brischke, C. and Rapp, A. O. 2007. Influence of treatment temperature and duration on selected biological, mechanical, physical, and optical properties of thermally modified timber. Wood Material Science and Engineering, 2: 66-76. doi:10.1080/17480270701770606
    • (2007) Wood Material Science and Engineering , vol.2 , pp. 66-76
    • Welzbacher, C.R.1    Brischke, C.2    Rapp, A.O.3
  • 180
    • 38749122449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermo-mechanical densification combined with thermal modification of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst) in industrial scale. Dimensional stability and durability aspects
    • Welzbacher, C. R., Wehsener, J., Rapp, A. O. and Haller, P. 2008. Thermo-mechanical densification combined with thermal modification of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst) in industrial scale. Dimensional stability and durability aspects. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 66: 39-48. doi:10.1007/s00107-007-0198-0
    • (2008) Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , vol.66 , pp. 39-48
    • Welzbacher, C.R.1    Wehsener, J.2    Rapp, A.O.3    Haller, P.4
  • 182
  • 183
    • 15544383751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modifizierung des Holzes durch eine milde Pyrolyse - abgeleitet aus den allgemeinen Prinzipien der Thermolyse des Holzes
    • Wienhaus, O. 1999. Modifizierung des Holzes durch eine milde Pyrolyse-abgeleitet aus den allgemeinen Prinzipien der Thermolyse des Holzes [Modification of wood by mild pyrolysis - derived from the general principles of the thermolysis of wood]. Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Technischen Universität Dresden, 48(2): 17-22.
    • (1999) Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Technischen Universität Dresden , vol.48 , Issue.2 , pp. 17-22
    • Wienhaus, O.1
  • 185
    • 33746029071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical and chemical behavior of spruce wood modified by heat
    • Yildiz, S., Gezer, E. D. and Yildiz, U. C. 2006. Mechanical and chemical behavior of spruce wood modified by heat. Building and Environment, 41: 1762-1766. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.07.017
    • (2006) Building and Environment , vol.41 , pp. 1762-1766
    • Yildiz, S.1    Gezer, E.D.2    Yildiz, U.C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.