Depression- and anxiety-related sick leave and the risk of permanent disability and mortality in the working population in Germany: A cohort study

BMC Public Health

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2013, Pages

  Wedegaertner, Felix ^a   Arnhold Kerri, Sonja ^a   Sittaro, Nicola Alexander ^b   Bleich, Stefan ^a   Geyer, Siegfried ^a   Lee, William E ^c  

^a HANNOVER MEDICAL SCHOOL   (Germany)

^b Hannover Re   (Germany)

^c KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Anxiety; Depression; Invalidity; Mortality; Occupational disability; Protection; Treatment

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTICLE; COHORT ANALYSIS; DEPRESSION; EMPLOYMENT; FEMALE; GERMANY; HUMAN; MALE; MEDICAL LEAVE; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; RETIREMENT; RISK FACTOR; STATISTICS;

ADULT; ANXIETY DISORDERS; COHORT STUDIES; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; EMPLOYMENT; FEMALE; GERMANY; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RETIREMENT; RISK FACTORS; SICK LEAVE;

EID: 84873727821     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14712458     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-145     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Common mental disorders and subsequent work disability: a population-based health, study. Ahola K, Virtanen M, Honkonen T, Isometsä E, Aromaa A, Lönnqvist J, J Affect Disord 2000 134 1-3 365 372
2. Recurrence of sickness absence due to common mental disorders. Koopmans PC, Bültmann U, Roelen CAM, Hoedeman R, Van Der Klink JJL, Groothoff JW, Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2011 84 2 193 201 10.1007/s00420-010-0540-4 20449605
3. One-year prevalence of subthreshold and threshold DSM-IV generalized anxiety disorder in a nationally representative sample. Carter RM, Wittchen HU, Pfister H, Kessler RC, Depress Anxiety 2001 13 2 78 88 10.1002/da.1020 11301924 (Pubitemid 32240185)
4. Global mortality, disability, and the contribution of risk factors: Global burden of disease study. Murray CJL, Lopez AD, Lancet 1997 349 9063 1436 1442 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)07495-8 9164317 (Pubitemid 27212192)
5. Prevalence, recognition and management of depression in primary care in germany: the depression 2000 study. Wittchen HU, Pittrow D, Hum Psychopharmacol 2002 17 SUPPL 1 1 S11 12404663
6. The influence of age and sex on the prevalence of depressive conditions: report from the national survey of psychiatric morbidity. Bebbington P, Dunn G, Jenkins R, Lewis G, Brugha T, Farrell M, Meltzer H, Int Rev Psychiatry 2003 15 1-2 74 83 12745313 (Pubitemid 36363528)
7. The economic burden of depression in Sweden from, 1997 to 2005. Sobocki P, Lekander I, Borgstrom F, Strom O, Runeson B, Eur Psychiatry 2007 22 3 146 152 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2006.10.006 17194573 (Pubitemid 46507737)
8. The economic burden of depression and the cost-effectiveness of treatment. Wang PS, Simon G, Kessler RC, Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2003 12 1 22 33 10.1002/mpr.139 12830307 (Pubitemid 36675445)
9. Disability caused by affective disorders-What do the federal German health report data teach us? Wedegaertner F, Sittaro NA, Emrich HM, Dietrich DE, Psychiatrische Praxis 2007 34 3 252 5 17786877
10. Black CM, Working for a healthier tomorrow: Dame Carol Black's review of the health of britain's working age population: presented to the secretary of State for Health and the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions London: TSO 2008
11. Severe depressive symptoms as predictor of disability pension: a 10-year follow-up study in Denmark. Bültmann U, Christensen KB, Burr H, Lund T, Rugulies R, Eur J Public Health 2008 18 3 232 234 10.1093/eurpub/ckm132 18202084 (Pubitemid 351786644)
12. A population-based cohort study of the effect of common mental disorders on disability pension awards. Mykletun A, Overland S, Dahl AA, Krokstad S, Bjerkeset O, Glozier N, Aaro LE, Prince M, Am J Psychiatry 2006 163 8 1412 1418 10.1176/appi.ajp.163.8.1412 16877655 (Pubitemid 44464413)
13. Occupational psychiatry. Harvey SB, Henderson M, Psychiatry 2009 8 5 174 178 10.1016/j.mppsy.2009.03.011
14. A systematic review of the mortality of depression. Wulsin LR, Vaillant GE, Wells VE, PsychosomMed 1999 61 1 6 17 (Pubitemid 29071841)
15. Excess mortality in depression: a meta-analysis of community studies. Cuijpers P, Smit F, JAffectDisord 2002 72 3 227 236 (Pubitemid 35351282)
16. Excess mortality of mental disorder. Harris EC, Barraclough B, BrJPsychiatry 1998 173 11 53 (Pubitemid 28312203)
17. Anxiety, depression, and cause-specific mortality: the HUNT study. Mykletun A, Bjerkeset O, Dewey M, Prince M, Overland S, Stewart R, PsychosomMed 2007 69 4 323 331 (Pubitemid 46800292)
18. Levels of anxiety and depression as predictors of mortality: the HUNT study. Mykletun A, Bjerkeset O, Overland S, Prince M, Dewey M, Stewart R, BrJPsychiatry 2009 195 2 118 125
19. Mental disorders and cause-specific mortality. Joukamaa M, Heliövaara M, Knekt P, Aromaa A, Raitasalo R, Lehtinen V, BrJPsychiatry 2001 179 498 502 (Pubitemid 34031673)
20. Psychiatric disorder in early adulthood and risk of premature mortality in the 1946 british birth cohort. Henderson M, Hotopf M, Shah I, Hayes RD, Kuh D, BMCPsychiatry 2011 11 37
21. Effects of anxiety and depression on 5-year mortality in 5,057 patients referred for exercise testing. Herrmann C, Brand-Driehorst S, Buss U, Ruger U, J Psychosom Res 2000 48 4-5 455 462 10880666 (Pubitemid 30433402)
22. The relationship between generalized anxiety disorder, depression and mortality in old age. Holwerda TJ, Schoevers RA, Dekker J, Deeg DJ, Jonker C, Beekman AT, Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2007 22 3 241 249 10.1002/gps.1669 16998780 (Pubitemid 46436695)
23. Levels of anxiety and depression as predictors of mortality: the HUNT study. Mykletun A, Bjerkeset O, Overland S, Prince M, Dewey M, Stewart R, Br J Psychiatry 2009 195 2 118 125 10.1192/bjp.bp.108.054866 19648541
24. Pensions due to age in the statutory pension insurance (number). Classification: years, region, age, sex, pension fund organization http://www.gbe-bund.de/gbe10/F?F=23E
25. Pensions due to disability ("verminderte Erwerbsfähigkeit" ) in the statutory pension insurance http://www.gbe-bund.de/gbe10/F?F=30E 23807617
26. Erwerbstätige-Wirtschaftliche und berufliche Gliederung. Statistisches Bundesamt, Berufsausbildung Wiesbaden, Bonn, Berlin: Selbstverlag 10 Fachserie. 2003 2
27. Misconceptions about gene-environment interactions in psychiatry. Zammit S, Owen MJ, Lewis G, Evid Based Ment Health 2010 13 3 65 68 10.1136/ebmh1056 20682811
28. Quantifying the effect of early retirement on the wealth of individuals with depression or other mental illness. Schofield DJ, Shrestha RN, Percival R, Kelly SJ, Passey ME, Callander EJ, BrJPsychiatry 2011 198 2 123 128
29. Men's accounts of depression: Reconstructing or resisting hegemonic masculinity? Emslie C, Ridge D, Ziebland S, Hunt K, Soc Sci Med 2006 62 9 2246 2257 10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.10.017 16289741
30. Beyond weeping and crying: A gender analysis of expressions of depression. Danielsson U, Johansson EE, Scand J Prim Health Care 2005 23 3 171 177 10.1080/02813430510031315 16162470 (Pubitemid 41392436)
31. Misclassification and the use of register-based indicators for depression. Thielen K, Nygaard E, Andersen I, Rugulies R, Heinesen E, Bech P, Bültmann U, Diderichsen F, Acta Psychiatr Scand 2009 119 4 312 319 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01282.x 19077132
32. Health anxiety and disability pension award: The HUSK study. Mykletun A, Heradstveit O, Eriksen K, Glozier N, Øverland S, Mæland JG, Wilhelmsen I, Psychosom Med 2009 71 3 353 360 10.1097/PSY.0b013e31819cc772 19321853
33. Deaths from natural causes in people with mental illness: A cohort study. Hiroeh U, Kapur N, Webb R, Dunn G, Mortensen PB, Appleby L, J Psychosom Res 2008 64 3 275 283 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.09.008 18291242 (Pubitemid 351248873)
34. Mortality associated with depression. Murphy JM, Burke JD, Monson RR, Horton NJ, Laird NM, Lesage A, Sobol AM, Leighton AH, Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2008 43 8 594 601 10.1007/s00127-008-0323-3 18327523
35. Death by homicide, suicide, and other unnatural causes in people with mental illness: A population-based study. Hiroeh U, Appleby L, Mortensen PB, Dunn G, Lancet 2001 358 9299 2110 2112 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)07216-6 11784624 (Pubitemid 34094900)
36. Statistisches Bundesamt, Robert-Koch-Institut: Die Gesundheitsberichterstattung des Bundes Berlin: Bonn 2011
37. Depression as a risk factor for mortality in patients with coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis. Barth J, Schumacher M, Herrmann-Lingen C, Psychosom Med 2004 66 6 802 813 10.1097/01.psy.0000146332.53619.b2 15564343 (Pubitemid 39552862)
38. Depression as a predictor of disease progression and mortality in cancer patients: A meta-analysis. Satin JR, Linden W, Phillips MJ, Cancer 2009 115 22 5349 5361 10.1002/cncr.24561 19753617
39. Suicide mortality among patients treated for depression in an insured population. Simon GE, Vonkorff M, Am J Epidemiol 1998 147 2 155 160 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009428 9457005 (Pubitemid 28060486)
40. The protective role of trait anxiety: A longitudinal cohort study. Lee WE, Wadsworth MEJ, Hotopf M, Psychol Med 2006 36 3 345 351 10.1017/ S0033291705006847 16393365 (Pubitemid 43498794)
41. A conceptual and empirical review of the depressive realism hypothesis. Dobson K, Franche R, Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science 1989 21 4 419 433
42. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and myocardial infarction. Sauer WH, Berlin JA, Kimmel SE, Circulation 2001 104 16 1894 1898 10.1161/hc4101. 097519 11602490 (Pubitemid 32983230)
43. Depression and increased risk of death in adults with stroke. Ellis C, Zhao Y, Egede LE, J Psychosom Res 2010 68 6 545 551 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009. 11.006 20488271
44. Depression and diabetes: Unhealthy bedfellows. Katon W, Depress Anxiety 2010 27 4 323 326 10.1002/da.20683 20376836
45. Sher Y, Lolak S Maldonado JR: The Impact of Depression in Heart Disease. Current Psychiatry Reports 2010
46. The NIMH Depression Awareness, Recognition, and Treatment Program: Structure, aims, and scientific basis. Regier DA, Hirschfeld RMA, Goodwin FK, Burke JR, Lazar JB, Judd LL, Am J Psychiatry 1988 145 11 1351 1357 2847566 (Pubitemid 18267373)
47. Occupational status and all-cause mortality: A study with health insurance data from Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. Geyer S, Peter R, Eur J Public Health 1999 9 2 114 118 10.1093/eurpub/9.2.114 (Pubitemid 29274777)
48. Predictors of long-term work disability in major depressive disorder: A prospective study. Rytsälä HJ, Melartin TK, Leskelä US, Sokero TP, Lestelä-Mielonen PS, Isometsä ET, Acta Psychiatr Scand 2007 115 3 206 213 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2006.00878.x 17302620
49. Sickness absence with psychiatric diagnoses: Individual and contextual predictors of permanent disability. Bratberg E, Gjesdal S, Maeland JG, Health Place 2009 15 1 308 314 10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.06.004 18692427
50. Verwendung von GKV-Diagnosen in der Sekundärdatenforschung. Schubert I, Ihle P, Köster I, Routinedaten im Gesundheitswesen Bern: Verlag Hans Huber, Swart E, Ihle P, 2005 235 241
51. Reliability of diagnoses coding with ICD-10. Stausberg J, Lehmann N, Kaczmarek D, Stein M, Int J Med Inform 2008 77 1 50 57 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2006. 11.005 17185030 (Pubitemid 350161422)
52. Depression and early retirement: Prospective population based study in middle aged men. Karpansalo M, Kauhanen J, Lakka TA, Manninen P, Kaplan GA, Salonen JT, J Epidemiol Community Health 2005 59 1 70 74 10.1136/jech.2003. 010702 15598730 (Pubitemid 40037089)
53. Common mental disorders and disability pension award: seven year follow-up of the HUSK study. Knudsen AK, Overland S, Aakvaag HF, Harvey SB, Hotopf M, Mykletun A, J Psychosom Res 2010 69 1 59 67 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010. 03.007 20630264
54. National Health Interview and Examination Survey-Mental health supplement GHS-MHS. Wittchen HU, Möller N, Pfister H, Winter S, Schmidtkunz B, Gesundheitswesen 1999 61 SUPPL 2 216 S222 10726424
55. Prevalence of mental disorders in Europe: Results from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) project. Alonso J, Angermeyer MC, Bernert S, Bruffaerts R, Brugha TS, Bryson H, De Girolamo G, De Graaf R, Demyttenaere K, Gasquet I, et al. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2004 109 SUPPL 420 21 27
56. Prevalence and patterns of morbidity among adults in germany. Results of the German telephone health interview survey German Health Update (GEDA), 2009. Fuchs J, Busch M, Lange C, Scheidt-Nave C, Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2012 55 4 576 586 10.1007/s00103-012- 1464-9 22441528