메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue , 2013, Pages 53-64

The safety of long-acting β2-agonists in the treatment of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Author keywords

Bronchodilator; COPD; Formoterol; Indacaterol; LABA; Salmeterol

Indexed keywords

BETA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; CORTICOSTEROID; FORMOTEROL; INDACATEROL; LONG ACTING DRUG; PLACEBO; SALMETEROL;

EID: 84873342637     PISSN: 11769106     EISSN: 11782005     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S39018     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (50)

References (82)
  • 1
    • 84873335037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Deaths: preliminary data for 2009, Available from, Accessed September 28, 2012
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Deaths: preliminary data for 2009. National Vital Statistics Reports. 2011;59(4). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr59/nvsr59_04.pdf. Accessed September 28, 2012.
    • (2011) National Vital Statistics Reports , vol.59 , Issue.4
  • 2
    • 33846207657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization (WHO), web page on the Internet, Geneva: WHO Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Department; nd. Available from, Accessed December 3, 2012
    • World Health Organization (WHO). Chronic respiratory diseases: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [web page on the Internet]. Geneva: WHO Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Department; nd. Available from: http://www.who.int/respiratory/copd/en/. Accessed December 3, 2012.
    • Chronic Respiratory Diseases: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
  • 3
    • 33645526100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperinflation, dyspnea, and exercise intolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • O'Donnell DE. Hyperinflation, dyspnea, and exercise intolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2006;3(2): 180-184.
    • (2006) Proc Am Thorac Soc , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 180-184
    • O'Donnell, D.E.1
  • 4
    • 58149331012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic lung hyperinflation and its clinical implication in COPD
    • French
    • O'Donnell DE. Dynamic lung hyperinflation and its clinical implication in COPD. Rev Mal Respir. 2008;25(10):1305-1318. French.
    • (2008) Rev Mal Respir , vol.25 , Issue.10 , pp. 1305-1318
    • O'Donnell, D.E.1
  • 5
    • 0003736032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), Rev ed. GOLD, Available from, Accessed June 14, 2012
    • Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Rev ed. GOLD; 2011. Available from: http://www.goldcopd.org/uploads/users/files/GOLD_Report_2011_Feb21.pdf. Accessed June 14, 2012.
    • (2011) Global Strategy For the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
  • 6
    • 84873327820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Portland, OR: Oregon Health and Science University, Available from, Accessed September 28, 2012
    • Norris SL, Yen PY, Dana TL, Care BR, Burda BU. Drug Class Review: Beta2-agonists. Portland, OR: Oregon Health and Science University; 2006. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10429/. Accessed September 28, 2012.
    • (2006) Drug Class Review: Beta2-agonists
    • Norris, S.L.1    Yen, P.Y.2    Dana, T.L.3    Care, B.R.4    Burda, B.U.5
  • 7
    • 33847172367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salmeterol and fluticasone propionate and survival in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Calverley PM, Anderson JA, Celli B, et al. Salmeterol and fluticasone propionate and survival in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(8):775-789.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356 , Issue.8 , pp. 775-789
    • Calverley, P.M.1    Anderson, J.A.2    Celli, B.3
  • 8
    • 77953706143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New options for bronchodilator treatment in COPD
    • Calverley PM. New options for bronchodilator treatment in COPD. Thorax. 2010;65(6):468-469.
    • (2010) Thorax , vol.65 , Issue.6 , pp. 468-469
    • Calverley, P.M.1
  • 9
    • 78651083393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute bronchodilator responsiveness and health outcomes in COPD patients in the UPLIFT trial
    • Hanania NA, Sharafkhaneh A, Celli B, et al. Acute bronchodilator responsiveness and health outcomes in COPD patients in the UPLIFT trial. Respir Res. 2011;12:6.
    • (2011) Respir Res , vol.12 , pp. 6
    • Hanania, N.A.1    Sharafkhaneh, A.2    Celli, B.3
  • 10
    • 53749102775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 4-year trial of tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • UPLIFT Study Investigators
    • Tashkin DP, Celli B, Senn S, et al; UPLIFT Study Investigators. A 4-year trial of tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(15):1543-1554.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.359 , Issue.15 , pp. 1543-1554
    • Tashkin, D.P.1    Celli, B.2    Senn, S.3
  • 11
    • 53449092774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The major limitation to exercise performance in COPD is dynamic hyperinflation
    • discussion 755-757
    • O'Donnell DE, Webb KA. The major limitation to exercise performance in COPD is dynamic hyperinflation. J Appl Physiol. 2008;105(2): 753-755; discussion 755-757.
    • (2008) J Appl Physiol , vol.105 , Issue.2 , pp. 753-755
    • O'Donnell, D.E.1    Webb, K.A.2
  • 13
    • 43649089299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety of long-acting beta-agonists in stable COPD: A systematic review
    • Rodrigo GJ, Nannini LJ, Rodríguez-Roisin R. Safety of long-acting beta-agonists in stable COPD: a systematic review. Chest. 2008;133(5): 1079-1087.
    • (2008) Chest , vol.133 , Issue.5 , pp. 1079-1087
    • Rodrigo, G.J.1    Nannini, L.J.2    Rodríguez-Roisin, R.3
  • 14
    • 77958533581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-acting beta-agonists in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Current and future agents
    • Tashkin DP, Fabbri LM. Long-acting beta-agonists in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: current and future agents. Respir Res. 2010;11:149.
    • (2010) Respir Res , vol.11 , pp. 149
    • Tashkin, D.P.1    Fabbri, L.M.2
  • 15
    • 84873349809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allen and Hanburys Ltd, electronic Medicines Compendium (eMC); updated May 17, Available from, Accessed September 11, 2012
    • Allen and Hanburys Ltd. Serevent Accuhaler [summary of product characteristics]. electronic Medicines Compendium (eMC); updated May 17, 2012. Available from: http://www.medicines.org.uk/EMC/medicine/91/SPC/Serevent+Accuhaler/. Accessed September 11, 2012.
    • (2012) Serevent Accuhaler [summary of Product Characteristics]
  • 16
    • 84873388358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allen and Hanburys Ltd, eMC; updated May 17, 2012. Available from, Accessed September 11, 2012
    • Allen and Hanburys Ltd. Serevent Diskus [summary of product characteristics]. eMC; updated May 17, 2012. Available from: http://www.medicines.org.uk/EMC/medicine/92/SPC/Serevent+Diskhaler/. Accessed September 11, 2012.
    • Serevent Diskus [summary of Product Characteristics]
  • 17
    • 84873349809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allen and Hanburys Ltd, eMC; updated May 24, Available from, Accessed September 11, 2012
    • Allen and Hanburys Ltd. Serevent Evohaler [summary of product characteristics]. eMC; updated May 24, 2012. Available from: http://www.medicines.org.uk/EMC/medicine/17201/SPC/Serevent+Evohaler/. Accessed September 11, 2012.
    • (2012) Serevent Evohaler [summary of Product Characteristics]
  • 18
    • 77952118055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novartis Pharmaceuticals UK Ltd, Available from, eMC; updated October 12, Accessed September 11, 2012
    • Novartis Pharmaceuticals UK Ltd. Foradil [summary of product characteristics]. Available from: http://www.medicines.org.uk/EMC/medicine/1286/SPC/Foradil/. eMC; updated October 12, 2012. Accessed September 11, 2012.
    • (2012) Foradil [summary of Product Characteristics]
  • 20
    • 78650141708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving the differential diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in primary care
    • Price DB, Yawn BP, Jones RC. Improving the differential diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in primary care. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010;85(12):1122-1129.
    • (2010) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.85 , Issue.12 , pp. 1122-1129
    • Price, D.B.1    Yawn, B.P.2    Jones, R.C.3
  • 21
    • 79951680792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among older adults
    • Blanchette CM, Berry SR, Lane SJ. Advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among older adults. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2011;17(2):84-89.
    • (2011) Curr Opin Pulm Med , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 84-89
    • Blanchette, C.M.1    Berry, S.R.2    Lane, S.J.3
  • 22
    • 32544431570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled corticosteroids and decline of lung function in community residents with asthma
    • Lange P, Scharling H, Ulrik CS, Vestbo J. Inhaled corticosteroids and decline of lung function in community residents with asthma. Thorax. 2006;61(2):100-104.
    • (2006) Thorax , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 100-104
    • Lange, P.1    Scharling, H.2    Ulrik, C.S.3    Vestbo, J.4
  • 23
    • 0003736036 scopus 로고
    • Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA), NIH Publication No 02-3659. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health, updated 2005, Available from, Accessed June 14, 2012
    • Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention. NIH Publication No 02-3659. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health; 1995 [updated 2005]. Available from: http://www.ginasthma.org/pdf/archived/GINAWorkshop05Clean.pdf. Accessed June 14, 2012.
    • (1995) Global Strategy For Asthma Management and Prevention
  • 24
    • 33144476873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Salmeterol Multicenter Asthma Research Trial: A comparison of usual pharmacotherapy for asthma or usual pharmacotherapy plus salmeterol
    • SMART Study Group
    • Nelson HS, Weiss ST, Bleecker ER, Yancey SW, Dorinsky PM; SMART Study Group. The Salmeterol Multicenter Asthma Research Trial: a comparison of usual pharmacotherapy for asthma or usual pharmacotherapy plus salmeterol. Chest. 2006;129(1):15-26.
    • (2006) Chest , vol.129 , Issue.1 , pp. 15-26
    • Nelson, H.S.1    Weiss, S.T.2    Bleecker, E.R.3    Yancey, S.W.4    Dorinsky, P.M.5
  • 25
    • 58849139194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-acting beta-agonists: A review of formoterol safety data from asthma clinical trials
    • Sears MR, Ottosson A, Radner F, Suissa S. Long-acting beta-agonists: a review of formoterol safety data from asthma clinical trials. Eur Respir J. 2009;33(1):21-32.
    • (2009) Eur Respir J , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 21-32
    • Sears, M.R.1    Ottosson, A.2    Radner, F.3    Suissa, S.4
  • 26
    • 58849160015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety of long-acting beta-agonists: Urgent need to clear the air remains
    • Beasley R, Martinez FD, Hackshaw A, et al. Safety of long-acting beta-agonists: urgent need to clear the air remains. Eur Respir J. 2009;33(1):3-5.
    • (2009) Eur Respir J , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-5
    • Beasley, R.1    Martinez, F.D.2    Hackshaw, A.3
  • 28
    • 84855391731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonality and determinants of moderate and severe COPD exacerbations in the TORCH study
    • Jenkins CR, Celli B, Anderson JA, et al. Seasonality and determinants of moderate and severe COPD exacerbations in the TORCH study. Eur Respir J. 2012;39(1):38-45.
    • (2012) Eur Respir J , vol.39 , Issue.1 , pp. 38-45
    • Jenkins, C.R.1    Celli, B.2    Anderson, J.A.3
  • 29
    • 78149361805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of major comorbidities in subjects with COPD and incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke: A comprehensive analysis using data from primary care
    • Feary JR, Rodrigues LC, Smith CJ, Hubbard RB, Gibson JE. Prevalence of major comorbidities in subjects with COPD and incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke: a comprehensive analysis using data from primary care. Thorax. 2010;65(11):956-962.
    • (2010) Thorax , vol.65 , Issue.11 , pp. 956-962
    • Feary, J.R.1    Rodrigues, L.C.2    Smith, C.J.3    Hubbard, R.B.4    Gibson, J.E.5
  • 30
    • 0038354780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salmeterol and fluticasone 50 microg/250 microg bid in combination provides a better long-term control than salmeterol 50 microg bid alone and placebo in COPD patients already treated with theophylline
    • Dal Negro RW, Pomari C, Tognella S, Micheletto C. Salmeterol and fluticasone 50 microg/250 microg bid in combination provides a better long-term control than salmeterol 50 microg bid alone and placebo in COPD patients already treated with theophylline. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2003;16(4):241-246.
    • (2003) Pulm Pharmacol Ther , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 241-246
    • Dal Negro, R.W.1    Pomari, C.2    Tognella, S.3    Micheletto, C.4
  • 31
    • 0347473812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maintenance therapy with budesonide and formoterol in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Calverley PM, Boonsawat W, Cseke Z, Zhong N, Peterson S, Olsson H. Maintenance therapy with budesonide and formoterol in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J. 2003;22(6):912-919.
    • (2003) Eur Respir J , vol.22 , Issue.6 , pp. 912-919
    • Calverley, P.M.1    Boonsawat, W.2    Cseke, Z.3    Zhong, N.4    Peterson, S.5    Olsson, H.6
  • 32
    • 77954644418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of long-acting bronchodilators on total mortality in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Kliber A, Lynd LD, Sin DD. The effects of long-acting bronchodilators on total mortality in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Res. 2010;11:56.
    • (2010) Respir Res , vol.11 , pp. 56
    • Kliber, A.1    Lynd, L.D.2    Sin, D.D.3
  • 34
    • 51949090107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk for death associated with medications for recently diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Lee TA, Pickard AS, Au DH, Bartle B, Weiss KB. Risk for death associated with medications for recently diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149(6):380-390.
    • (2008) Ann Intern Med , vol.149 , Issue.6 , pp. 380-390
    • Lee, T.A.1    Pickard, A.S.2    Au, D.H.3    Bartle, B.4    Weiss, K.B.5
  • 35
    • 34547398090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival among COPD patients using fluticasone/salmeterol in combination versus other inhaled steroids and bronchodilators alone
    • Mapel DW, Nelson LS, Lydick E, Soriano J, Yood MU, Davis KJ. Survival among COPD patients using fluticasone/salmeterol in combination versus other inhaled steroids and bronchodilators alone. COPD. 2007;4(2):127-134.
    • (2007) COPD , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 127-134
    • Mapel, D.W.1    Nelson, L.S.2    Lydick, E.3    Soriano, J.4    Yood, M.U.5    Davis, K.J.6
  • 36
    • 84857996396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of long-acting beta-agonists on the frequency of COPD exacerbations: A meta-analysis
    • Wang J, Nie B, Xiong W, Xu Y. Effect of long-acting beta-agonists on the frequency of COPD exacerbations: a meta-analysis. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2012;37(2):204-211.
    • (2012) J Clin Pharm Ther , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 204-211
    • Wang, J.1    Nie, B.2    Xiong, W.3    Xu, Y.4
  • 37
    • 77956052751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular events in patients with COPD: TORCH study results
    • TORCH Investigators
    • Calverley PM, Anderson JA, Celli B, et al; TORCH Investigators. Cardiovascular events in patients with COPD: TORCH study results. Thorax. 2010;65(8):719-725.
    • (2010) Thorax , vol.65 , Issue.8 , pp. 719-725
    • Calverley, P.M.1    Anderson, J.A.2    Celli, B.3
  • 38
    • 79952280819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardio- and cerebrovascular safety of indacaterol vs formoterol, salmeterol, tiotropium and placebo in COPD
    • Worth H, Chung KF, Felser JM, Hu H, Rueegg P. Cardio- and cerebrovascular safety of indacaterol vs formoterol, salmeterol, tiotropium and placebo in COPD. Respir Med. 2011;105(4):571-579.
    • (2011) Respir Med , vol.105 , Issue.4 , pp. 571-579
    • Worth, H.1    Chung, K.F.2    Felser, J.M.3    Hu, H.4    Rueegg, P.5
  • 39
    • 77953707790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of a new once-daily long-acting inhaled beta2-agonist indacaterol versus twice-daily formoterol in COPD
    • INVOLVE (INdacaterol: Value in COPD: Longer Term Validation of Efficacy and Safety) Study Investigators
    • Dahl R, Chung KF, Buhl R, et al; INVOLVE (INdacaterol: Value in COPD: Longer Term Validation of Efficacy and Safety) Study Investigators. Efficacy of a new once-daily long-acting inhaled beta2-agonist indacaterol versus twice-daily formoterol in COPD. Thorax. 2010;65(6):473-479.
    • (2010) Thorax , vol.65 , Issue.6 , pp. 473-479
    • Dahl, R.1    Chung, K.F.2    Buhl, R.3
  • 40
    • 79953026850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Once-daily indacaterol versus twice-daily salmeterol for COPD: A placebo-controlled comparison
    • INLIGHT-2 (Indacaterol Efficacy Evaluation Using 150-μg Doses with COPD Patients) study investigators
    • Kornmann O, Dahl R, Centanni S, et al; INLIGHT-2 (Indacaterol Efficacy Evaluation Using 150-μg Doses with COPD Patients) study investigators. Once-daily indacaterol versus twice-daily salmeterol for COPD: a placebo-controlled comparison. Eur Respir J. 2011;37(2): 273-279.
    • (2011) Eur Respir J , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 273-279
    • Kornmann, O.1    Dahl, R.2    Centanni, S.3
  • 41
    • 77954800883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Once-daily bronchodilators for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Indacaterol versus tiotropium
    • INHANCE Study Investigators
    • Donohue JF, Fogarty C, Lötvall J, et al; INHANCE Study Investigators. Once-daily bronchodilators for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: indacaterol versus tiotropium. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010;182(2): 155-162.
    • (2010) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.182 , Issue.2 , pp. 155-162
    • Donohue, J.F.1    Fogarty, C.2    Lötvall, J.3
  • 42
    • 79960405028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term safety and efficacy of indacaterol, a long-acting β2-agonist, in subjects with COPD: A randomized, placebo-controlled study
    • INDORSE Study Investigators
    • Chapman KR, Rennard SI, Dogra A, Owen R, Lassen C, Kramer B; INDORSE Study Investigators. Long-term safety and efficacy of indacaterol, a long-acting β2-agonist, in subjects with COPD: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Chest. 2011;140(1):68-75.
    • (2011) Chest , vol.140 , Issue.1 , pp. 68-75
    • Chapman, K.R.1    Rennard, S.I.2    Dogra, A.3    Owen, R.4    Lassen, C.5    Kramer, B.6
  • 43
    • 29944439589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global Initiative on Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) classification of lung disease and mortality: Findings from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study
    • Mannino DM, Doherty DE, Sonia Buist A. Global Initiative on Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) classification of lung disease and mortality: findings from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Respir Med. 2006;100(1):115-122.
    • (2006) Respir Med , vol.100 , Issue.1 , pp. 115-122
    • Mannino, D.M.1    Doherty, D.E.2    Sonia, B.A.3
  • 45
    • 2942744546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of beta-agonists in patients with asthma and COPD: A meta-analysis
    • Salpeter SR, Ormiston TM, Salpeter EE. Cardiovascular effects of beta-agonists in patients with asthma and COPD: a meta-analysis. Chest. 2004;125(6):2309-2321.
    • (2004) Chest , vol.125 , Issue.6 , pp. 2309-2321
    • Salpeter, S.R.1    Ormiston, T.M.2    Salpeter, E.E.3
  • 46
    • 23744435643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled beta2-adrenoceptor agonists: Cardiovascular safety in patients with obstructive lung disease
    • Cazzola M, Matera MG, Donner CF. Inhaled beta2-adrenoceptor agonists: cardiovascular safety in patients with obstructive lung disease. Drugs. 2005;65(12):1595-1610.
    • (2005) Drugs , vol.65 , Issue.12 , pp. 1595-1610
    • Cazzola, M.1    Matera, M.G.2    Donner, C.F.3
  • 47
    • 84864805183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bronchodilator use and the risk of arrhythmia in COPD: Part 2: Reassessment in the larger Quebec cohort
    • Wilchesky M, Ernst P, Brophy JM, Platt RW, Suissa S. Bronchodilator use and the risk of arrhythmia in COPD: part 2: reassessment in the larger Quebec cohort. Chest. 2012;142(2):305-311.
    • (2012) Chest , vol.142 , Issue.2 , pp. 305-311
    • Wilchesky, M.1    Ernst, P.2    Brophy, J.M.3    Platt, R.W.4    Suissa, S.5
  • 48
    • 34447310860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled corticosteroid use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the risk of hospitalization for pneumonia
    • Ernst P, Gonzalez AV, Brassard P, Suissa S. Inhaled corticosteroid use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the risk of hospitalization for pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;176(2):162-166.
    • (2007) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.176 , Issue.2 , pp. 162-166
    • Ernst, P.1    Gonzalez, A.V.2    Brassard, P.3    Suissa, S.4
  • 49
    • 84869239734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in prevalence and load of airway bacteria using quantitative PCR in stable and exacerbated COPD
    • Garcha DS, Thurston SJ, Patel AR, et al. Changes in prevalence and load of airway bacteria using quantitative PCR in stable and exacerbated COPD. Thorax. 2012;67(12):1075-1080.
    • (2012) Thorax , vol.67 , Issue.12 , pp. 1075-1080
    • Garcha, D.S.1    Thurston, S.J.2    Patel, A.R.3
  • 50
    • 77956689733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE) Investigators
    • Hurst JR, Vestbo J, Anzueto A, et al; Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE) Investigators. Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(12):1128-1138.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.363 , Issue.12 , pp. 1128-1138
    • Hurst, J.R.1    Vestbo, J.2    Anzueto, A.3
  • 51
    • 40649117704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes for COPD pharmacological trials: From lung function to biomarkers
    • American Thoracic Society; European Respiratory Society Task Force on outcomes of COPD
    • Cazzola M, MacNee W, Martinez FJ, et al; American Thoracic Society; European Respiratory Society Task Force on outcomes of COPD. Outcomes for COPD pharmacological trials: from lung function to biomarkers. Eur Respir J. 2008;31(2):416-469.
    • (2008) Eur Respir J , vol.31 , Issue.2 , pp. 416-469
    • Cazzola, M.1    Macnee, W.2    Martinez, F.J.3
  • 52
    • 0027318687 scopus 로고
    • Functional significance of increased airway smooth muscle in asthma and COPD
    • Lambert RK, Wiggs BR, Kuwano K, Hogg JC, Pare PD. Functional significance of increased airway smooth muscle in asthma and COPD. J Appl Physiol. 1993;74(6):2771-2781.
    • (1993) J Appl Physiol , vol.74 , Issue.6 , pp. 2771-2781
    • Lambert, R.K.1    Wiggs, B.R.2    Kuwano, K.3    Hogg, J.C.4    Pare, P.D.5
  • 54
    • 0036379548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antagonism of long-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonism
    • Lipworth BJ. Antagonism of long-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonism. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2002;54(3):231-245.
    • (2002) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.54 , Issue.3 , pp. 231-245
    • Lipworth, B.J.1
  • 55
    • 33645129813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is sustained pharmacologic lung volume reduction now possible in COPD?
    • O'Donnell DE. Is sustained pharmacologic lung volume reduction now possible in COPD? Chest. 2006;129(3):501-503.
    • (2006) Chest , vol.129 , Issue.3 , pp. 501-503
    • O'Donnell, D.E.1
  • 56
    • 85047694597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antithetic regulation by beta-adrenergic receptors of Gq receptor signaling via phospholipase C underlies the airway beta-agonist paradox
    • McGraw DW, Almoosa KF, Paul RJ, Kobilka BK, Liggett SB. Antithetic regulation by beta-adrenergic receptors of Gq receptor signaling via phospholipase C underlies the airway beta-agonist paradox. J Clin Invest. 2003;112(4):619-626.
    • (2003) J Clin Invest , vol.112 , Issue.4 , pp. 619-626
    • McGraw, D.W.1    Almoosa, K.F.2    Paul, R.J.3    Kobilka, B.K.4    Liggett, S.B.5
  • 57
    • 60549103882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta2-adrenoceptor signaling is required for the development of an asthma phenotype in a murine model
    • Nguyen LP, Lin R, Parra S, et al. Beta2-adrenoceptor signaling is required for the development of an asthma phenotype in a murine model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106(7):2435-2440.
    • (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.106 , Issue.7 , pp. 2435-2440
    • Nguyen, L.P.1    Lin, R.2    Parra, S.3
  • 58
    • 38049005296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The safety and effects of the beta-blocker, nadolol, in mild asthma: An open-label pilot study
    • Hanania NA, Singh S, El-Wali R, et al. The safety and effects of the beta-blocker, nadolol, in mild asthma: an open-label pilot study. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2008;21(1):134-141.
    • (2008) Pulm Pharmacol Ther , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 134-141
    • Hanania, N.A.1    Singh, S.2    El-Wali, R.3
  • 59
    • 58149178692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta blockers for asthma: A double-edged sword
    • Lipworth BJ, Williamson PA. Beta blockers for asthma: a double-edged sword. Lancet. 2009;373(9658):104-105.
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.373 , Issue.9658 , pp. 104-105
    • Lipworth, B.J.1    Williamson, P.A.2
  • 61
    • 37849011194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations by salmeterol/fluticasone propionate or tiotropium bromide
    • INSPIRE Investigators
    • Wedzicha JA, Calverley PM, Seemungal TA, Hagan G, Ansari Z, Stockley RA; INSPIRE Investigators. The prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations by salmeterol/fluticasone propionate or tiotropium bromide. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;177(1):19-26.
    • (2008) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.177 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-26
    • Wedzicha, J.A.1    Calverley, P.M.2    Seemungal, T.A.3    Hagan, G.4    Ansari, Z.5    Stockley, R.A.6
  • 62
    • 79953166862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tiotropium versus salmeterol for the prevention of exacerbations of COPD
    • POET-COPD Investigators
    • Vogelmeier C, Hederer B, Glaab T, et al; POET-COPD Investigators. Tiotropium versus salmeterol for the prevention of exacerbations of COPD. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(12):1093-1103.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.364 , Issue.12 , pp. 1093-1103
    • Vogelmeier, C.1    Hederer, B.2    Glaab, T.3
  • 63
    • 84871253503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of bronchodilator treatment in the prevention of exacerbations of COPD
    • Epub July 26
    • Wedzicha J, Decramer M, Seemungal T. The role of bronchodilator treatment in the prevention of exacerbations of COPD. Eur Respir J. Epub July 26, 2012.
    • (2012) Eur Respir J
    • Wedzicha, J.1    Decramer, M.2    Seemungal, T.3
  • 64
    • 55949119217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The metabolic syndrome, diabetes and lung dysfunction
    • Tiengo A, Fadini GP, Avogaro A. The metabolic syndrome, diabetes and lung dysfunction. Diabetes Metab. 2008;34(5):447-454.
    • (2008) Diabetes Metab , vol.34 , Issue.5 , pp. 447-454
    • Tiengo, A.1    Fadini, G.P.2    Avogaro, A.3
  • 65
    • 33847161293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treating COPD - the TORCH trial, P values, and the Dodo
    • Rabe KF. Treating COPD - the TORCH trial, P values, and the Dodo. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(8):851-854.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356 , Issue.8 , pp. 851-854
    • Rabe, K.F.1
  • 66
    • 34347340694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of death in COPD
    • La Vecchia C, Fabbri LM. Prevention of death in COPD. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(21):2211-2212.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356 , Issue.21 , pp. 2211-2212
    • la Vecchia, C.1    Fabbri, L.M.2
  • 67
    • 47049130249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodological issues in therapeutic trials of COPD
    • Suissa S, Ernst P, Vandemheen KL, Aaron SD. Methodological issues in therapeutic trials of COPD. Eur Respir J. 2008;31(5):927-933.
    • (2008) Eur Respir J , vol.31 , Issue.5 , pp. 927-933
    • Suissa, S.1    Ernst, P.2    Vandemheen, K.L.3    Aaron, S.D.4
  • 68
    • 0036206172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of formoterol dry powder and oral, slow-release theophylline in the treatment of COPD
    • Formoterol in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (FICOPD) II Study Group
    • Rossi A, Kristufek P, Levine BE, et al; Formoterol in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (FICOPD) II Study Group. Comparison of the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of formoterol dry powder and oral, slow-release theophylline in the treatment of COPD. Chest. 2002;121(4):1058-1069.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.121 , Issue.4 , pp. 1058-1069
    • Rossi, A.1    Kristufek, P.2    Levine, B.E.3
  • 69
    • 0037246566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of budesonide/formoterol in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Szafranski W, Cukier A, Ramirez A, et al. Efficacy and safety of budesonide/formoterol in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J. 2003;21(1):74-81.
    • (2003) Eur Respir J , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 74-81
    • Szafranski, W.1    Cukier, A.2    Ramirez, A.3
  • 70
    • 28044433010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formoterol for maintenance and as-needed treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Campbell M, Eliraz A, Johansson G, et al. Formoterol for maintenance and as-needed treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med. 2005;99(12):1511-1520.
    • (2005) Respir Med , vol.99 , Issue.12 , pp. 1511-1520
    • Campbell, M.1    Eliraz, A.2    Johansson, G.3
  • 71
    • 51449109607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of budesonide and formoterol in one pressurized metered-dose inhaler in patients with moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Results of a 6-month randomized clinical trial
    • Tashkin DP, Rennard SI, Martin P, et al. Efficacy and safety of budesonide and formoterol in one pressurized metered-dose inhaler in patients with moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results of a 6-month randomized clinical trial. Drugs. 2008;68(14):1975-2000.
    • (2008) Drugs , vol.68 , Issue.14 , pp. 1975-2000
    • Tashkin, D.P.1    Rennard, S.I.2    Martin, P.3
  • 72
    • 55749112997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formoterol mono- and combination therapy with tiotropium in patients with COPD: A 6-month study
    • Vogelmeier C, Kardos P, Harari S, Gans SJ, Stenglein S, Thirlwell J. Formoterol mono- and combination therapy with tiotropium in patients with COPD: a 6-month study. Respir Med. 2008;102(11): 1511-1520.
    • (2008) Respir Med , vol.102 , Issue.11 , pp. 1511-1520
    • Vogelmeier, C.1    Kardos, P.2    Harari, S.3    Gans, S.J.4    Stenglein, S.5    Thirlwell, J.6
  • 73
    • 64949164160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerability of budesonide/formoterol in one hydrofluoroalkane pressurized metered-dose inhaler in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Results from a 1-year randomized controlled clinical trial
    • Rennard SI, Tashkin DP, McElhattan J, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of budesonide/formoterol in one hydrofluoroalkane pressurized metered-dose inhaler in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from a 1-year randomized controlled clinical trial. Drugs. 2009;69(5):549-565.
    • (2009) Drugs , vol.69 , Issue.5 , pp. 549-565
    • Rennard, S.I.1    Tashkin, D.P.2    McElhattan, J.3
  • 74
    • 84857072896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of mometasone furoate/formoterol fumarate fixed-dose combination formulation on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): Results from a 52-week Phase III trial in subjects with moderate-to-very severe COPD
    • Doherty DE, Tashkin DP, Kerwin E, et al. Effects of mometasone furoate/formoterol fumarate fixed-dose combination formulation on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): results from a 52-week Phase III trial in subjects with moderate-to-very severe COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2012;7:57-71.
    • (2012) Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis , vol.7 , pp. 57-71
    • Doherty, D.E.1    Tashkin, D.P.2    Kerwin, E.3
  • 75
    • 84857087525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of a fixed-dose combination of mometasone furoate and formoterol fumarate in subjects with moderate to very severe COPD: Results from a 52-week Phase III trial
    • Tashkin DP, Doherty DE, Kerwin E, et al. Efficacy and safety of a fixed-dose combination of mometasone furoate and formoterol fumarate in subjects with moderate to very severe COPD: results from a 52-week Phase III trial. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2012;7:43-55.
    • (2012) Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis , vol.7 , pp. 43-55
    • Tashkin, D.P.1    Doherty, D.E.2    Kerwin, E.3
  • 76
    • 0037108632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of fluticasone propionate and salmeterol combination delivered via the Diskus device in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Mahler DA, Wire P, Horstman D, et al. Effectiveness of fluticasone propionate and salmeterol combination delivered via the Diskus device in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166(8):1084-1091.
    • (2002) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.166 , Issue.8 , pp. 1084-1091
    • Mahler, D.A.1    Wire, P.2    Horstman, D.3
  • 77
    • 0036333085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The addition of salmeterol 50 microg bid to anticholinergic treatment in patients with COPD: A randomized, placebo controlled trial. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • International study group
    • Chapman KR, Arvidsson P, Chuchalin AG, et al; International study group. The addition of salmeterol 50 microg bid to anticholinergic treatment in patients with COPD: a randomized, placebo controlled trial. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Can Respir J. 2002;9(3): 178-185.
    • (2002) Can Respir J , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 178-185
    • Chapman, K.R.1    Arvidsson, P.2    Chuchalin, A.G.3
  • 78
    • 0037425745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined salmeterol and fluticasone in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomised controlled trial
    • TRial of Inhaled STeroids ANd long-acting beta2 agonists study group
    • Calverley P, Pauwels R, Vestbo J, et al; TRial of Inhaled STeroids ANd long-acting beta2 agonists study group. Combined salmeterol and fluticasone in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;361(9356):449-456.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , Issue.9356 , pp. 449-456
    • Calverley, P.1    Pauwels, R.2    Vestbo, J.3
  • 79
    • 0038366897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health outcomes following treatment for six months with once daily tiotropium compared with twice daily salmeterol in patients with COPD
    • Brusasco V, Hodder R, Miravitlles M, Korducki L, Towse L, Kesten S. Health outcomes following treatment for six months with once daily tiotropium compared with twice daily salmeterol in patients with COPD. Thorax. 2003;58(5):399-404.
    • (2003) Thorax , vol.58 , Issue.5 , pp. 399-404
    • Brusasco, V.1    Hodder, R.2    Miravitlles, M.3    Korducki, L.4    Towse, L.5    Kesten, S.6
  • 80
    • 0141558800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate (250 microg)/salmeterol (50 microg) combined in the Diskus inhaler for the treatment of COPD
    • Hanania NA, Darken P, Horstman D, et al. The efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate (250 microg)/salmeterol (50 microg) combined in the Diskus inhaler for the treatment of COPD. Chest. 2003;124(3):834-843.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.124 , Issue.3 , pp. 834-843
    • Hanania, N.A.1    Darken, P.2    Horstman, D.3
  • 81
    • 32544444451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addition of salmeterol to existing treatment in patients with COPD: A 12 month study
    • Stockley RA, Chopra N, Rice L. Addition of salmeterol to existing treatment in patients with COPD: a 12 month study. Thorax. 2006;61(2): 122-128.
    • (2006) Thorax , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 122-128
    • Stockley, R.A.1    Chopra, N.2    Rice, L.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.