Endocrinopathies in beta-thalassemia major: Prevalence, risk factors, and age at diagnosis in northwest Saudi Arabia

Saudi Medical Journal

Volumn 34, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 67-73

  Habeb, Abdelhadi M ^a   Al Hawsawi, Zakaria M ^a   Morsy, Mohamed M ^a   Al Harbi, Abdallah M ^a   Osilan, Adnan S ^a   Al Magamsi, Mohamed S ^a   Zolaly, Mohamed A ^a  

^a King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Medical City   (Saudi Arabia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FOLLITROPIN; LUTEINIZING HORMONE; PARATHYROID HORMONE; THYROTROPIN;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE; AMENORRHEA; ARTICLE; BETA THALASSEMIA; BLOOD TRANSFUSION; CHILD; COHORT ANALYSIS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DELAYED PUBERTY; ENDOCRINE DISEASE; FEMALE; FERRITIN BLOOD LEVEL; FOLLOW UP; FREE THYROXINE INDEX; HUMAN; HYPOCALCEMIA; HYPOGONADISM; HYPOPARATHYROIDISM; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PREVALENCE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK FACTOR; SHORT STATURE;

AGE OF ONSET; BETA-THALASSEMIA; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; ENDOCRINE SYSTEM DISEASES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PREVALENCE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SAUDI ARABIA; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84872742213     PISSN: 03795284     EISSN: 16583175     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Modell B, Khan M, Darlison M, Westwood MA, Ingram D, Pennell DJ. Improved survival of thalassaemia major in the UK and relation to T2* cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2008; 10: 42.
2. De SancThis V, Eleftheriou A, Malaventura C; Talassaemia International Federation Study Group on Growth and Endocrine Complications in Talassaemia. Prevalence of endocrine complications and short stature in patients with thalassaemia major: a multicenter study by the Talassaemia International Federation (TIF). Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2004; 2 Suppl 2: 249-255.
3. Fung EB, Harmatz PR, Lee PD, Milet M, Bellevue R, Jeng MR, et al. Increased prevalence of iron overload associated endocrinopathy in thalassaemia versus sickle cell disease. Br J Haematol 2006; 135: 574-582.
4. Gamberini MR, De S.V, Gilli G. Hypogonadism, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism: incidence and prevalence related to iron overload and chelation therapy in patients with thalassemia major followed from 1980 to 2007 in the Ferrara Centre. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2008; 6 Suppl 1: 158-169.
5. Toumba M, Sergis A, Kanaris C, Skordis N. Endocrine complications in patients with Talassaemia Major. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2007; 5: 642-648.
6. Shamshirsaz AA, Bekheirnia MR, Kamgar M, Pourzahedgilani N, Bouzari N, Habibzadeh M, et al. Metabolic and endocrinologic complications in beta-thalassemia major: a multicenter study in Tehran. BMC Endocr Disord 2003; 3: 4.
7. Mula-Abed WA. Prevalence of endocrinopathies in patients with Beta-thalassemia major - a cross-sectional study in oman. Oman Med J 2008; 23: 257-262.
8. Merchant RH, Shirodkar A, Ahmed J. Evaluation of growth, puberty and endocrine dysfunctions in relation to iron overload in multi transfused Indian thalassemia patients. Indian J Pediatr 2011; 78: 679-683.
9. Soliman AT, elZalabany M, Amer M, Ansari BM. Growth and pubertal development in transfusion-dependent children and adolescents with thalassemia major and sickle cell disease: a comparative study. J Trop Pediatr 1999; 45: 23-30.
10. Capellini MD, Cohen A, Eleftheriou A, Plaga A, Porter J, All Taher. Guidelines for the clinical management of thalassemia. 2nd ed. Nicosia (Cyprus): Talassaemia International Federation; 2008.
11. Alhamdan NA, Almazrou YY, Alswaidi FM, Choudhry AJ. Premarital screening for thalassemia and sickle cell disease in Saudi Arabia. Genet Med 2007; 9: 372-377.
12. El-Hazmi MA, Warsy AS, al-Fawaz I. Iron-endocrine pattern in patients with beta-thalassemia. J Trop Pediatr 1994; 40: 219-224.
13. Aleem A, Al-Momen AK, Al-Harakati MS, Hassan A, al-Fawaz I. Hypocalcemia due to hypoparathyroidism in beta-thalassemia major patients. Ann Saudi Med 2000; 20: 364-366.
14. El-Hazmi MA, al-Swailem A, al-Fawaz I, Warsey AS, al-Swailem A. Diabetes mellitus in children sufering from beta-thalassemia. J Trop Pediatr 1994; 40: 261-266.
15. Al-Hawsawi ZM, Ismail GA, Al-Harbi HA, Al-Sobhi ZR. B-thalassemia major. Saudi Med J 2003; 24: 1027-1029.
16. Tanner JM. Normal growth and techniques of growth assessment. Clin Endocrinol Metab 1986; 15: 411-451.
17. El-Mouzan MI, Al-Herbish AS, Al-Salloum AA, Qurachi MM, Al-Omar AA. Growth charts for Saudi children and adolescents. Saudi Med J 2007; 28: 1555-1168.
18. Abdelrazik N, Ghanem H. Failure of puberty in Egyptian beta thalassemic patients: experience in north east region - Dakahlia province. Hematology 2007; 12: 449-456.
19. Moayeri H, Oloomi Z. Prevalence of growth and puberty failure with respect to growth hormone and gonadotropins secretion in beta-thalassemia major. Arch Iran Med 2006; 9: 329-334.
20. Skordis N, Michaelidou M, Savva SC, Ioannou Y, Rousounides A, Kleanthous M, et al. Te impact of genotype on endocrine complications in thalassemia major. Eur J Haematol 2006; 77: 150-156.
21. Chatterjee R, Bajoria R. Critical appraisal of growth retardation and pubertal disturbances in thalassemia. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010; 1202: 100-114.
22. De S, V, De SE, Ricchieri P, Gubellini E, Gilli G, Gamberini MR. Mild subclinical hypothyroidism in thalassemia major: prevalence, multigated radionuclide test, clinical and laboratory long-term follow-up study. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2008; 6 Suppl 1: 174-180.
23. Zervas A, Katopodi A, Protonotariou A, Livadas S, Karagiorga M, PoliThis C, et al. Assessment of thyroid function in two hundred patients with beta-thalassemia major. Tyroid 2002; 12: 151-154.
24. Malik SA, Syed S, Ahmed N. Frequency of hypothyroidism in patients of beta-thalassemia. J Pak Med Assoc 2010; 60: 17-20.
25. Jaruratanasirikul S, Wongcharnchailert M, Laosombat V, Sangsupavanich P, Leetanaporn K. Tyroid function in beta-thalassemic children receiving hypertransfusions with suboptimal iron-chelating therapy. J Med Assoc Tai 2007; 90: 1798-1802.
26. Siddiqui AM, Kamfar HZ. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency rickets in adolescent school girls in Western region, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2007; 28: 441-444.
27. Elsammak MY, Al-Wosaibi AA, Al-Howeish A, Alsaeed J. Vitamin d deficiency in Saudi Arabs. Horm Metab Res 2010; 42: 364-368.
28. Soliman A, Adel A, Wagdy M, Al AM, ElMulla N. Calcium homeostasis in 40 adolescents with beta-thalassemia major: a case-control study of the effects of intramuscular injection of a megadose of cholecalciferol. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2008; 6 Suppl 1: 149-154.
29. Srivatsa A, Marwaha RK, Muraldharan R, Trehan A. Assessment of adrenal endocrine function in Asian thalassemics. Indian Pediatr 2005; 42: 31-35.