메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 139, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 127-136

Effects of physicochemical properties of nanofiltration membranes on the rejection of small organic DBP precursors

Author keywords

Atomic force microscopy; Disinfection by product; Nanofiltration; Streaming potential; Surface roughness; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Indexed keywords

3-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACIDS; AFM; ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPE (AFM); CHARGED NF MEMBRANES; CONTROLLING FACTORS; DBP PRECURSORS; DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT; DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS; ELECTROSTATIC REPULSION; FLUX DECLINE; FOULING POTENTIAL; HIGH PH VALUE; MEMBRANE SURFACE; MEMBRANE SURFACE CHARGE; MODEL COMPOUND; NF MEMBRANES; OPERATION CONDITIONS; PHLOROGLUCINOL; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTY; REMOVAL EFFICIENCIES; SCAN AREA; SMALL ORGANIC MOLECULES; STERIC HINDRANCES; STREAMING POTENTIAL; STREAMING POTENTIAL MEASUREMENTS; TANNIC ACID; VARIOUS PH;

EID: 84872554224     PISSN: 07339372     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000623     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (40)
  • 1
    • 11244333049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrafiltration of water containing natural organic matter: Heavy metal removing in the hybrid complexation-ultrafiltration process
    • SPUTFP 1383-5866 10.1016/j.seppur.2004.02.003
    • Alpatova, A., Verbych, S., Bryk, M., Nigmatullin, R., and, Hilal, N. (2004). " Ultrafiltration of water containing natural organic matter: Heavy metal removing in the hybrid complexation-ultrafiltration process." Sep. Purif. Technol., 40 (2), 155-162. SPUTFP 1383-5866 10.1016/j.seppur.2004.02.003
    • (2004) Sep. Purif. Technol. , vol.40 , Issue.2 , pp. 155-162
    • Alpatova, A.1    Verbych, S.2    Bryk, M.3    Nigmatullin, R.4    Hilal, N.5
  • 2
    • 0036354545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hydration of polyamide membranes on the surface electrokinetic parameters: Surface characterization by X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy
    • JCISA5 0021-9797 10.1006/jcis.2001.8071
    • Ariza, M. J., Benavente, J., Rodríguez, E., and, Palacio, L. (2002). " Effect of hydration of polyamide membranes on the surface electrokinetic parameters: Surface characterization by X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy." J. Colloid. Interface Sci., 247 (1), 149-158. JCISA5 0021-9797 10.1006/jcis.2001.8071
    • (2002) J. Colloid. Interface Sci. , vol.247 , Issue.1 , pp. 149-158
    • Ariza, M.J.1    Benavente, J.2    Rodríguez, E.3    Palacio, L.4
  • 3
    • 84872515064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avantage version 2.26 [Computer software].
    • Avantage version 2.26 [Computer software].
  • 4
    • 1842685335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of age and chemical treatments on characteristics parameters for active and porous sublayers of polymeric composite membranes
    • JCISA5 0021-9797 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.11.023
    • Benavente, J., and, Vázquez, M. I. (2004). " Effect of age and chemical treatments on characteristics parameters for active and porous sublayers of polymeric composite membranes." J. Colloid. Interface Sci., 273 (2), 547-555. JCISA5 0021-9797 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.11.023
    • (2004) J. Colloid. Interface Sci. , vol.273 , Issue.2 , pp. 547-555
    • Benavente, J.1    Vázquez, M.I.2
  • 6
    • 19344371722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roughness and hydrophobicity studies of nanofiltration membranes using different modes of AFM
    • JCISA5 0021-9797 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.01.095
    • Boussu, K., Van der Bruggen, B., Volodin, A., Snauwaert, J., Van Haesendonck, C., and, Vamdecasteele, C. (2005). " Roughness and hydrophobicity studies of nanofiltration membranes using different modes of AFM." J. Colloid. Interface Sci., 286 (2), 632-638. JCISA5 0021-9797 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.01.095
    • (2005) J. Colloid. Interface Sci. , vol.286 , Issue.2 , pp. 632-638
    • Boussu, K.1    Van Der Bruggen, B.2    Volodin, A.3    Snauwaert, J.4    Van Haesendonck, C.5    Vamdecasteele, C.6
  • 7
    • 0034631752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atomic force microscopy studies of nanofiltration membranes: Surface morphology, pore size distribution and adhesion
    • DSLNAH 0011-9164 10.1016/S0011-9164(00)00058-8
    • Bowen, W. R., and, Doneva, T. A. (2000). " Atomic force microscopy studies of nanofiltration membranes: Surface morphology, pore size distribution and adhesion." Desalination, 129 (2), 163-172. DSLNAH 0011-9164 10.1016/S0011-9164(00)00058-8
    • (2000) Desalination , vol.129 , Issue.2 , pp. 163-172
    • Bowen, W.R.1    Doneva, T.A.2
  • 8
    • 0033181032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation of chloroform by aqueous chlorination of organic compounds
    • CMSHAF 0045-6535 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00124-1
    • Chaidou, C. I., Georgakilas, V. I., Stalikas, C., Saraci, M., and, Lahaniatis, E. S. (1999). " Formation of chloroform by aqueous chlorination of organic compounds." Chemosphere, 39 (4), 587-594. CMSHAF 0045-6535 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00124-1
    • (1999) Chemosphere , vol.39 , Issue.4 , pp. 587-594
    • Chaidou, C.I.1    Georgakilas, V.I.2    Stalikas, C.3    Saraci, M.4    Lahaniatis, E.S.5
  • 9
    • 0034903420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of organic precursors and their relationship with disinfection by-products
    • CMSHAF 0045-6535 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00499-9
    • Chang, E. E., Chaing, P. C., Ko, Y. W., and, Lan, W. S. (2001). " Characteristics of organic precursors and their relationship with disinfection by-products." Chemosphere, 44 (5), 1231-1236. CMSHAF 0045-6535 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00499-9
    • (2001) Chemosphere , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 1231-1236
    • Chang, E.E.1    Chaing, P.C.2    Ko, Y.W.3    Lan, W.S.4
  • 10
    • 0036169568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NOM characteristics and treatabilities of ozonation processes
    • CMSHAF 0045-6535 10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00181-3
    • Chiang, P. C., Chang, E. E., and, Liang, C. H. (2002). " NOM characteristics and treatabilities of ozonation processes." Chemosphere, 46 (6), 929-936. CMSHAF 0045-6535 10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00181-3
    • (2002) Chemosphere , vol.46 , Issue.6 , pp. 929-936
    • Chiang, P.C.1    Chang, E.E.2    Liang, C.H.3
  • 11
    • 0030590547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of solution chemistry on the surface charge of polymeric reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes
    • JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/0376-7388(96)00127-5
    • Childress, A. E., and, Elimelech, M. (1996). " Effect of solution chemistry on the surface charge of polymeric reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes." J. Membr. Sci., 119 (2), 253-268. JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/0376-7388(96)00127-5
    • (1996) J. Membr. Sci. , vol.119 , Issue.2 , pp. 253-268
    • Childress, A.E.1    Elimelech, M.2
  • 12
    • 0034284824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relating nanofiltration membrane performance to membrane charge (electrokinetic) characteristics
    • ESTHAG 0013-936X 10.1021/es0008620
    • Childress, A. E., and, Elimelech, M. (2000). " Relating nanofiltration membrane performance to membrane charge (electrokinetic) characteristics." Environ. Sci. Technol., 34 (17), 3710-3716. ESTHAG 0013-936X 10.1021/es0008620
    • (2000) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.34 , Issue.17 , pp. 3710-3716
    • Childress, A.E.1    Elimelech, M.2
  • 14
    • 0032136778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma treatment of polymers: The effect of energy transfer from an argon plasma on the surface chemistry of polystyrene, and polypropylene. A high-energy resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study
    • LANGD5 0743-7463 10.1021/la9713053
    • France, R. M., and, Short, R. D. (1998). " Plasma treatment of polymers: The effect of energy transfer from an argon plasma on the surface chemistry of polystyrene, and polypropylene. A high-energy resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study." Langmuir, 14 (17), 4827-4835. LANGD5 0743-7463 10.1021/la9713053
    • (1998) Langmuir , vol.14 , Issue.17 , pp. 4827-4835
    • France, R.M.1    Short, R.D.2
  • 15
    • 0036844637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TFC polyamide membranes modified by grafting of hydrophilic polymers: An FT-IR/AFM/TEM study
    • JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/S0376-7388(02)00356-3
    • Freger, V., Gilron, J., and, Belfer, S. (2002). " TFC polyamide membranes modified by grafting of hydrophilic polymers: an FT-IR/AFM/TEM study." J. Membr. Sci., 209 (1), 283-292. JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/S0376-7388(02)00356-3
    • (2002) J. Membr. Sci. , vol.209 , Issue.1 , pp. 283-292
    • Freger, V.1    Gilron, J.2    Belfer, S.3
  • 18
    • 27644563236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of nanofiltration membranes using atomic force microscopy
    • DSLNAH 0011-9164 10.1016/j.desal.2004.12.008
    • Hilal, N., Al-Zoubi, H., Darwish, N. A., and, Mohammad, A. W. (2005). " Characterization of nanofiltration membranes using atomic force microscopy." Desalination, 177 (1-3), 187-199. DSLNAH 0011-9164 10.1016/j.desal.2004.12.008
    • (2005) Desalination , vol.177 , Issue.13 , pp. 187-199
    • Hilal, N.1    Al-Zoubi, H.2    Darwish, N.A.3    Mohammad, A.W.4
  • 19
    • 0033226414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of membrane fouling in the treatment of water solutions containing humic acids and mineral salts
    • DSLNAH 0011-9164 10.1016/S0011-9164(99)00172-1
    • Kabsch-Korbutowicz, M., Majewska-Nowak, K., and, Winnicki, T. (1999). " Analysis of membrane fouling in the treatment of water solutions containing humic acids and mineral salts." Desalination, 126 (1-3), 179-185. DSLNAH 0011-9164 10.1016/S0011-9164(99)00172-1
    • (1999) Desalination , vol.126 , Issue.13 , pp. 179-185
    • Kabsch-Korbutowicz, M.1    Majewska-Nowak, K.2    Winnicki, T.3
  • 20
    • 0344825085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rejection of organic micropollutants (disinfection by-products, endocrine disrupting compounds, and pharmaceutically active compounds) by NF/RO membranes
    • JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/j.memsci.2003.09.005
    • Kimura, K., Amy, G., Drewes, J. E., Heberer, T., Kim, T. U., and, Wtanabe, Y. (2003). " Rejection of organic micropollutants (disinfection by-products, endocrine disrupting compounds, and pharmaceutically active compounds) by NF/RO membranes." J. Membr. Sci., 227 (1-2), 113-121. JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/j.memsci.2003.09.005
    • (2003) J. Membr. Sci. , vol.227 , Issue.12 , pp. 113-121
    • Kimura, K.1    Amy, G.2    Drewes, J.E.3    Heberer, T.4    Kim, T.U.5    Wtanabe, Y.6
  • 21
    • 7244257803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rejection of neutral endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) by RO membranes
    • JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.07.018
    • Kimura, K., Toshima, S., Amy, G., and, Watanabe, Y. (2004). " Rejection of neutral endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) by RO membranes." J. Membr. Sci., 245 (1-2), 71-78. JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.07.018
    • (2004) J. Membr. Sci. , vol.245 , Issue.12 , pp. 71-78
    • Kimura, K.1    Toshima, S.2    Amy, G.3    Watanabe, Y.4
  • 22
    • 0031195254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring the properties of natural organic matter through UV spectroscopy: A consistent theory
    • WATRAG 0043-1354 10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00006-7
    • Korshin, G. V., Li, C. W., and, Benjamin, M. M. (1997). " Monitoring the properties of natural organic matter through UV spectroscopy: A consistent theory." Water Res., 31 (7), 1787-1795. WATRAG 0043-1354 10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00006-7
    • (1997) Water Res. , vol.31 , Issue.7 , pp. 1787-1795
    • Korshin, G.V.1    Li, C.W.2    Benjamin, M.M.3
  • 23
    • 33846845153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyamide thin film composite membranes prepared from 3,4′,5-biphenyl triacyl chloride, 3,3′,5,5′-bphenyl tetraacyl chloride and m-phenlenediamine
    • JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/j.memsci.2006.12.007
    • Li, L., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., and, Zheng, G. (2007). " Polyamide thin film composite membranes prepared from 3,4′,5-biphenyl triacyl chloride, 3,3′,5,5′-bphenyl tetraacyl chloride and m-phenlenediamine." J. Membr. Sci., 289 (1-2), 258-267. JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/j.memsci.2006.12.007
    • (2007) J. Membr. Sci. , vol.289 , Issue.12 , pp. 258-267
    • Li, L.1    Zhang, S.2    Zhang, X.3    Zheng, G.4
  • 24
    • 33747795989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of disinfection by-products precursors by nanofiltration process
    • JHMAD9 0304-3894 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.02.016
    • Lin, Y. L., Chiang, P. C., and, Chang, E. E. (2006). " Reduction of disinfection by-products precursors by nanofiltration process." J. Hazard. Mater., 137 (1), 324-331. JHMAD9 0304-3894 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.02.016
    • (2006) J. Hazard. Mater. , vol.137 , Issue.1 , pp. 324-331
    • Lin, Y.L.1    Chiang, P.C.2    Chang, E.E.3
  • 25
    • 34250365422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Removal of small THMPs by nanofiltration membranes
    • JHMAD9 0304-3894 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.11.050
    • Lin, Y. L., Chiang, P. C., and, Chang, E. E. (2007). " Removal of small THMPs by nanofiltration membranes." J. Hazard. Mater., 146 (1-2), 20-29. JHMAD9 0304-3894 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.11.050
    • (2007) J. Hazard. Mater. , vol.146 , Issue.12 , pp. 20-29
    • Lin, Y.L.1    Chiang, P.C.2    Chang, E.E.3
  • 26
    • 0344267648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flux enhancement during dean vortex tubular membrane nanofiltration: 13 effects of concentration and solute type
    • JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/S0376-7388(98)00255-5
    • Mallubhotla, H., Schmidt, M., Lee, K. H., and, Belfort, G. (1999). " Flux enhancement during dean vortex tubular membrane nanofiltration: 13 effects of concentration and solute type." J. Membr. Sci. 153, 259-269. JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/S0376-7388(98)00255-5
    • (1999) J. Membr. Sci. , vol.153 , pp. 259-269
    • Mallubhotla, H.1    Schmidt, M.2    Lee, K.H.3    Belfort, G.4
  • 27
    • 12144287063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Removal of natural hormones by nanofiltration membranes: Measurement, modeling, and mechanics
    • ESTHAG 0013-936X 10.1021/es034952r
    • Nghiem, L. D., Schafer, A. I., and, Elimelech, M. (2004). " Removal of natural hormones by nanofiltration membranes: Measurement, modeling, and mechanics." Environ. Sci. Technol., 38 (6), 1888-1896. ESTHAG 0013-936X 10.1021/es034952r
    • (2004) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.38 , Issue.6 , pp. 1888-1896
    • Nghiem, L.D.1    Schafer, A.I.2    Elimelech, M.3
  • 28
    • 0018982255 scopus 로고
    • Reactions of chlorine with selected aromatic models of aquatic humic material
    • ESTHAG 0013-936X 10.1021/es60162a012
    • Norwood, D. L., Johnson, J. D., Christman, R. F., Hass, J. R., and, Bobenrieth, M. J. (1980). " Reactions of chlorine with selected aromatic models of aquatic humic material." Environ. Sci. Technol., 14 (2), 187-190. ESTHAG 0013-936X 10.1021/es60162a012
    • (1980) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 187-190
    • Norwood, D.L.1    Johnson, J.D.2    Christman, R.F.3    Hass, J.R.4    Bobenrieth, M.J.5
  • 29
    • 0033035272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Streaming potential measurements as a characterization method for nanofiltration membranes
    • CPEAEH 0927-7757 10.1016/S0927-7757(98)00828-0
    • Peeters, J. M. M., Mulder, M. H. V., and, Strathmann, H. (1999). " Streaming potential measurements as a characterization method for nanofiltration membranes." Colloids Surf. A, 150 (1-3), 247-259. CPEAEH 0927-7757 10.1016/S0927-7757(98)00828-0
    • (1999) Colloids Surf. A , vol.150 , Issue.13 , pp. 247-259
    • Peeters, J.M.M.1    Mulder, M.H.V.2    Strathmann, H.3
  • 30
    • 0033456128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Core level photoelectron spectroscopy for polymer and catalyst characterization
    • CSRVBR 0306-0012 10.1039/a807826b
    • Pijpers, A. P., and, Meier, R. J. (1999). " Core level photoelectron spectroscopy for polymer and catalyst characterization." Chem. Soc. Rev., 28 (4), 233-238. CSRVBR 0306-0012 10.1039/a807826b
    • (1999) Chem. Soc. Rev. , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 233-238
    • Pijpers, A.P.1    Meier, R.J.2
  • 31
    • 0025514174 scopus 로고
    • Chlorination of humic materials - By-product formation and chemical interpretations
    • ESTHAG 0013-936X 10.1021/es00081a005
    • Reckhow, D. A., Singer, P. C., and, Malcolm, R. L. (1990). " Chlorination of humic materials-By-product formation and chemical interpretations." Environ. Sci. Technol., 24 (11), 1655-1664. ESTHAG 0013-936X 10.1021/es00081a005
    • (1990) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.24 , Issue.11 , pp. 1655-1664
    • Reckhow, D.A.1    Singer, P.C.2    Malcolm, R.L.3
  • 32
    • 33845372829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probing the nano- and micro-scales of reverse osmosis membranes - A comprehensive characterization of physiochemical properties of uncoated and coated membranes by XPS, TEM, ATR-FTIR, and streaming potential measurements
    • JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/j.memsci.2006.10.038
    • Tang, C. Y., Kwon, Y. N., and, Leckie, J. O. (2007). " Probing the nano- and micro-scales of reverse osmosis membranes-A comprehensive characterization of physiochemical properties of uncoated and coated membranes by XPS, TEM, ATR-FTIR, and streaming potential measurements." J. Membr. Sci., 287 (1), 146-156. JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/j.memsci.2006.10.038
    • (2007) J. Membr. Sci. , vol.287 , Issue.1 , pp. 146-156
    • Tang, C.Y.1    Kwon, Y.N.2    Leckie, J.O.3
  • 33
    • 34248584004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological, chemical surfaceand electrical characterizations of lignosulfonate-modified membranes
    • JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/j.memsci.2007.03.030
    • Torras, C., Zhang, X., García-Valls, R., and, Benavente, J. (2007). " Morphological, chemical surfaceand electrical characterizations of lignosulfonate-modified membranes." J. Membr. Sci., 297 (1-2), 130-140. JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/j.memsci.2007.03.030
    • (2007) J. Membr. Sci. , vol.297 , Issue.12 , pp. 130-140
    • Torras, C.1    Zhang, X.2    García-Valls, R.3    Benavente, J.4
  • 35
    • 0030889693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Force titrations and ionization state sensitive imaging of functional groups in aqueous solutions by chemical force microscopy
    • JACSAT 0002-7863 10.1021/ja963375m
    • Vezenov, D. V., Noy, A., Rozsnyau, L. F., and, Lieber, C. M. (1997). " Force titrations and ionization state sensitive imaging of functional groups in aqueous solutions by chemical force microscopy." J. Am. Chem. Soc., 119 (8), 2006-2015. JACSAT 0002-7863 10.1021/ja963375m
    • (1997) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.119 , Issue.8 , pp. 2006-2015
    • Vezenov, D.V.1    Noy, A.2    Rozsnyau, L.F.3    Lieber, C.M.4
  • 36
    • 0035973414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of membrane surface properties on initial rate of colloidal fouling of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes
    • JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00376-3
    • Vrijenhoek, E. M., Hong, S., and, Elimelech, M. (2001). " Influence of membrane surface properties on initial rate of colloidal fouling of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes." J. Membr. Sci., 188 (1), 115-128. JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00376-3
    • (2001) J. Membr. Sci. , vol.188 , Issue.1 , pp. 115-128
    • Vrijenhoek, E.M.1    Hong, S.2    Elimelech, M.3
  • 37
    • 0033502219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separation of organic pollutants by reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes: Mathematical models and experimental verification
    • IECRED 0888-5885 10.1021/ie990140l
    • Williams, M. E., Hestekin, J. A., Smothers, C. N., and, Bhattacharyya, D. (1999). " Separation of organic pollutants by reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes: Mathematical models and experimental verification." Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 38 (10), 3683-3695. IECRED 0888-5885 10.1021/ie990140l
    • (1999) Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , vol.38 , Issue.10 , pp. 3683-3695
    • Williams, M.E.1    Hestekin, J.A.2    Smothers, C.N.3    Bhattacharyya, D.4
  • 38
    • 84872548999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • XPSPeak [Computer software].
    • XPSPeak [Computer software].
  • 39
    • 0032938868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the solute separation by charged nanofiltration membrane: Effect of pH, ionic strength and solute type
    • JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/S0376-7388(99)00005-8
    • Xu, Y. Z., and, Lebrun, R. E. (1999). " Investigation of the solute separation by charged nanofiltration membrane: Effect of pH, ionic strength and solute type." J. Membr. Sci., 158 (1-2), 93-104. JMESDO 0376-7388 10.1016/S0376-7388(99)00005-8
    • (1999) J. Membr. Sci. , vol.158 , Issue.12 , pp. 93-104
    • Xu, Y.Z.1    Lebrun, R.E.2
  • 40
    • 0031470095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colloidal fouling of reverse osmosis membranes: Measurements and fouling mechanisms
    • ESTHAG 0013-936X 10.1021/es970400v
    • Zhu, X., and, Elimelech, M. (1997). " Colloidal fouling of reverse osmosis membranes: Measurements and fouling mechanisms." Environ. Sci. Technol., 31 (12), 3654-3662. ESTHAG 0013-936X 10.1021/es970400v
    • (1997) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.31 , Issue.12 , pp. 3654-3662
    • Zhu, X.1    Elimelech, M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.