A study of the intestinal carriage of antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Nigerian children

African Health Sciences

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 381-388

  Akinkunmi, Ezekiel Olugbenga ^a   Lamikanra, A ^a  

^a OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY   (Nigeria)

Author keywords

Antibiotic resistance; Children; Faecal carriage; Nigeria; Oxacillin resistance; S. aureus

Indexed keywords

AMIKACIN; CHLORAMPHENICOL; CIPROFLOXACIN; CLINDAMYCIN; COTRIMOXAZOLE; ERYTHROMYCIN; FUSIDIC ACID; GENTAMICIN; OXACILLIN; PENICILLIN V; TETRACYCLINE; TOBRAMYCIN; TRIMETHOPRIM;

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL COLONIZATION; BACTERIAL INTESTINAL CARRIAGE; BACTERIUM CARRIER; BACTERIUM IDENTIFICATION; BACTERIUM ISOLATION; CHILD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIARRHEA; ETHNIC GROUP; FECES ANALYSIS; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INFANT; METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS INFECTION; METHICILLIN SUSCEPTIBLE STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; NEWBORN; NIGERIAN; NONHUMAN; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PREVALENCE;

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; CHILDREN; FAECAL CARRIAGE; NIGERIA; OXACILLIN RESISTANCE; S. AUREUS;

AFRICAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; CARRIER STATE; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DNA, BACTERIAL; DRUG RESISTANCE, BACTERIAL; FECES; FEMALE; GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; GENOTYPE; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; NIGERIA; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS;

EID: 84872479479     PISSN: 16806905     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v12i3.21     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Lowy FD. Staphylococcus aureus infections. N. Engl. J. Med. 1998; 339:520-532.
2. Huang YC, Su LH, Chen CJ, Lin TY. Nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in school children without identifiable risk factors in northern Taiwan. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2005; 24:276-278.
3. Tannock GW. Analysis of the intestinal microflora using molecular methods. Eur J Clin Nutr 2002;56(Suppl.4): 544-549.
4. Dethlefsen L, Eckburg PB, Bik EM, Relman DA. Assembly of the human intestinal Microbiota. TRENDS in Ecology and Evolution. 2006;21(9): 517-523.
5. Boyce JM, Havill NL, Otter JA, Adams NM. Widespread environmental contamination associated with patients with diarrhea and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization of the gastrointestinal tract. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2007; 28:1142-1147.
6. Daniel WW. Biostatistics: A Foundation for Analysis in the Health Sciences. 7th edition. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1999.
7. Naing L, Winn T, Rusli BN. Practical Issues in Calculating the Sample Size for Prevalence Studies. Archives of Orofacial Sciences 2006;1: 9-14.
8. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; 16th informational supplement. M100-S16. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, Pa. 2006.
9. Felten A, Grandry B, Lagrange PH, Casin I. Evaluation of Three Techniques for Detection of Low-Level Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): a Disk Diffusion Method with Cefoxitin and Moxalactam, the Vitek 2 System, and the MRSA-Screen Latex Agglutination Test. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2002; 40:2766-2771.
10. Akinkunmi EO, Lamikanra A. Species distribution and antibiotic resistance in coagulase negative staphylococci colonizing the gastrointestinal tract of children in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2010; 9(1):35-43.
11. Strommenger B, Kettliz C, Werner G et al. Multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of nine clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41(9):4089-94.
12. Zetterstrom R, Bennet R, Nord KE. Early infant feeding and microecology of the gut. Acta Pediatrica Japonica 1994;36: 562-571.
13. Adlerberth I, Hansson LÅ, Wold AE. The ontogeny of the intestinal flora, p. 279-292. In I. R. Sanderson, W. A. Walker (ed.), Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract. BC Decker, Hamilton, 1999.
14. Adlerberth I, Lindberg E, Åberg N, Hesselmar B, Saalman R, Strannegård I. et al. Reduced enterobacterial and Increased Staphylococcal Colonization of the Infantile Bowel: An Effect of Hygienic Lifestyle? Pediatric Research 2006; 59(1):96-100.
15. Meurman, O., Routamaa, M., and Peltonen, R. (2005): Screening for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: which anatomical sites to culture. J Hosp Infect 61: 351-353.
16. Mody, L., Kauffman, C. A., Donabedian, S., Zervos, M., and Bradley, S. F. (2008): Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus colonization in nursing home residents. Clin Infect Dis 46: 1368-1373.
17. Rimland D, Roberson BE. Gastrointestinal carriage of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol. 1986; 24:137-138.
18. Williams RE. Healthy carriage of Staphylococcus aureus: its prevalence and importance. Bacteriol. Rev. 1963; 27:56-71.
19. Lindberg E, Adlerberth I, Wold AE. Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus colonising the intestines of Swedish infants. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 2004; 10:890-894.
20. Acton DS, Tempelmans Plat-Sinnige MJ, van Wamel W, de Groot N, van Belkum A. Intestinal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus: how does its frequency compare with that of nasal carriage and what is its clinical impact? Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2008; DOI 10.1007/s10096-008-0602-7.
21. Domínguez E, Zarazaga M, Torres C. Antibiotic Resistance in Staphylococcus Isolates Obtained from Faecal Samples of Healthy Children. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2002; 40:2638-2641.
22. Ako-nai KA, Torimiro SEA, Lamikanra A, Ogunniyi AD. A survey of nasal carriage of S. aureus in a neonatal ward in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Annals of Tropical Paediatrics 1991; 11:41-45.
23. Meisel-Mikoajczyk F, Rafaowska K, Kdzielska J, Balcerzak A, Szczsny A, Broæ M. et al. Preliminary studies of infant fecal flora. Med Sci Monit. 1997; 3(6):789-794.
24. Gustafsson EB, Ringberg H, Johansson PJ. MRSA in children from foreign countries adopted to Swedish families. Acta Paediatr. 2007; 96:105-108.
25. Blanc DS, Petignat C, Wenger A, Kuhn G, Vallet Y, Fracheboud D. et al. Changing Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Small Geographic Area over an Eight-Year Period. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2007; 45(11):3729-3736.