Concurrent use of diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blockers with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of acute kidney injury: Nested case-control study

BMJ (Online)

Volumn 346, Issue 7890, 2013, Pages

  Lapi, Francesco ^a,b,c   Azoulay, Laurent ^a,b   Yin, Hui ^a   Nessim, Sharon J ^d   Suissa, Samy ^a,b  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE   (Italy)

^d MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACECLOFENAC; ACEMETACIN; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ALPHA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CLOPIDOGREL; CORTICOSTEROID; DICLOFENAC; DIGOXIN; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; ETODOLAC; FENBUFEN; FENOPROFEN; FLURBIPROFEN; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; IBUPROFEN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; INDOMETACIN; KETOPROFEN; MEFENAMIC ACID; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PARACETAMOL; TIAPROFENIC ACID; UNINDEXED DRUG;

ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CLINICAL PRACTICE; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DRUG HALF LIFE; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; UNITED KINGDOM;

ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; DIURETICS; DRUG INTERACTIONS; DRUG MONITORING; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; MALE; PHARMACOVIGILANCE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK ASSESSMENT; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 84872295339     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17561833     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.e8525     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. World Health Organization (Europe). Databases. www.euro.who.int/en/what- we-do/data-and-evidence/databases.
2. Lo LJ, Go AS, Chertow GM, McCulloch CE, Fan D, Ordonez JD, et al. Dialysis-requiring acute renal failure increases the risk of progressive chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2009;76:893-9.
3. Hsu CY, McCulloch CE, Fan D, Ordonez JD, Chertow GM, Go AS. Community-based incidence of acute renal failure. Kidney Int 2007;72:208-12. (Pubitemid 47067390)
4. Hsu CY, Chertow GM, McCulloch CE, Fan D, Ordonez JD, Go AS. Nonrecovery of kidney function and death after acute on chronic renal failure. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;4:891-8.
5. Liangos O, Wald R, O'Bell JW, Price L, Pereira BJ, Jaber BL. Epidemiology and outcomes of acute renal failure in hospitalized patients: a national survey. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;1:43-51.
6. Kellum JA, Angus DC. Patients are dying of acute renal failure. Crit Care Med 2002;30:2156-7.
7. Schetz M, Dasta J, Goldstein S, Golper T. Drug-induced acute kidney injury. Curr Opin Crit Care 2005;11:555-65. (Pubitemid 41697327)
8. Wu TY, Jen MH, Bottle A, Molokhia M, Aylin P, Bell D, et al. Ten-year trends in hospital admissions for adverse drug reactions in England 1999-2009. J R Soc Med 2010;103:239-50.
9. Smets HL, De Haes JF, De Swaef A, Jorens PG, Verpooten GA. Exposure of the elderly to potential nephrotoxic drug combinations in Belgium. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2008;17:1014-9.
10. Knauf H, Bailey MA, Hasenfuss G, Mutschler E. The influence of cardiovascular and antiinflammatory drugs on thiazide-induced hemodynamic and saluretic effects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2006;62:885-92. (Pubitemid 44657621)
11. Thurman JM, Parikh CR. Peeking into the black box: new biomarkers for acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 2008;73:379-81. (Pubitemid 351186297)
12. Ishiguro C, Fujita T, Omori T, Fujii Y, Mayama T, Sato T. Assessing the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on antihypertensive drug therapy using post-marketing surveillance database. J Epidemiol 2008;18:119-24.
13. Hernandez-Diaz S, Garcia-Rodriguez LA. Epidemiologic assessment of the safety of conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Am J Med 2001;110(suppl 3A):20-7S.
14. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL Jr, et al. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2003;42:1206-52. (Pubitemid 37553153)
15. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL Jr, et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA 2003;289:2560-72. (Pubitemid 37430158)
16. Mancia G, Laurent S, Agabiti-Rosei E, Ambrosioni E, Burnier M, Caulfield MJ, et al. Reappraisal of European guidelines on hypertension management: a European Society of Hypertension Task Force document. Blood Press 2009;18:308-47.
17. Loboz KK, Shenfield GM. Drug combinations and impaired renal function - the 'triple whammy'. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2005;59:239-43. (Pubitemid 40208862)
18. Mathew TH. Drug-induced renal disease. Med J Aust 1992;156:724-8.
19. Thomas MC. Diuretics, ACE inhibitors and NSAIDs - the triple whammy. Med J Aust 2000;172:184-5. (Pubitemid 30131315)
20. Baraldi A, Ballestri M, Rapana R, Lucchi L, Borella P, Leonelli M, et al. Acute renal failure of medical type in an elderly population. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998;13(suppl 7):25-9. (Pubitemid 28534769)
21. Greger R. Physiology of renal sodium transport. Am J Med Sci 2000;319:51-62. (Pubitemid 30367874)
22. Kellum J, Leblanc M, Venkataraman R. Acute renal failure. Am Fam Physician 2007;76:418-22.
23. Garcia Rodriguez LA, Perez Gutthann S. Use of the UK General Practice Research Database for pharmacoepidemiology. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998;45:419-25. (Pubitemid 28227341)
24. Herrett E, Thomas SL, Schoonen WM, Smeeth L, Hall AJ. Validation and validity of diagnoses in the General Practice Research Database: a systematic review. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2010;69:4-14.
25. Khan NF, Harrison SE, Rose PW. Validity of diagnostic coding within the General Practice Research Database: a systematic review. Br J Gen Pract 2010;60:e128-36.
26. Vlasschaert ME, Bejaimal SA, Hackam DG, Quinn R, Cuerden MS, Oliver MJ, et al. Validity of administrative database coding for kidney disease: a systematic review. Am J Kidney Dis 2011;57:29-43.
27. Waikar SS, Wald R, Chertow GM, Curhan GC, Winkelmayer WC, Liangos O, et al. Validity of international classification of diseases, ninth revision, clinical modification codes for acute renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;17:1688-94. (Pubitemid 43794671)
28. Mazzaglia G, Ambrosioni E, Alacqua M, Filippi A, Sessa E, Immordino V, et al. Adherence to antihypertensive medications and cardiovascular morbidity among newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. Circulation 2009;120:1598-605.
29. Huerta C, Castellsague J, Varas-Lorenzo C, Garcia Rodriguez LA. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of ARF in the general population. Am J Kidney Dis 2005;45:531-9. (Pubitemid 40341332)
30. Lafrance JP, Miller DR. Selective and non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of acute kidney injury. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2009;18:923-31.
31. Taber SS, Pasko DA. The epidemiology of drug-induced disorders: the kidney. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2008;7:679-90.
32. Breslow NE. Statistics in epidemiology: the case-control study. J Am Stat Assoc 1996;91:14-28. (Pubitemid 126353363)
33. Salas M, Hofman A, Stricker BH. Confounding by indication: an example of variation in the use of epidemiologic terminology. Am J Epidemiol 1999;149:981-3. (Pubitemid 29246861)
34. NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care. QOF 2009-10 data tables. 2012. www.ic.nhs.uk/statistics-and-data-collections/supporting- information/audits-andperformance/the-quality-and-outcomes-framework/ qof-2009-10/data-tables.
35. Kerr M, Bray B, Medcalf J, O'Donoghue DJ, Matthews B. Estimating the financial cost of chronic kidney disease to the NHS in England. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012;27(suppl 3):iii73-80.
36. Remuzzi G, Schieppati A, Ruggenenti P. Clinical practice: nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2002;346:1145-51. (Pubitemid 34984606)
37. Girman CJ, Kou TD, Brodovicz K, Alexander CM, O'Neill EA, Engel S, et al. Risk of acute renal failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 2012;29:614-21.
38. Suissa S. Immeasurable time bias in observational studies of drug effects on mortality. Am J Epidemiol 2008;168:329-35. (Pubitemid 352019783)
39. Ray WA. Evaluating medication effects outside of clinical trials: new-user designs. Am J Epidemiol 2003;158:915-20. (Pubitemid 37323253)
40. Adhiyaman V, Asghar M, Oke A, White AD, Shah IU. Nephrotoxicity in the elderly due to co-prescription of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J R Soc Med 2001;94:512-4. (Pubitemid 32959938)
41. Han L, Kim N, Brandt C, Allore HG. Antidepressant use and cognitive deficits in older men: addressing confounding by indications with different methods. Ann Epidemiol 2012;22:9-16.
42. Psaty BM, Siscovick DS. Minimizing bias due to confounding by indication in comparative effectiveness research: the importance of restriction. JAMA 2010;304:897-8.
43. Quartey G, Feudjo-Tepie M, Wang J, Kim J. Opportunities for minimization of confounding in observational research. Pharm Stat 2011;10:539-47.
44. Knol MJ, VanderWeele TJ, Groenwold RH, Klungel OH, Rovers MM, Grobbee DE. Estimating measures of interaction on an additive scale for preventive exposures. Eur J Epidemiol 2011;26:433-8.
45. Suissa S, Garbe E. Primer: administrative health databases in observational studies of drug effects - advantages and disadvantages. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2007;3:725-32. (Pubitemid 350187018)
46. Perez Gutthann S, Garcia Rodriguez LA, Raiford DS, Duque Oliart A, Ris Romeu J. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of hospitalisation for acute renal failure. Arch Intern Med 1996;156:2433-9. (Pubitemid 26391472)
47. Schneider V, Levesque LE, Zhang B, Hutchinson T, Brophy JM. Association of selective and conventional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs with acute renal failure: a population-based, nested case-control analysis. Am J Epidemiol 2006;164:881-9. (Pubitemid 44627273)
48. Feenstra H, Grobbee RE, in't Veld BA, Stricker BH. Confounding by contraindication in a nationwide cohort study of risk for death in patients taking ibopamine. Ann Intern Med 2001;134:569-72. (Pubitemid 32245318)
49. Morabito S, Pistolesi V, Benedetti G, Di Roma A, Colantonio R, Mancone M, et al. Incidence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury associated with diagnostic or interventional coronary angiography. J Nephrol 2012:25:1098-107.
50. Yood MU, Campbell UB, Rothman KJ, Jick SS, Lang J, Wells KE, et al. Using prescription claims data for drugs available over-the-counter (OTC). Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2007;16:961-8. (Pubitemid 47422844)
51. Nash K, Hafeez A, Hou S. Hospital-acquired renal insufficiency. Am J Kidney Dis 2002;39:930-6. (Pubitemid 34454211)
52. Shusterman N, Strom BL, Murray TG, Morrison G, West SL, Maislin G. Risk factors and outcome of hospital-acquired acute renal failure: clinical epidemiologic study. Am J Med 1987;83:65-71. (Pubitemid 18099028)
53. Olsen MH, Mallion JM, Rahn KH, Erdine S, Viigimaa M, Laurent S, et al. Agreement within Europe about antihypertensive treatment and education - results from the European Society of Hypertension questionnaire. J Hypertens 2010;28:1593-4.
54. Gislason GH, Rasmussen JN, Abildstrom SZ, Schramm TK, Hansen ML, Buch P, et al. Persistent use of evidence-based pharmacotherapy in heart failure is associated with improved outcomes. Circulation 2007;116:737-44. (Pubitemid 47255991)
55. LaMarr B, Valdez C, Driscoll K, Ryan M. Influence of pharmacist intervention on prescribing of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II-receptor blockers, and aspirin for diabetic patients. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2010;67:290-4.
56. LaCivita C, Funkhouser E, Miller MJ, Ray MN, Saag KG, Kiefe CI, et al. Patient-reported communications with pharmacy staff at community pharmacies: the Alabama NSAID Patient Safety Study, 2005-2007. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2009;49:e110-7.