Physical activity, fitness and the metabolic syndrome in rural youths from Mozambique

Annals of Human Biology

Volumn 40, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 15-22

  Dos Santos, Fernanda Karina ^a,b   Gomes, Thayse Natacha Queiroz Ferreira ^a   Damasceno, Albertino ^c   Prista, António ^d   Eisenmann, Joey ^e   Maia, José António Ribeiro ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PORTO   (Portugal)

^b MINISTRY OF EDUCATION OF BRAZIL   (Brazil)

^c EDUARDO MONDLANE UNIVERSITY   (Mozambique)

^d Universidade Pedagógica   (Mozambique)

^e Division of Sports and Cardiovascular Nutrition   (United States)

Author keywords

Active lifestyle; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Metabolic risk

Indexed keywords

TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADOLESCENCE; BODY MASS; CARBOHYDRATE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CHILD HEALTH; FAT; FITNESS; METABOLISM; RURAL AREA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD; BLOOD PRESSURE; BODY COMPOSITION; BODY HEIGHT; BODY MASS; BODY WEIGHT; CHILD; FEMALE; FITNESS; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; LIFESTYLE; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MOTOR ACTIVITY; MOZAMBIQUE; OBESITY; PHYSIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTOR; RURAL POPULATION;

ADOLESCENT; BLOOD GLUCOSE; BLOOD PRESSURE; BODY COMPOSITION; BODY HEIGHT; BODY MASS INDEX; BODY WEIGHT; CHILD; FEMALE; HUMANS; LIFE STYLE; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MOTOR ACTIVITY; MOZAMBIQUE; OBESITY; PHYSICAL FITNESS; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; RURAL POPULATION; TRIGLYCERIDES; YOUNG ADULT;

MOZAMBIQUE;

EID: 84872173613     PISSN: 03014460     EISSN: 14645033     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2012.720708     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Agyemang C, Redekop WK, Owusu-Dabo E, Bruijnzeels MA. 2005. Blood pressure patterns in rural, semi-urban and urban children in the Ashanti region of Ghana,West Africa. BMC Public Health 5:114.
2. Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J. 2006. Metabolic syndrome-a new world-wide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Diabet Med 23:469-480.
3. Anderssen SA, Cooper AR, Riddoch C, Sardinha LB, Harro M, Brage S, Andersen LB. 2007. Low cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong predictor for clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children independent of country, age and sex. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 14:526-531. (Pubitemid 47229734)
4. Benefice E, Garnier D, Ndiaye G. 2001a. Assessment of physical activity among rural Senegalese adolescent girls: influence of age, sexual maturation, and body composition. J Adolesc Health 28:319-327. (Pubitemid 32238200)
5. Benefice E, Garnier D, Ndiaye G. 2001b. High levels of habitual physical activity in west African adolescent girls and relationship to maturation, growth, and nutritional status: results from a 3-year prospective study. Am J Hum Biol 13:808-820. (Pubitemid 33085732)
6. Benefice E, Ndiaye G. 2005. Relationships between anthropometry, cardiorespiratory fitness indices and physical activity levels in different age and sex groups in rural Senegal (West Africa). Ann Hum Biol 32:366-382. (Pubitemid 40995691)
7. Braga-Tavares H, Fonseca H. 2010. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a Portuguese obese adolescent population according to three different definitions. Eur J Pediatr 169:935-940.
8. Brage S, Wedderkopp N, Ekelund U, Franks PW, Wareham NJ, Andersen LB, Froberg K. 2004. Features of the metabolic syndrome are associated with objectively measured physical activity and fitness in Danish children: the European Youth Heart Study (EYHS). Diabetes Care 27:2141-2148. (Pubitemid 39167176)
9. Butte NF, Puyau MR, Adolph AL, Vohra FA, Zakeri I. 2007. Physical activity in nonoverweight and overweight Hispanic children and adolescents. Med Sci Sports Exerc 39:1257-1266. (Pubitemid 47344007)
10. Casazza K, Dulin-Keita A, Gower BA, Fernandez Jr. 2009. Differential influence of diet and physical activity on components of metabolic syndrome in a multiethnic sample of children. J Am Diet Assoc 109: 236-244.
11. Castro-Pinero J, Artero EG, Espana-Romero V, Ortega FB, Sjostrom M, Suni J, Ruiz Jr. 2010. Criterion-related validity of field-based fitness tests in youth: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med 44:934-943.
12. Chiolero A, Madeleine G, Gabriel A, Burnier M, Paccaud F, Bovet P. 2007. Prevalence of elevated blood pressure and association with overweight in children of a rapidly developing country. J Hum Hypertens 21:120-127.
13. Chiolero A, Paradis G, Madeleine G, Hanley JA, Paccaud F, Bovet P. 2009. Discordant secular trends in elevated blood pressure and obesity in children and adolescents in a rapidly developing country. Circulation 119:558-565.
14. Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. 2000. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ 320:1240-1243. (Pubitemid 30240471)
15. Cook S. 2004. The metabolic syndrome: antecedent of adult cardiovascular disease in pediatrics. J Pediatr 145:427-430. (Pubitemid 39345972)
16. Cook S, Weitzman M, Auinger P, Nguyen M, Dietz WH. 2003. Prevalence of a metabolic syndrome phenotype in adolescents: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 157:821-827. (Pubitemid 36988016)
17. Cooper R, Rotimi C. 1997. Hypertension in blacks. Am J Hypertens 10: 804-812. (Pubitemid 27313828)
18. Cureton KJ, Sloniger MA, O'Bannon JP, Black DM, McCormack WP. 1995. A generalized equation for prediction of VO2peak from 1-mile run/walk performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 27:445-451.
19. Custodio E, Descalzo MA, Roche J, Molina L, Sanchez I, Lwanga M, Torres AM, Fernandez-Zincke E, Bernis C, Villamor E, et al. 2010. The economic and nutrition transition in Equatorial Guinea coincided with a double burden of over- and under nutrition. Econ Hum Biol 8:80-87.
20. Damasceno A, Azevedo A, Silva-Matos C, Prista A, Diogo D, Lunet N. 2009. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in Mozambique: urban/rural gap during epidemiological transition. Hypertension 54:77-83.
21. Dapi LN, Nouedoui C, Janlert U, Ha°glin L. 2005. Adolescents' food habits and nutritional status in urban and rural areas in Cameroon, Africa'. Scand J Nutr/Naringsforskning 49:151-158. (Pubitemid 41770071)
22. Eisenmann JC, Katzmarzyk PT, Perusse L, Tremblay A, Despres JP, Bouchard C. 2005. Aerobic fitness, body mass index, and CVD risk factors among adolescents: the Quebec family study. Int J Obes (Lond) 29:1077-1083. (Pubitemid 41192215)
23. Eisenmann JC, Welk GJ, Ihmels M, Dollman J. 2007a. Fatness, fitness, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in children and adolescents. Med Sci Sports Exerc 39:1251-1256. (Pubitemid 47344006)
24. Eisenmann JC, Welk GJ, Wickel EE, Blair SN. 2004. Stability of variables associated with the metabolic syndrome from adolescence to adulthood: the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Am J Hum Biol 16:690-696. (Pubitemid 39517316)
25. Eisenmann JC, Welk GJ, Wickel EE, Blair SN. 2007b. Combined influence of cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index on cardiovascular disease risk factors among 8-18 year old youth: The Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Int J Pediatr Obes 2:66-72. (Pubitemid 46930346)
26. Ejike CE, Ugwu CE, Ezeanyika LU, Olayemi AT. 2008. Blood pressure patterns in relation to geographic area of residence: a cross-sectional study of adolescents in Kogi state, Nigeria. BMC Public Health 8: 411.
27. Huang TT, Ball GD, Franks PW. 2007. Metabolic syndrome in youth: current issues and challenges. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 32:13-22.
28. INE. 1997. Recenseamento geral da populaça?o. Maputo: Instituto Nacional de Estatística.
29. Janssen I, Cramp WC. 2007. Cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly related to the metabolic syndrome in adolescents. Diabetes Care 30: 2143-2144. (Pubitemid 47219438)
30. Kelishadi R, Razaghi EM, Gouya MM, Ardalan G, Gheiratmand R, Delavari A, Motaghian M, Ziaee V, Siadat ZD, Majdzadeh R, Heshmat R, Barekati H, Arabi MS, Heidarzadeh A, Shariatinejad K. 2007. Association of physical activity and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: CASPIAN Study. Horm Res 67:46-52.
31. Kimani-Murage EW, Kahn K, Pettifor JM, Tollman SM, Dunger DB, Gó mez-Olivé XF, Norris SA. 2010. The prevalence of stunting, overweight and obesity, and metabolic disease risk in rural South African children. BMC Public Health 10:158.
32. Kitange HM, Swai AB, Masuki G, Kilima PM, Alberti KG,McLarty DG. 1993. Coronary heart disease risk factors in sub-Saharan Africa: studies in Tanzanian adolescents. J Epidemiol Community Health 47:303-307. (Pubitemid 23256206)
33. Lohman TG, Roche AF, Martorell R. 1988. Anthropometric standardization reference manual. Champaign, IL: Human Kinecstics Books
34. Longo-Mbenza B, Lukoki Luila E, M'Buyamba-Kabangu Jr. 2007. Nutritional status, socio-economic status, heart rate, and blood pressure in African school children and adolescents. Int J Cardiol 121:171-177. (Pubitemid 47385833)
35. Makgae PJ, Monyeki KD, Brits SJ, Kemper HC, Mashita J. 2007. Somatotype and blood pressure of rural South African children aged 6-13 years: Ellisras longitudinal growth and health study. Ann Hum Biol 34:240-251. (Pubitemid 46895935)
36. Malina RM, Little BB. 2008. Physical activity: the present in the context of the past. Am J Hum Biol 20:373-391.
37. Mamabolo RL, Kruger HS, Lennox A, Monyeki MA, Pienaar AE, Underhay C, Czlapka-Matyasik M. 2007. Habitual physical activity and body composition of black township adolescents residing in the North West Province, South Africa. Public Health Nutr 10: 1047-1056. (Pubitemid 47367585)
38. McMurray RG, Bangdiwala SI, Harrell JS, Amorim LD. 2008. Adolescents with metabolic syndrome have a history of low aerobic fitness and physical activity levels. Dyn Med 7:5.
39. Monyeki KD, Kemper HC, Makgae PJ. 2006. The association of fat patterning with blood pressure in rural South African children: the Ellisras Longitudinal Growth and Health Study. Int J Epidemiol 35: 114-120. (Pubitemid 43205457)
40. Monyeki KD, Kemper HC, Makgae PJ. 2008. Relationship between fat patterns, physical fitness and blood pressure of rural South African children: Ellisras Longitudinal Growth and Health Study. J Hum Hypertens 22:311-319. (Pubitemid 351566817)
41. Moraes AC, Fulaz CS, Netto-Oliveira ER, Reichert FF. 2009. Prevalência de síndrome metabó lica em adolescentes: uma revisa?o sistemática. Cad Saude Publica 25:1195-1202.
42. Nhantumbo L, Maia J, Saranga S, Fermino R, Prista A. 2007. Efeitos da idade, do sexo e da área geográfica no crescimento somá tico e aptida?o física nas crianças e jovens rurais de Calanga, Moçambique. Rev Bras Educ Fís Esp 21:271-289.
43. Nhantumbo L, Maia J, Saranga S, Prista A. 2008. Atividade física em crianças e jovens residentes em uma comunidade rural moçambicana: efeitos da idade, sexo e estado nutricional. Pan Am J Health Org 23:171-178.
44. Nhantumbo L, Prista A, Saranga S, Seabra A, Jú nior AL, Maia JAR. 2007. Avaliaça?o antropométrica do estado nutricional e aspectos fragmentados da realidade contextual africana: uma revisa?o da literatura. Rev Bras Cineantropom Desempenho Hum 9:311-319.
45. Ntandou G, Delisle H, Agueh V, Fayomi B. 2008. Physical activity and socioeconomic status explain rural-urban differences in obesity: a cross-sectional study in benin (West Africa). Ecol of Food Nutr 47: 313-337.
46. Otinwa GO. 2009. Prevalence of obesity and predisposition to metabolic syndrome among school-based adolescents in Botswana and Nigeria. The African Synposium 9:46-52.
47. Parks EJ. 2001. Effect of dietary carbohydrate on triglyceride metabolism in humans. J Nutr 131:2772S-2774S. (Pubitemid 32947808)
48. Prista A, Conn C, Ismael C, Nhantumbo L, Saranga S, Maia J, Beunen G. 2010. Do estado nutricional e alimentaça?o. Alimentaça?o e crescimento duma populaça?o rural em idade escolar. In: Prista A, Maia J, Nhantumbo L, Saranga S, editors. O desafio de Calanga - Do lugar e das pessoas a aventura da ciência. Porto: Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto. p 177-186.
49. Prista A, Marques AT, Maia J. 1997. Relationship between physical activity, socioeconomic status, and physical fitness of 8-15-year-old youth from Mozambique. Am J Hu Biol 9:449-457. (Pubitemid 127467398)
50. Prista A, Marques AT, Maia JA. 2000. Empirical validation of an instrument to measure habitual physical activity in youth from Maputo, Mozambique. Am J Hum Biol 12:437-446.
51. Prista A, Nhantumbo L, Saranga S, Lopes V, Maia J, Seabra A, Vinagre J, Conn CA, Beunen G. 2009. Physical activity assessed by accelerometry in rural African school-age children and adolescents. Pediatr Exerc Sci 21(4):384-399.
52. Reinehr T, de Sousa G, Toschke AM, Andler W. 2007. Comparison of metabolic syndrome prevalence using eight different definitions: a critical approach. Arch Dis Child 92:1067-1072. (Pubitemid 350221448)
53. Rowland T, Kline G, Goff D, Martel L, Ferrone L. 1999. One-mile run performance and cardiovascular fitness in children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 153:845-849. (Pubitemid 29362609)
54. Ruiz JR, Ortega FB, Rizzo NS, Villa I, Hurtig-Wennlof A, Oja L, Sjostrom M. 2007. High cardiovascular fitness is associated with low metabolic risk score in children: the European Youth Heart Study. Pediatr Res 61:350-355.
55. Safrit M. 1995. Complete guide to youth fitness testing. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
56. Saland JM. 2007. Update on the metabolic syndrome in children. Curr Opin Pediatr 19:183-191. (Pubitemid 46668071)
57. Saranga S, Nhantumbo L, Prista A, Rocha J, Maia J. 2007. Composiça?o corporal em populaço?es africanas: uma perspectiva epidemioló gica. Rev Port Saude Publica 25:85-99.
58. Saranga S, Prista A, Maia J. 2002. Mudança nos níveis de aptida?o física em funça?o de alteraço?es políticas e só cio-econó micas de 1992-1999.
59. In: Prista A, Maia J, Saranga S, Marques A, editors. Saú de, crescimento e desenvolvimento - um estudo epidemioló gico em crianças e jovens de Moçambique. Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto Location of Publisher: Porto p 71-87.
60. Shaibi GQ, Cruz ML, Ball GDC, Weigensberg MJ, Kobaissi HA, Salem GJ, Goran MI. 2005. Cardiovascular fitness and the metabolic syndrome in overweight Latino youths. Med Sci Sports Exerc 37: 922-928. (Pubitemid 40847452)
61. Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia 2005. I diretriz de prevença?o da aterosclerose na infância e na adolescência. Arq Bras Cardiol 85(Suppl VI):1-36.
62. Spence JC, Blanchard CM, Clark M, Plotnikoff RC, Storey KE, McCargar L. 2010. The role of self-efficacy in explaining gender differences in physical activity among adolescents: a multilevel analysis. J Phys Act Health 7:176-183.
63. Steele RM, Brage S, Corder K, Wareham NJ, Ekelund U. 2008. Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and the metabolic syndrome in youth. J Appl Physiol 105:342-351.
64. Sumner AE. 2009. Ethnic differences in triglyceride levels and highdensity lipoprotein lead to underdiagnosis of the metabolic syndrome in black children and adults. J Pediatr 155: S7.e7-S7.e11.
65. Sumner AE, Cowie CC. 2008. Ethnic differences in the ability of triglyceride levels to identify insulin resistance. Atherosclerosis 196: 696-703.
66. Suris JC, Parera N. 2005. Don't stop, don't stop: physical activity and adolescence. Int J Adolesc Med Health 17:67-78. (Pubitemid 40613749)
67. Tanner J, Whitehouse R. 1982. Atlas of children's growth: normal variation and growth disorders. New York: Academic Press.
68. Vilhjalmsson R, Kristjansdottir G. 2003. Gender differences in physical activity in older children and adolescents: the central role of organized sport. Soc Sci Med 56:363-374. (Pubitemid 35430348)
69. West CE, Sullivan DR, Katan MB, Halferkamps IL, van der Torre HW. 1990. Boys from populations with high-carbohydrate intake have higher fasting triglyceride levels than boys from populations with high-fat intake. Am J Epidemiol 131:271-282.