Environmental applications of excitation-emission spectrofluorimetry: An in-depth review II

Applied Spectroscopy Reviews

Volumn 48, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 77-141

  Andrade Eiroa, Áurea ^a   Canle, Moisés ^b   Cerdá, Víctor ^c  

^a CNRS   (France)

^b UNIVERSITY OF A CORUÑA   (Spain)

^c UNIVERSITAT DE LES ILLES BALEARS   (Spain)

Author keywords

Conventional spectrofluorimetry; Derivative conventional spectrofluorimetry; Luminescence; Review

Indexed keywords

CHROMOPHORIC DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER; ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS; EXTRA-CELLULAR POLYMERIC SUBSTANCES; FOG WATER; LEACHATES; MEMBRANE FOULANTS; PRE-TREATMENT; SPECTROFLUORIMETRY;

BIOREMEDIATION; BIOTECHNOLOGY; LUMINESCENCE; REVIEWS; SOILS;

WATER POLLUTION;

EID: 84872073952     PISSN: 05704928     EISSN: 1520569X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/05704928.2012.692105     Document Type: Article

References (224)

1. Rho, J.H. and Stuart, J.L. (1978) Automated three-dimensional plotter for fluorescence measurements. Anal. Chem., 50:620-625. (Pubitemid 8586693)
2. Jiji, R.D.,Cooper, G.A., and Booksh, K.S. (1999) Excitation-emission matrix fluorescence based determination of carbamate pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Anal. Chim. Acta, 397:61-72. (Pubitemid 29443924)
3. Pan, X., Liu, J., and Zhang D. (2010) Binding of phenanthrene to extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from aerobic activated sludge: A fluorescence study. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 80:103-106.
4. Zhang, H.M.,Wang, Y.Q., and Zhou, Q.H. (2010) Fluorimetric study of interaction of benzidine with trypsin. J. Lumin., 130:781-786.
5. Chen, G., Lin, C., Chen, L., and Yang, H. (2010) Effect of size-fractionation dissolved organic matter on the mobility of prometryne in soil. Chemosphere, 79: 1046- 1055.
6. Ding, Q., Wu, H. L., Xu, Y., Guo, L.J., Liu, K., Gao, H.M., and Yang, H. (2011) Impact of low molecular weight organic acids and dissolved organic matter on sorption and mobility of isoproturon in two soils. J. Hazard. Mater., 190:823-832.
7. Provenzano, M.R., de Oliveira, S.C., Santiago Silva, M.R., and Senesi, N. (2001) Assessment of maturity degree of composts from domestic solid wastes by fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. J. Agr. Food Chem., 49:5874-5879. (Pubitemid 34062548)
8. Tang, Z., Yu, G., Liu, D., Xu, D., and Shen, Q. (2011) Different analysis techniques for fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy to assess compost maturity. Chemosphere, 82:1202-1208.
9. Saadi, I., Borisover, M., Armon, R., and Laor, Y. (2006) Monitoring of effluent DOM biodegradation using fluorescence, UV and DOC measurements. Chemosphere, 63:530-539.
10. Gonsior, M., Peake, B.M., Cooper, W.T., Podgorski, D.C., D'Andrilli, J., Dittmar, T., and Cooper, W.J. (2011) Characterization of dissolved organic matter across the Subtropical Convergence off the South Island, New Zealand. Mar. Chem., 123:99-110.
11. Wu, Z., Zhu, X., andWang, Z. (2011) Temporal variations of membrane foulants in the process of using flat-sheet membrane for simultaneous thickening and digestion of waste activated sludge. Bioresource Technology, 102:6863-6869.
12. Zhu, X., Wang, Z., and Wu, Z. (2011) Characterization of membrane foulants in a full-scale membrane bioreactor for supermarket wastewater treatment. Process Biochem., 46:1001-1009.
13. He, Z.,Ohno, T.,Olk,D.C., andWu, F. (2010) Capillary electrophoresis profiles and fluorophore components of humic acids in Nebraska corn and Philippine rice soils. Geoderma, 156:143-151.
14. Otto, L. (1967) Investigations on optical properties and water-masses of the Southern North Sea. Neth. J. Sea Res., 3:532-551.
15. Hayase, K., and Shinozuka, N. (1995) Vertical distribution of fluorescent organic matter along with AOU and nutrients in the equatorial Central Pacific. Mar. Chem., 48:283-290.
16. Lombardi, A.T., and Jardim,W.F. (1999) Fluorescence spectroscopy of high performance liquid chromatography fractionated marine and terrestrial organic materials. Water Res., 33:512-520. (Pubitemid 28554664)
17. Wang, Z.G., Liu,W.Q., Li, H.B., et al (2006) Analysis of CDOM spatial distribution variations in Chaohu Lake and its sources by three dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix. Acta Scienctiae Cirumstantiae, 26 (2):275-279.
18. Huguet, A., Vacher, L., Saubusse, S., Etcheber, H., Abril, G., Relexans, S., Ibalot, F., and Parlanti, E. (2010) New insights into the size distribution of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in estuarine waters. Org. Geochem., 41:595-610.
19. Coble, P.G. (1996) Characterization ofmarine and terrestrialDOMin seawater using excitationemission matrix spectroscopy. Mar. Chem., 51:325-346.
20. Coble, P.G. (2007) Marine optical biogeochemistry: The chemistry of ocean color. Chem. Rev., 107 (2):402-418. (Pubitemid 46381027)
21. Guo, W., Yang, L., Hong, H., Stedmon, C.A., Wang, F., Xu, J., and Xie, Y. (2011) Assessing the dynamics of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in a subtropical estuary using parallel factor analysis. Mar. Chem., 124:125-133.
22. Stedmon, C.A., Markager, S., and Bro, R. (2003) Tracing dissolved organic matter in aquatic environments using a new approach to fluorescence spectroscopy. Mar. Chem., 82:239-254. (Pubitemid 37029444)
23. Holbrook, R.D., Yen, J.H., and Grizzard, T.J. (2006) Characterizing natural organic material from the Occoquan Watershed (Northern Virginia, U.S.) using fluorescence spectroscopy and PARAFAC. Sci. Total Environ., 361 (1-3):249-266. (Pubitemid 44275156)
24. Stedmon, C.A. and Markager, S. (2005) Resolving the variability in dissolved organic matter fluorescence in a temperate estuary and its catchment using PARAFAC analysis. Limnol. Oceanogr., 50 (2):686-697. (Pubitemid 40428493)
25. Stedmon, C.A. and Markager, S. (2005) Tracing the production and degradation of autochthonous fractions of dissolved organic matter by fluorescence analysis. Limnol. Oceanogr., 50:1415-1426. (Pubitemid 41356423)
26. Yamashita, Y., Jaffé, R., Maie, N., and Tanoue, E. (2008) Assessing the dynamics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in coastal environments by excitation emission matrix fluorescence and parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC). Limnol. Oceanogr., 53 (5): 1900- 1908.
27. Kowalczuk, P., Durako, M.J., Young, H., Kahn, A.E., Cooper, W.J., and Gonsior, M. (2009) Characterization of dissolved organic matter fluorescence in the South Atlantic Bight with use of PARAFAC model: Interannual variability. Mar. Chem., 113:182-196.
28. Fellman, J.B., Spencer, R.G.M., Hernes, P.J., Edwards, R.T., D'Amore, D.V., and Hood, E. (2010) The impact of glacier runoff on the biodegradability and biochemical composition of terrigenous dissolved organic matter in near-shore marine ecosystems. Mar. Chem., 121:112-122.
29. Yu, G.H., He, P.J., and Shao, L.M. (2010) Novel insights into sludge dewaterability by fluorescence excitation-emission matrix combined with parallel factor analysis. Water Res., 44:797-806.
30. Hambly, A.C., Henderson, R.K., Baker, A., Stuetz, R.M., and Khan, S.J. (2010) Fluorescence monitoring for cross-connection detection inwater reuse systems:Australian case studies.Water Sci. Tech., 61 (1):155-162.
31. Hambly, A.C., Henderson, R.K., Storey, M.V., Baker, A., Stuetz, R.M., and Khan, S.J. (2010) Fluorescence monitoring at a recycled water treatment plant and associated dual distribution system - Implications for cross-connection detection. Water. Res., 44 (18):5323-5333.
32. Peiris, R.H., Hallé, C., Budman, H., Moresoli, C., Peldszus, S., Huck, P.M., and Legge, R.L. (2010) Identifying fouling events in a membrane-based drinking water treatment process using principal component analysis of fluorescence excitation-emission matrices. Water Res., 44:185-194.
33. Coble, P.G.,Green, S.A., Blough, N.V., and Gagosian, R.B. (1990) Characterization of dissolved organic matter in the Black Sea by fluorescence spectroscopy. Nature, 348:432-435. (Pubitemid 120015080)
34. Senesi, N., Miano, T.M., Provenzano, M.R., and Brunetti, G. (1991) Characterization, differentiation and classification of humic substances by fluorescence spectroscopy. Soil Sci., 152:259-271.
35. Mobed, J.J., Hemmingsen, S.L., Autry, J.L., and McGown, L.B. (1996) Fluorescence characterization of IHSS humic substances: Total luminescence spectra with absorbance correction. Environ. Sci. Tech., 30:3061-3065. (Pubitemid 26332664)
36. Swietlik, J. and Sikorska, E. (2004) Application of fluorescence spectroscopy in the studies of natural organic matter fractions reactivity with chlorine dioxide and ozone. Water Res., 38:3791-3799. (Pubitemid 39179758)
37. Tartakovsky, B., Lishman, L.A., and Legge, R.L. (1996) Application of multiwavelength fluorometry for monitoring wastewater treatment process dynamics. Water Res., 30:2941-2948.
38. Sheng, G.P. and Yu, H.Q. (2006) Characterization of extracellular polymeric substances of aerobic and anaerobic sludge using three-dimensional excitation and emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy. Water Res., 40:1233-1239.
39. Bieroza, M.Z., Bridgeman, J., and Baker, A. (2010) Fluorescence spectroscopy as a tool for determination of organic matter removal efficiency at water treatment works. Drinking Water Engineering and Science, 3:63-70.
40. Huang, G., Meng, F., Zheng, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Liu, H., and Jekel, M. (2011) Biodegradation behavior of natural organic matter (NOM) in a biological aerated filter (BAF) as a pretreatment for ultrafiltration (UF) of river water. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 90: 1795- 1803.
41. Birdwell, J.E. andValsaraj, K.T. (2010) Characterization of dissolved organicmatter in fogwater by excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy. Atmos. Environ., 44:3246-3253.
42. Shopov, Y.Y. (1987) Laser luminescent microzonal analysis - A new method for investigation of the alterations of the climate and solar activity during Quaternary. In Proceedings of the International Symposium of Speleology "Problems of Karst Study of Mountainous Countries," Meisniereba, Tbilisi, 5-12 October 1987. pp. 228-232.
43. Shopov, Y.Y., Ford, D.C., and Schwarcz, H.P. (1994) Luminescent microbanding in speleothems - High-resolution chronology and paleoclimate. Geology, 22:407-410. (Pubitemid 24404283)
44. Kurisaki, K. and Yoshimura, K. (2008) Novel dating method for speleothems with microscopic fluorescent annual layers. Anal. Sci., 24:93-98.
45. Nahorniak, M.L. and Booksh, K.S. (2006) Excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy in conjunction with multiway analysis for PAH detection in complex matrices. Analyst, 131:1308-1315. (Pubitemid 44809115)
46. Bosco, M.V., Garrido, M., and Larrechi, M.S. (2006) Determination of phenol in the presence of its principal degradation products in water during a TiO2-photocatalytic degradation process by three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence and parallel factor analysis, Anal. Chim. Acta, 559:240-247. (Pubitemid 43220445)
47. Zhu, S.H.,Wu, H.L., Xia, A.L., Han, Q.J., Zhang, Y., and Yu, R.Q. (2008) Quantitative analysis of hydrolysis of carbaryl in tap water and river by excitation-emission matrix fluorescence coupled with second-order calibration. Talanta, 74:1579-1585.
48. García, I., Sarabia, L.A., and Ortiz, M.C. (2004) Detection capability of tetracyclines analysed by a fluorescence technique: Comparison between bilinear and trilinear partial least squares models. Anal. Chim. Acta, 501:193-203. (Pubitemid 37522070)
49. Saurina, J., Leal, C., Compañó, R., Granados, M., Tauler, R., and Prat, M.D. (2000) Determination of triphenyltin in sea-water by excitation-emission matrix fluorescence and multivariate curve resolution. Anal. Chim. Acta, 409:237-245. (Pubitemid 30114312)
50. Bublitz, J., Christophersen, A., and Schade, W. (1996) Laser-based detection of PAHs and BTXE-aromatics in oil polluted soil samples. Fresen. J. Anal. Chem., 355:684-686. (Pubitemid 126709976)
51. Suvardhan, K., Kumar, K.S., and Chiranjeevi, P. (2005) Extractive spectrofluorometric determination of quinalphos using fluorescein in environmental samples. Environ. Monit. Assess., 108:217-227. (Pubitemid 41386756)
52. Bugden, J.B.C., Yeung, C.W., Kepkay, P.E., and Lee, K. (2008) Application of ultraviolet fluorometry and excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (EEMS) to fingerprint oil and chemically dispersed oil in seawater. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 56:677-685.
53. Berman, T., Stone, L., Yacobi, Y.Z., Shlichter,M., Nishri, A., and Pollingher, U. (1995) Primary production and phytoplankton in Lake Kinneret: A long-term record (1972-1993). Limnol. Oceanogr., 40:1064-1076. (Pubitemid 26453237)
54. Elliott, S., Lead, J.R., and Baker, A. (2006) Thermal quenching of fluorescence of freshwater, planktonic bacteria. Anal. Chim. Acta, 564:219-225.
55. Determann, S., Reuter, R., and Willkomm, R. (1996) Fluorescent matter in the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Part 2: Vertical profiles and relation to water masses. Deep Sea Res. Oceanogr. Res. Paper., 43 (3):345-360.
56. Ralph, P.J. and Burchett, M.D. (1998) Photosynthetic response of Halophila ovalis to heavy metal stress. Environ. Pollut., 103:91-101. (Pubitemid 28529311)
57. Pedrós, R., Goulas, Y., Jacquemoud, S., Louis, J., and Moya, I. (2010) FluorMODleaf: A new leaf fluorescence emission model based on the PROSPECT model. Rem. Sens. Environ., 114:155-167.
58. Baker, A. and Spencer, R.G.M. (2004) Characterization of dissolved organicmatter from source to sea using fluorescence and absorbance spectroscopy. Sci. Total Environ., 333:217-232. (Pubitemid 39208825)
59. Lee, S. and Ahn, K.H. (2004) Monitoring of COD as an organic indicator in waste water and treated effluent by fluorescence excitation-emission (FEEM) matrix characterization. Water Sci Tech., 50 (8):57-63. (Pubitemid 39534709)
60. Huang, H.O., Lee, N.H., Young, T., Gary, A., Lozier, J.C., and Jacangelo, J.G. (2007) Natural organic matter fouling of low-pressure, hollow-fiber membranes: Effects of NOM source and hydrodynamic conditions. Water Res., 41 (17):3823-3832. (Pubitemid 47385824)
61. Yan,Y., Li, H., and Myrick,M.L. (2000) Fluorescence fingerprint ofwaters: Excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy as a tracking tool. Appl Spectros., 54:1539-1542.
62. Baker, A. (2001) Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix characterization of some sewageimpacted rivers. Environ. Sci. Tech., 35:948-953. (Pubitemid 32896093)
63. Hudson, N.J., Baker, A., and Reynolds, D. (2007) Fluorescence analysis of dissolved organic matter in natural, waste and polluted waters - A review. River Res. Appl., 23:631-649. (Pubitemid 47233108)
64. Nguyen, M.L.,Westerhoff, P., Baker, L., Hu, Q., Esparza-Soto,M., and Sommerfeld,M. (2005) Characteristics and reactivity of algae-produced dissolved organic carbon. J. Environ. Eng., 131 (11):1574-1582. (Pubitemid 41568931)
65. Urban-Rich, J., McCarty, J.T., Fernández, D., and Acuña, J.L. (2006) Larvaceans and copepods excrete fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 332:96-105.
66. Liu, L., Song, C., Yan, Z., and Li F. (2009) Characterizing the release of different composition of dissolved organic matter in soil under acid rain leaching using three-dimensional excitationemission matrix spectroscopy. Chemosphere, 77:15-21.
67. Baker, A. and Curry, M. (2004) Fluorescence of leachates from three contrasting landfills. Water Res., 38:2605-2613. (Pubitemid 38680743)
68. Gao, L., Fan, D., Li, D., and Cai, J. (2010) Fluorescence characteristics of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in shallow water along the Zhejiang coasts, southeast China. Mar. Environ. Res., 69:187-197.
69. Marhuenda-Egea, F.C., Martínez-Sabater, E., Jordá, J., Moral, R., Bustamante, M.A., Paredes, C., and Pérez-Murcia, M.D. Dissolved organic matter fractions formed during composting of winery and distillery residues: Evaluation of the process by flourescence excitation-emission matrix. (2007) Chemosphere, 68:301-309.
70. Zhang, T., Lu, J.F.,Ma, J., and Qiang, Z.M. (2008) Fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of DOM fractions isolated from a filtered river water after ozonation and catalytic ozonation. Chemosphere, 71 (5):911-921.
71. Hudson, N., Baker, A., Ward, D., Reynolds, D.M., Brunsdon, C., Carliell-Marquet, C., and Browning, S. (2008) Can fluorescence spectrometry be used as a surrogate for the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) test in water quality assessment? An example from SouthWest England. Sci. Total Environ., 391 (1):149-158.
72. Ni, B.J., Fang, F., Xie, W.M., Sun, M., Sheng, G.P., Li, W.H., and Yu, H.Q. (2009) Characterization of extracellular polymeric substances produced by mixed microorganisms in activated sludge with gelpermeating chromatography, excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy measurement and kinetic modeling. Water Res., 43:1350-1358.
73. Rinnan, R. and Rinnan, A. (2007) Application of near infrared reflectance (NIR) and fluorescence spectroscopy to analysis of microbiological and chemical properties of arctic soil. Soil Biol. Biochem., 39:1664-1673. (Pubitemid 46617659)
74. Kowalczuk, P., Cooper, W.J., Durako, M.J., Kahn, A.E., Gonsior, M., and Young, H. (2010) Characterization of dissolved organic matter fluorescence in the South Atlantic Bight with use of PARAFAC model: Relationships between fluorescence and its components, absorption coefficients and organic carbon concentrations. Mar. Chem., 118:22-36.
75. Parlanti, P., Worz, K., Geoffroy, L., and Lamotte, M. (2000) Dissolved organic matter fluorescence spectroscopy as a tool of estimate biological activity in a coastal one submitted to anthropogenic inputs. Org. Geochem., 31:1765-1781.
76. Yamashita,Y., Cory,R.M., Nishioka, J.,Kuma,K., Tanoue, E., and Jaffé, R. (2010) Fluorescence characteristics of dissolved organic matter in the deep waters of the Okhotsk Sea and the northwestern North Pacific Ocean. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 57:1478-1485.
77. Baker, A., Inverarity, R., and Ward, D. (2005) Catchment-scale fluorescence water quality determination. Water Sci. Tech., 52:199-207. (Pubitemid 43136924)
78. Spencer, R.G.M., Bolton, L., and Baker, A. (2007) Freeze/thaw and pH effects on freshwater dissolved organicmatter fluorescence and absorbance properties from a number ofUKlocations. Water Res., 41:2941-2950. (Pubitemid 46894707)
79. Seredynska-Sobecka, B., Stedmon, C.A., Boe-Hansen, R., Waul, C.K., and Arvin, E. (2011) Monitoring organic loading to swimming pools by fluorescence excitation-emission matrix with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). Water Res., 45:2306-2314.
80. Determann, S., Lobbes, J.M., Reuter, R., and Rullkötter, J. (1998) Ultraviolet fluorescence excitation and emission spectroscopy of marine algae and bacteria. Mar. Chem., 62:137-156. (Pubitemid 28360301)
81. Zepp, R.G., Sheldon, W.M., and Moran, M.A. (2004) Dissolved organic fluorophores in southeastern U.S. coastal waters: Correction method for eliminating Rayleigh and Raman scattering peaks in excitation-emission matrices. Mar. Chem., 89:15-36. (Pubitemid 38946050)
82. Singh, S., D'Sa, E.J., and Swenson, E.M. (2010) Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) variability in Barataria Basin using excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). Sci. Total Environ., 408: 3211- 3222.
83. Kowalczuk, P., Ston-Egiert, J., Cooper,W.J.,Whitehead, R.F., and Durako, M.J. (2005) Characterization of CDOM in the Baltic Sea by excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy. Mar. Chem., 96:273-292.
84. Jiang, F., Lee, F.S.C., Wang, X., and Dai, D. (2008) The application of excitation/emission matrix spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis for the characterization and source identification of dissolved organic matter in seawater of Bohai Sea, China. Mar. Chem., 110:109-119.
85. Mayer, L.M., Schick, L.L., and Loder, T.C. (1999) Dissolved protein fluorescence in twoMaine estuaries. Mar. Chem., 64:171-179. (Pubitemid 29103175)
86. Patel-Sorrentino, N., Mounier, S., and Benaim, J.Y. (2002) Excitation-emission fluorescence matrix to study pH influence on organic matter fluorescence in the Amazon basin rivers. Water Res., 36:2571-2581. (Pubitemid 34578130)
87. Boehme, J.R., Coble, P.G., Conmy, R., and Stovall-Leonard, A. (2004) Examining CDOM fluorescence variability using principal component analysis: Seasonal and regional modeling of three-dimensional fluorescence in the Gulf of Mexico. Mar. Chem., 89:3-14. (Pubitemid 38946049)
88. Yamashita, Y. and Tanoue, E. (2009) Basin scale distribution of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in the Pacific Ocean. Limnol. Oceanogr., 54:598-609.
89. Yamashita, Y. and Tanoue, E. (2003) Chemical characterization of protein-like fluorophores in DOM in relation to aromatic amino acid. Mar. Chem., 82:255-271. (Pubitemid 37029445)
90. Baker, A., Elliott, S., and Lead, J.R. (2007) Effects of filtration and pH perturbation on freshwater organic matter fluorescence. Chemosphere, 67:2035-2043. (Pubitemid 46412393)
91. Johnstone, D.W. and Miller, C.M. (2009) Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix regional transformation and chlorine consumption to predict trihalomethane and haloacetic acid formation. Environ. Eng. Sci., 26:1163-1170.
92. Baker, A. (2005) Thermal fluorescence quenching properties of dissolved organic matter.Water Res., 39:4405-4412. (Pubitemid 41539278)
93. Sazawa, K., Tachi, M., Wakimoto, T., Kawakami, T., Hata, N., Taguchi, S., and Kuramitz, H. (2011) The evaluation for alterations of DOM components from upstream to downstream flow of rivers in Toyama (Japan) using three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 8:1655-1670.
94. Seredynska-Sobecka, B., Baker, A., and Lead, J.R. (2007) Characterisation of colloidal and particulate organic carbon in freshwaters by thermal fluorescence quenching. Water Res., 41:3069-3076. (Pubitemid 46935813)
95. Wu, F.C., Tanoue, E., and Liu, C.Q. (2003) Fluorescence and amino acid characteristics of molecular size fractions of DOM in the waters of Lake Biwa. Biogeochemistry, 65:245-257. (Pubitemid 37365209)
96. Yoshioka, T., Mostofa, K.M.G., Konohira, E., Tanoue, E., Hayakawa, K., Takahashi, M., Ueda, S., Katsuyama, M., Khodzher, T., Bashenkhaeva, N., Korovyakova, I., Sorokovikova, I., and Gorbunova, L. (2007) Distribution and characteristics of molecular size fractions of freshwaterdissolved organic matter in watershed environments: Its implication to degradation. Limnology, 8:29-44. (Pubitemid 46681674)
97. Benner, R. (2002) Chemical composition and reactivity. In Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Hansell, D.A. and Carlson, C.A., Eds. Academic Press: San Diego, California, 59-90.
98. Chen, J., Gu, B., LeBoeuf, E.J., Pan, H., and Dai, S. (2002) Spectroscopic characterization of the structural and functional properties of natural organic matter fractions. Chemosphere, 48:59-68. (Pubitemid 34601654)
99. Chen, W., Westerhoff, P., Leenheer, J.A., and Booksh, K. (2003) Fluorescence excitationemission matrix regional integration to quantify spectra for dissolved organic matter. Environ. Sci. Tech., 37:5701-5710. (Pubitemid 37547932)
100. Zhang, S., Gan,W.B., and Ittekot, V. (1992) Organic matter in large turbid rivers: The Huanghe and its estuary. Mar. Chem., 38:53-68.
101. Vilchez, J.L., Khattabi, R.E., Blanc, R., and Navalón, A. (1998) Photochemical-fluorimetric method for the determination of the insecticide imidacloprid in water samples. Anal. Chim. Acta, 371:247-253. (Pubitemid 28401477)
102. Fan, J., Shao, X., Xu, H., and Feng, S. (2009) A novel inhibitory kinetic fluorimetric method for the determination of trace methomyl in environmental samples. Luminescence, 24:266-270.
103. Wang, H.B., Zhang, Y.J., Xiao, X., Yu, S.H., and Liu, W.Q. (2011) Application of excitationemission matrix fluorescence combined with second-order calibration algorithm for the determination of five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons simultaneously in drinking waters. Anal. Meth., 3:688-695.
104. Beltrán, J.L., Ferrer, R., and Guiteras, J. (1998) Multivariate calibration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures from excitation-emission fluorescence spectra. Anal. Chim. Acta, 373:311-319. (Pubitemid 28448819)
105. Botello, A.V., Dian, G.G., Villanueva, S.F., and Salazar, S.L. (1991) Presence of PAHs in coastal environments of the south-east Gulf of Mexico. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Symposium on Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers: Bordeaux, France.
106. Erustes, J.A., Andrade-Eiroa, A., Cladera, A., Forteza, R., and Cerdá, V. (2001) Fast sequential injection determination of benzoo[a]pyrene (BAP) with on line solid-phase extraction using variable angle fluorescence. Analyst, 126:451-456. (Pubitemid 32324561)
107. Bruzzoniti, M.C., Fungi,M., and Sarzinini, C. (2010) Determination of EPA's priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in drinking waters by solid phase extraction-HPLC. Anal. Meth., 2:739-745.
108. Andrade Eiroa, A., Vázquez Blanco, E., López-Mahía, P., Muniategui Lorenzo, S., and Prada Rodríguez, D. (1998) Simultaneous determination of 11 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by second-derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry considering the possibility of quenching by some PAHs in the mixture. Analyst, 123:2113-2117. (Pubitemid 28482891)
109. Andrade-Eiroa, A., Vázquez Blanco, E., López-Mahía, P., Muniategui Lorenzo, S., and Prada Rodríguez, D. (2000) Resolution of benzoo[a]pyrene in complex mixtures of other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Comparison of two spectrofluorimetric methods applied to water samples. Analyst, 125:1321-1326. (Pubitemid 30458576)
110. Lessard, R.R. and Demarco, G. (2000) The significance of oil spill dispersants. Spill Science & Technology Bulletin, 6:59-68. (Pubitemid 30648099)
111. Sakai, T., Piao, S., Teshima, N., Kuroishi, T., and Grudpan, K. (2004) Flow injection system with in-line Winkler's procedure using 16-way valve and spectrofluorimetric determination of dissolved oxygen in environmental waters. Talanta, 63:893-898.
112. Provenzano, M.R., D'Orazio, V., Jerzykiewicz, M., and Senesi, N. (2004) Fluorescence behaviour of Zn and Ni complexes of humic acids from different sources. Chemosphere, 55:885-892. (Pubitemid 38376234)
113. Olk, D.C. (2006) A chemical fractionation for structure-function relations of soil organicmatter in nutrient cycling. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 70:1013-1022. (Pubitemid 43726490)
114. Morán-Vieyra, F.E., Palazzi, V.I., Sanchez de Pinto,M.I., and Borsarelli, C.D. (2009) Combined UV-Vis and fluorescence properties of extracted humic substances-like as tool for characterization of composting evolution of domestic solid wastes. Geoderma, 151:61-67.
115. Pan, X., Liu, J., Zhang, D., Chen, X., Li, L., Song, W., and Yang, J. (2010) A comparison of five extraction methods for extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from biofilm by using three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3DEEM) fluorescence spectroscopy. Water SA, 36:111-116.
116. Kimura, K., Naruse, T., andWatanabe, Y. (2009) Changes in characteristics of solublemicrobial products in membrane bioreactors associated with different solid retention times: Relation to membrane fouling. Water Res., 43:1033-1039.
117. Li, W.H., Sheng, G.P., Liu, X.W., and Yu, H.Q. (2008) Characterizing the extracellular and intracellular fluorescent products of activated sludge in a sequencing batch reactor. Water Res., 42:3173-3181.
118. Liu, T., Chen, Z.L., Yu,W., and You, S.J. (2011) Characterization of organic membrane foulants in a submerged membrane bioreactor with pre-ozonation using three-dimensional excitationemission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy. Water Res., 45:2111-2121.
119. Liu, H. and Fang, H.H.P. (2002) Extraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of sludges. J. Biotechnol., 95:249-256. (Pubitemid 34465468)
120. Parésys,G., Rigart, C., Rousseau, B.,Wong, A.W.M., Fan, F., Barbier, J.P., and Lavaud, J. (2005) Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of phytoplankton communities by trichromatic chlorophyll fluorescence excitation with special focus on cyanobacteria. Water Res., 39:911-921. (Pubitemid 40311667)
121. Porra, R.J., Thompson, W.A., and Kriedemann, P.E. (1989) Determination of accurate extinction coefficients and simultaneous equations for assaying chlorophylls a and b extracted with four different solvents: Verification of the concentration of chlorophyll standards by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 975:384-394.
122. Elliott, S., Lead, J.R., and Baker,A. (2006) Characterisation of the fluorescence from freshwater, planktonic bacteria. Water Res., 40:2075-2083.
123. Leenheer, J.A. (2003) Characterization of aquatic organic matter. Environ. Sci. Tech., 37: 19A-26A.
124. Kalbitz, K., Solinger, S., Park, J.H., Michalzik, B., and Matzner, E. (2000) Controls on the dynamics of dissolved organic matter in soils: A review. Soil Sci., 165:277-304. (Pubitemid 30254945)
125. Del Vecchio, R. and Blough, N.V. (2004) On the origin of the optical properties of humic substances, Environ. Sci. Technol., 38:3885-3891. (Pubitemid 38955634)
126. Kieber, D.J., Peake, B.M., and Scully, N.M. (2003) Reactive oxygen species in aquatic ecosystems. In UV Effects in Aquatic Organisms, Helbling, E.W. and Zagarese, H., Eds. Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, UK, pp. 251-288.
127. Laane, R.W.P.M. and Kramer, K.J.M. (1990) Natural fluorescence in the North Sea and its major estuaries. Neth. J. Sea Res., 26:1-9.
128. Her, N., Amy, G., McKnight, D., Sohn, J., and Yoon, Y. (2003) Characterization of DOM as a function of MW by fluorescence EES and HPLCSEC using UVA, DOC, and fluorescence detection. Water Res., 37:4295-4303. (Pubitemid 37011284)
129. Wang, Z.G., Liu,W.Q., Zhao, N.J., Li, H.B., Zhang, Y.J., Sima,W.C., and Liu, J.G. (2007) Composition analysis of colored dissolved organic matter in Taihu Lake based on three dimension excitation-emission fluorescence matrix and PARAFAC model, and the potential application in water quality monitoring. J. Environ. Sci., 19:787-791.
130. Baker, A. and Genty,D. (1999) Fluorescencewavelength and intensity variations of cavewaters. J. Hydrol., 217:19-34.
131. Cammack,W.K.L., Kalf, J., Prairie, Y.T., and Smith, E.M. (2004) Fluorescent dissolved organic matter in lakes: Relationship with heterotrophic metabolism. Limnol. Oceanogr., 49: 2034- 2045. (Pubitemid 39547881)
132. Hedges, J.I., Hatcher, P.G., Ertel, J.R., and Meyers-Schulte, K.J. A comparison of dissolved humic substances from seawater with Amazon River counterparts by 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Geochemica et Cosmochimica Acta, 56:1753-1757.
133. Kang, K.H., Shin, H.S., and Park, H. (2002) Characterization of humic substances present in landfill leachates with different ages and its implications. Water Res., 36:4023-4032. (Pubitemid 35299601)
134. Miano, T.M., Sposito, G., and Martin, J.P. (1988) Fluorescence spectroscopy of húmica substances. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 52:1016-1019.
135. Senesi, N. (1990) Molecular and quantitative aspects of the chemistry of fulvic acid and its interactions with metal ions and organic chemicals. Part II. The fluorescence spectroscopy approach. Anal. Chim. Acta, 232:77-106. (Pubitemid 20275228)
136. Stevenson, F.S. (1992) Humus Chemistry - Genesis, Composition and Reactions. Wiley: New York.
137. Hayes, M.H.B. and Clapp, C.E. (2001) Humic substances: Considerations of compositions, aspects of structure, and environmental influences. Soil Sci., 166:723-737. (Pubitemid 33146190)
138. San Vicente de la Riva, B., Costa-Fernández, J.M., Pereiro, R., and Sanz-Medel, A. (2002) Spectrofluorimetric method for the rapid screening of toxic heavy metals in water samples. Anal. Chim. Acta, 451:203-210. (Pubitemid 34127632)
139. Ewald, M., Belin, C., Berger, P., and Weber, J.H. (1983) Corrected fluorescence spectra of fulvic acids isolated from soil and water. Environ. Sci. Tech., 17:501-504. (Pubitemid 14199195)
140. Anterola, A. and Lewis, N.G. (2002) Trends in lignin modification: A comprehensive analysis of the effects of genetic manipulations/mutations on lignification and vascular integrity. Phytochemistry, 61:221-294. (Pubitemid 35189560)
141. Donaldson, L.A. (2001) Lignification and lignin topochemistry - An ultrastructural view. Phytochemistry, 57:859-873. (Pubitemid 32607034)
142. Sierra, M.M.D., Giovanela, M., Parlanti, E., and Soriano-Sierra, E.J. (2005) Fluorescence fingerprint of fulvic and humic acids from varied origins as viewed by single-scan and excitation/ emission matrix techniques. Chemosphere, 58:715-733. (Pubitemid 40044721)
143. Antunes, M.C.G. and Esteves da Silva, J.C.G. (2005) Multivariate curve resolution analysis excitation-emission matrices of fluorescence of humic substances. Anal. Chim. Acta, 546:52-59. (Pubitemid 40943374)
144. Mostofa, K.M., Yoshioka, T., Konohira, E., and Tanoue, E. (2007) Dynamics and characteristics of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the groundwater, river and lake water. Water Air Soil Pollut., 184:157-176. (Pubitemid 47317340)
145. Dittmar, T. and Paeng, J. (2009) A heat-induced molecular signature in
146. Yamashita, Y. and Tanoue, E. (2008) Production of bio-refractory fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the ocean interior. Nat. Geosci., 1:579-582.
147. Cory, R.M. and McKnight, D.M. (2005) Fluorescence spectroscopy reveals ubiquitous presence of oxidized and reduced quinones in dissolved organic matter. Environ. Sci. Tech., 39:8142-8149. (Pubitemid 41572395)
148. Hua, B., Dolan, F., McGhee, C., Clevenger, T.E., and Deng, B. (2007)Water-source characterization with fluorescence EEM spectroscopy: PARAFAC analysis. Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 87:135-147. (Pubitemid 46277609)
149. Fellman, J.B., D'Amore, D.V., Hood, E., and Boone, R.D. (2008) Fluorescence characteristics and biodegradability of dissolved organic matter in forest and wetland soils from coastal temperate watersheds in southeast Alaska. Biogeochemistry, 88:169-184.
150. Persson, T. and Wedborg, M. (2001) Multivariate evaluation of the fluorescence of aquatic organic matter. Anal. Chim. Acta, 434:179-192. (Pubitemid 32411529)
151. Henderson, R.K., Baker, A., Murphy, K.R., Hambly, A., Stuetz, R.M., and Khan, S.J. (2009) Fluorescence as a potential monitoring tool for recycled water systems: A review. Water Res., 43:863-881.
152. Takahashi, M. and Kawamura, K. (2007) Simple measurement of 4, 40-bis(2-sulfostyryl)- biphenyl in river water by fluorescence analysis and its application as an indicator of domestic wastewater contamination. Water Air Soil Pollut., 180:39-49. (Pubitemid 46221340)
153. Pons,M.N. Bonté, S.L., and Potier, O. (2004) Spectral analysis and fingerprinting for biomedia characterisation. J. Biotechnol., 113:211-230. (Pubitemid 39237080)
154. Hall, G.J. and Kenny, J.E. (2007) Estuarine water classification using EEM spectroscopy and PARAFAC-SIMCA. Anal. Chim. Acta, 581:118-124. (Pubitemid 44779520)
155. Newson, M.D.,Baker,A., andMounsey, S. (2001) The potential role of freshwater luminescence measurements in exploring runoff pathways in upland catchments. Hydrolog. Process., 15:989-1002. (Pubitemid 32418358)
156. Mounier, S., Braucher, R., and Benaim, J.Y. (1999) Differentiation of organic matter's properties of the Rio Negro basin by cross-flow ultrafiltration and UV-spectrofluorescence. Water Res., 33:2363-2373. (Pubitemid 29281061)
157. Artinger, R., Buckau, G., Geyer, S., Fritz, P., Wolf, M., and Kim, J.I. (2000) Characterization of groundwater humic substances: Influence of sedimentary organic carbon. Appl. Geochem., 15:97-116. (Pubitemid 29523987)
158. Mounier, S., Patel, N., Quilici, L., Benaim, J.Y., and Benamou, C. (1999) Fluorescence 3D de la matière organique dissoute du fleuve amazonee [Three-dimensional fluorescence of the dissolved organic carbon in the Amazon river]. Water Res., 33:1523-1533. (Pubitemid 29130774)
159. McKnight, D.M., Boyer, E.W., Westerhoff, P.K., Doran, P.T., Kulbe, T., and Andersen, D.T. (2001) Spectrofluorometric characterization of dissolved organic matter for indication of precursor organic material and aromaticity. Limnol. Oceanogr., 46:38-48. (Pubitemid 32106535)
160. Liu, T., Chen, Z.L., Yu, W.Z., and You, S.J. (2011) Characterization of organic membrane foulants in a submerged membrane bioreactor with pre-ozonation using three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy. Water Res., 45:2111-2121.
161. Conmy, R.N., Coble, P.G., Chen, R.F., and Gardner, G.B. (2004) Optical properties of dissolved organic matter in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Mar. Chem., 89:127-144. (Pubitemid 38946056)
162. Murphy, K.R., Stedmon, C.A., Waite, T.D., and Ruiz, G.M. (2008) Distinguishing between terrestrial and autochthonous organic matter sources in marine environments using fluorescence spectroscopy. Mar. Chem., 108:40-45.
163. Stedmon, C.A., Thomas, D.N., Granskog, M., Kaartokallio, H., Papadimitriou, S., and Kuosa, H. (2007) Characteristics of dissolved organic matter in Baltic Coastal sea ice: Allochthonous or autochthonous origins? Environ. Sci. Tech., 41:7273-7279. (Pubitemid 350071634)
164. Coble, P.G., Del Castillo, C.E., and Avril, B. (1998) Distribution and optical properties of CDOM in the Arabian Sea during the 1995 southwest monsoon. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 45:2195-2223. (Pubitemid 29006863)
165. Baker, A., Inverarity, R., Charlton, M., and Richmond, S. (2003) Detecting river pollution using fluorescence spectrophotometry: Case studies from the Quseburg, NE England. Environ. Pollut., 124:57-70. (Pubitemid 36390303)
166. Liu, R., Lead, J.R., and Baker, A. (2007) Fluorescence characterization of cross flow ultrafiltration derived freshwater colloidal and dissolved organic matter. Chemosphere, 68:1304-1311. (Pubitemid 46809990)
167. Boehme, J. and Wells, M. (2006) Fluorescence variability of marine and terrestrial colloids: Examining size fractions of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in the Damariscotta River estuary. Mar. Chem., 101:95-103. (Pubitemid 43766480)
168. Floge, S.A. and Wells, M.L. (2007) Variation in colloidal chromophoric dissolved organic matter in the Damariscotta estuary, Maine. Limnol. Oceanogr., 52:32-95.
169. Ahmad, S.R. and Reynolds, D.M. (1999) Monitoring of water quality using fluorescence technique: Prospect of on-line process control. Water Res., 33:2069-2074. (Pubitemid 29241661)
170. Stedmon, C.A. andMarkager, S. (2003) Behaviour of the optical properties of coloured dissolved organic matter under conservative mixing. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 57:973-979. (Pubitemid 37181823)
171. Vignudelli, S., Santinelli, C., Murru, E., Nannicini, L., and Seritti, A. (2004) Distribution of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and chromophoric dissolved organicmatter (CDOM) in coastal waters of Tyrrhenian Sea (Italy). Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 60:133-149. (Pubitemid 38592110)
172. Schwarz, J.N., Kowalczuk, P., Kaczmarek, S., Cota, G.F., Mitchell, B.G., Kahru, M., Chavez, F.P., Cunningham, A., McKee, D., Gege, P., Kishino, M., Phiney, D.A., and Raine, R. (2002) Two models for absorption by coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM). Oceanologia, 44:209-241. (Pubitemid 34838203)
173. Dennis, A.H. and Craig, A.C. (1998) Deep-ocean gradients in the concentration of dissolved organic carbon. Nature, 395:263-266.
174. Kitayama, S.,Kuma,K., Manabe, E., Sugie, K., Takata, H., Isoda,Y., Toya,K., Saitoh, S., Takagi, S., Kamei, Y., and Sakaoka, K. (2009) Controls on iron distribution in the deep-water column of the North Pacific Ocean: Iron(III)hydroxide solubility and marine humic-type dissolved organic matter. J. Geophys. Res., 114: C08019.
175. Mopper, K. and Schultz, C.A. (1993) Fluorescence as a possible tool for studying the nature and water column distribution of DOC components. Mar. Chem., 41:229-238.
176. Yamashita, Y. and Tanoue, E. (2004) Chemical characteristics of amino acid-containing dissolved organic matter in seawater. Org. Geochem., 35:679-692. (Pubitemid 38527148)
177. Boss, E., Pegau,W.S., Zaneveld, J.R., and Barnard, A.H. (2001) Spatial and temporal variability of absorption by dissolved material at a continental shelf. J. Geophys. Res., 106:9499-9507.
178. Siegel,D.A., Maritorena, S., Nelson, N.B., Hansell,D.A., and Lorenzi-Kayser, M. (2002) Global distribution and dynamics of colored dissolved and detrital organic materials. J. Geophys. Res., 107:3228-3242.
179. De Souza Sierra, M.M., Donard, O.X.F., Lamotte, M., Belin, C., and Ewald, M. (1994) Fluorescence spectroscopy of coastal and marine waters. Mar. Chem., 47:127-144. (Pubitemid 2151722)
180. Chen, R.F. and Bada, J.L. (1992) The fluorescence of dissolved organic matter in seawater. Mar. Chem., 37:191-221.
181. Katsuyama, M. and Nobuhito, O. (2002) Determining the sources of stormflow from the fluorescence properties of dissolved organic carbon in a forested headwater catchment. J. Hydrol., 268:192-202. (Pubitemid 35307230)
182. Zhang,Y.L.,Wu, S.C.,Qing, B.Q., and Chen,W.M. (2004) Absorption of light by chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in Mefiang Bay of Taihu Lake. China Environ. Sci., 24:405-409.
183. Boyd, T.J. and Osburn, C.L. (2004) Changes in CDOM fluorescence from allochthonous and autochthonous sources during tidal mixing and bacterial degradation in two coastal estuaries. Mar. Chem., 89:189-210. (Pubitemid 38946059)
184. Mopper, K., Feng, Z., Bentjen, S.B., and Chen, R.F. (1996) Effects of cross-flow filtration on the absorption and fluorescence properties of seawater. Mar. Chem., 55:53-74. (Pubitemid 27025146)
185. Guo, L., Santschi, P.H., and Warnken, K.W. (1995) Dynamics of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in oceanic environments. Limnol. Oceanogr., 40:1392-1403. (Pubitemid 3027064)
186. Dalterio, R.A., Nelson, W.H., Britt, D., Sperry, J.F., Tanguay, J.F., and Suib, S.L. (1987) The steady-state and decay characteristics of primary fluorescence from live bacteria. Appl. Spectros., 41:234-241. (Pubitemid 17526881)
187. Krause, G.H. and Weis, E. (1991) Chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis: The basics. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol., 42:313-349. (Pubitemid 21903935)
188. Liao, B.Q., Allen, D.G., Droppo, I.G., Leppard, G.G., and Liss, S.N. (2001) Surface properties of activated sludge and their role in bioflocculation and settleability. Water Res., 35:339-350.
189. Yang, Q., Chen, Z.Z., Zhou, X.F., Yin, H.B., Li, X., Xin, X.F., Hong, X.H., Zhu, J.K., and Gong, Z. (2009). Overexpression of SOS (salt overly sensitive) genes increases salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. Mol. Plant, 2:22-31.
190. Zhang, Z.J., Chen, S.H., Wang, S.M., and Luo, H.Y. (2011) Characterization of extracellular polymeric substances from biofilm in the process of starting-up a partial nitrification process under salt stress. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 89:1563-1571.
191. Wang, Z.W., Wu, Z.C., and Tang, S.J. (2009) Characterization of dissolved organic matter in a submerged membrane bioreactor by using three-dimensional excitation and emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy. Water Res., 43:1533-1540.
192. Zhang, D., Pan,X., Mostafa, K.,Chen, X.,Wu, F.C., Song,W.J., and Liu, J. (2009) Complexation between Hg(II) and biofilm extracellular polymeric substances: An application of fluorescence spectroscopy. J. Hazard. Mater., 175:359-365.
193. Adav, S.S. and Lee, D.J. (2008) Extraction of extracellular polymeric substances from aerobic granule with compact interior structure. J. Hazard. Mater., 154:1120-1126.
194. Wang, Z.W., Tang, S.J., Zhu, Y.F., Wu, Z.C., Zhou, Q., and Yang, D.H. (2010) Fluorescent dissolved organic matter variations in a submerged membrane bioreactor under different sludge retention times. J. Membr. Sci., 355:151-157.
195. Reynolds, D.M. and Ahmad, S.R. (1997) Rapid and direct determination of wastewater BOD values using a fluorescence technique. Water Res., 31:2012-2018. (Pubitemid 27312270)
196. Arunachalam, R., Shah, H.K., and Ju, L.K. (2005) Monitoring aerobic sludge digestion by online scanning fluorometry. Water Res., 39:1205-1214. (Pubitemid 40615576)
197. Farabegoli, G., Hellinga, C., Heijnen, J.J., and van Loosdrecht, M.C.M. (2003) Study on the use of NADH fluorescence measurements for monitoring wastewater treatment systems. Water Res., 37, 2732-2738. (Pubitemid 36561471)
198. Liu, Y. and Fang, H.H.P. (2003) Influences of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on flocculation, settling, and dewatering of activated sludge. Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Tech., 33:237-273. (Pubitemid 36961182)
199. Drews, A., Lee, C.H., and Kraume, M. (2006) Membrane fouling - A review on the role of EPS. Desalination, 200:186-188. (Pubitemid 44177324)
200. Peiris, R.H., Halle, C., Budman, H., Moresoli, C., Peldszus, S., Huck, P.M., and Legge, R.L. (2010) Identifying fouling events in a membrane-based drinking water treatment process using principal component analysis of fluorescence excitation-emission matrices. Water Res., 44:185-194.
201. Peiris,R.H., Budman, H.,Moresoli, C., and Legge,R.L. (2010) Understanding fouling behaviour of ultrafiltration membrane processes and natural water using principal component analysis of fluorescence excitation-emission matrices. J. Membr. Sci., 357:62-72.
202. Drews, A., Mante, J., Iversen, V., Vocks, M., Lesjean, B., and Kraume, M. (2007) Impact of ambient conditions on SMP elimination and rejection in MBRs. Water Res., 41:3850-3858. (Pubitemid 47381315)
203. Lee, E.K., Chen, V., and Fane, A.G. (2008) Natural organic matter (NOM) fouling in low pressure membrane filtration-effect of membranes and operation modes. Desalination, 218:257-270. (Pubitemid 350182903)
204. Soler-Rovira, P.A., Brunetti, G., Polo, A., and Senesi, N. (2003) Effects of amendment with composted sludge on soil humic acid properties. Compost Science & Utilization, 11:176-184. (Pubitemid 36844783)
205. He, Z., Ohno, T., Wu, F.C., Olk, D.C., Honeycutt, C.W., and Olanya, M. (2008) Capillary electrophoresis and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy for characterization of humic substances. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 72:1248-1255.
206. Ohno, T., He, Z., Tazisong, I.A., and Senwo, Z.N. (2009) Influence of tillage, cropping, and nitrogen source on the chemical characteristics of humic acid, fulvic acid, and water-soluble soil organic matter fractions of a long-term cropping system study. Soil Sci., 174:652-660.
207. Trubetskaya, O., Trubetskoj, O., Guyot, G., Andreux, F., and Richard, C. (2002) Fluorescence of soil humic acids and their fractions obtained by tandem size exclusion chromatography-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Org. Geochem., 33:213-220. (Pubitemid 34623300)
208. Esteves da Silva, J.C.G., Tavares,M.J.C.G., and Tauler, R. (2006) Multivariate curve resolution of multidimensional excitation-emission quenching matrices of a Laurentian soil fulvic acid. Chemosphere, 64:1939-1948. (Pubitemid 44092943)
209. Senesi, N. (1992) Metal-humic substances complexes in the environment.Molecular and mechanistic aspects by multiple spectroscopic approach. In Biogeochemistry of TraceMetals,Adriano Domy, C., Ed. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, pp. 425-491.
210. Aiken, G.R.,McKnight,D.M.,Wershaw, R.L., and MacCarthy, P., eds. (1985) Humic Substances in Soil, Sediment, and Water. John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, 692.
211. Swietlik, J., Dabrowska, A., Raczyk-Stanislawiak, U., and Nawrocki, J. (2004) Reactivity of natural organic matter fractions with chlorine dioxide and ozone. Water Res., 38:547-558. (Pubitemid 38068226)
212. Uyguner, C.S. and Bekbolet, M. (2005) Evaluation of humic acid photocatalytic degradation by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Catal. Today, 101:267-274. (Pubitemid 40612832)
213. Bosco, M.V., Callao, M.P., and Larrechi, M.S. (2006) Simultaneous analysis of the photocatalytic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using three-dimensional excitationemission matrix fluorescence and parallel factor analysis. Anal. Chim. Acta, 576 184-191. (Pubitemid 44226457)
214. Bosco, M.V. and Larrechi, M.S. (2007) PARAFAC and MCR-ALS applied to the quantitative monitoring of the photodegradation process of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using threedimensional excitation emission fluorescent spectra: Comparative results with HPLC. Talanta, 71:1703-1709.
215. Chen, J.N., Cai, Z.Q., Zhu, Y.X., and Zhang, Y. (2008) Simultaneous determination of dissolved indene, naphthalene and phenanthrene in aqueous solution by dual-wavelength fluorescent technique. Chin. J. Anal. Chem., 36:301-305.
216. Sang, L.Z., Wei, X.Y., Chen, J.N., Zhu, Y.X., and Zhang, Y. (2009) Simultaneous fluorimetric determination of the biodegradation processes of dissolved multi-component PAHs. Talanta, 78:1339-1344.
217. Zhu, S.H.,Wu, H.L., Xia, A.L., Nie, J.F., Bian, Y.C., Cai, C.B., and Yu, R.Q. (2009) Excitationemission- kinetic fluorescence coupled with third-order calibration for quantifying carbaryl and investigating the hydrolysis in effluent water. Talanta, 77:1640-1646.
218. Bugden, J.B.C., Yeung, C.W., Kepkay, P.E., and Lee, K. (2008) Application of ultraviolet fluorometry and excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (EES) to fingerprint oil and chemically dispersed oil in seawater. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 56:677-685.
219. Brunsdon, C., Fotheringham, A.S., and Charlton, M.E. (1996) Geographically weighted regression: A method for exploring spatial nonstationarity. Geogr. Anal., 28:281-298. (Pubitemid 27269883)
220. Hart, S.S., Chen, Y.M., Kenny, J.E., Lien, B.K., and Best, T.W. (1997) Field demonstration of a multichannel fiber-optic laser-induced fluorescence system in a cone penetrometer vehicle. Field Anal. Chem., 1:343-355. (Pubitemid 127697418)
221. Knoth de Zarruk, K., Scholer, G., and Dudal, Y. (2007) Fluorescence fingerprints and Cu2+- complexing ability of individual molecular size fractions in soil- and waste-born DOM. Chemosphere, 69:540-548. (Pubitemid 47336954)
222. Lee, D.Y. and Farmer, W.J. (1989) Dissolved organic matter interaction with napropamide and four other nonionic pesticides. J. Environ. Qual., 18:468-474. (Pubitemid 19272906)
223. Song, N.H., Chen, L., and Yang, H. (2008) Effect of dissolved organic matter on mobility and activation of chlorotoluron in soil and wheat. Geoderma, 146:344-352.
224. Baker, A., Smart, P.L., Edwards, R.L., and Richards, D.A. (1993) Annual growth banding in a cave stalagmite. Nature, 364:518-520. (Pubitemid 24395777)