Spatial variability of leaf area index in homogeneous forests relates to local variation in tree characteristics

Forest Science

Volumn 58, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 633-640

  Bequet, Raphael ^a   Campioli, Matteo ^a   Kint, Vincent ^b   Muys, Bart ^b   Bogaert, Jan ^c   Ceulemans, Reinhart ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ANTWERP   (Belgium)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

^c UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Crown length; Distance; Error; Sample size; Sampling strategy; Tree height

Indexed keywords

CROWN LENGTHS; DISTANCE; SAMPLE SIZES; SAMPLING STRATEGIES; TREE HEIGHT;

ERRORS; ESTIMATION;

FORESTRY;

BELGIUM; CROWNS; DISTANCE; ERRORS; ESTIMATION; FOREST CANOPY; SAMPLES; TREE DIMENSIONS;

FAGUS; FAGUS SYLVATICA; PINUS SYLVESTRIS; QUERCUS ROBUR;

EID: 84872072828     PISSN: 0015749X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5849/forsci.10-123     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. BEQUET, R., V. KINT, M. CAMPIOLI, D. VANSTEENKISTE, B. MUYS, AND R. CEULEMANS. 2012. Influence of stand, site and meteorological variables on the maximum leaf area index of beech, oak and Scots pine. Eur. J. For. Res. 131:283-295.
2. BRÉDA, N. 2003. Ground-based measurements of leaf area index: A review of methods, instruments and controversies. J. Exp. Bot. 54:2403-2417.
3. BIVAND, R. 2009. spdep: Spatial dependence: Weighting schemes, statistics and models. R package version 0.4-34. R Development Core Team, Vienna, Austria.
4. CHASON, J.W., D.D. BALDOCCHI, AND M.A. HUSTON. 1991. A comparison of direct and indirect methods for estimating forest canopy leaf-area. Agric. For. Meteorol. 57:107-128.
5. CHEN, J.M., AND T.A. BLACK. 1992. Defining leaf-area index for non-flat leaves. Plant Cell Environ. 15:421-429.
6. CHEN, J.M., AND J. CIHLAR. 1995. Quantifying the effect of canopy architecture on optical measurements of leaf-area index using two gap size analysis-methods. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 33:777-787.
7. DEBLONDE, G., M. PENNER, AND A. ROYER. 1994. Measuring leaf area index with the Li-Cor LAI-2000 in pine stands. Ecology 75:1507-1511.
8. ECKHARDT, K., L. BREUER, AND H.G. FREDE. 2003. Parameter uncertainty and the significance of simulated land use change effects. J. Hydrol. 273:164-176.
9. FUENTES, S., A.R. PALMER, D. TAYLOR, M. ZEPPEL, R. WHITLEY, AND D. EAMUS. 2008. An automated procedure for estimating the leaf area index (LAI) of woodland ecosystems using digital imagery, MATLAB programming and its application to an examination of the relationship between remotely sensed and field measurements of LAI. Funct. Plant Biol. 35:1070-1079.
10. GOND, V., D.G.G. DE PURY, F. VEROUSTRAETE, AND R. CEULEMANS. 1999. Seasonal variations in leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll, and water content; scaling-up to estimate fAPAR and carbon balance in a multilayer, multispecies temperate forest. Tree Physiol. 19:673-679.
11. GOWER, S.T., C.J. KUCHARIK, AND J.M. NORMAN. 1999. Direct and indirect estimation of leaf area index, f(APAR), and net primary production of terrestrial ecosystems. Remote Sens. Environ. 70:29-51.
12. JONCKHEERE, I., S. FLECK, K. NACKAERTS, B. MUYS, P. COPPIN, M. WEISS, AND F. BARET. 2004. Review of methods for in situ leaf area index determination. Part I. Theories, sensors and hemispherical photography. Agric. For. Meteorol. 121:19-35.
13. JONCKHEERE, I., K. NACKAERTS, B. MUYS, AND P. COPPIN. 2005. Assessment of automatic gap fraction estimation of forests from digital hemispherical photography. Agric. For. Meteorol. 132:96-114.
14. KINT, V., R. DE WULF, AND N. LUST. 2004. Evaluation of sampling methods for the estimation of structural indices in forest stands. Ecol. Model. 180:461-476.
15. KUCHARIK, C.J., J.M. NORMAN, AND S.T. GOWER. 1998. Measurements of branch area and adjusting leaf area index indirect measurements. Agric. For. Meteorol. 91:69-88.
16. ĹOPEZ-SERRANO, F.R., T. LANDETE-CASTILLEJOS, J. MARTINEZMILLAN, AND A. DEL CERRO-BARJA. 2000. LAI estimation of natural pine forest using a non-standard sampling technique. Agric. For. Meteorol. 101:95-111.
17. MAGUIRE, D.A., J.C. BRISSETTE, AND L.H. GU. 1998. Crown structure and growth efficiency of red spruce in uneven-aged, mixed-species stands in Maine. Can. J. For. Res. 28:1233-1240.
18. NACKAERTS, K., P. COPPIN, B. MUYS, AND M. HERMY. 2000. Sampling methodology for LAI measurements with LAI-2000 in small forest stands. Agric. For. Meteorol. 101:247-250.
19. NORMAN, J.M., AND G.S. CAMPBELL. 1989. Canopy structure. P. 301-325 in Plant physiological ecology: Field methods and instrumentation, Pearcy, R.W., J.R. Ehleringer, H.A. Mooney, and P.W. Rundel (eds.). Chapman and Hall, New York.
20. R DEVELOPMENT CORE TEAM. 2008. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. Available online at www.R-project.org; last accessed Oct. 12, 2010.
21. RICH, P.M. 1990. Characterizing plant canopies with hemispherical photographs. Remote Sens. Rev. 5:13-29.
22. RIDLER, T.W., AND S. CALVARD. 1978. Picture thresholding using an iterative selection method. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybernet. 8:630-632.
23. SCHLEPPI, P., M. CONEDERA, I. SEDIVY, AND A. THIMONIER. 2007. Correcting non-linearity and slope effects in the estimation of the leaf area index of forests from hemispherical photographs. Agric. For. Meteorol. 144:236-242.
24. SEIDLING, W. 2007. Signals of summer drought in crown condition data from the German level I network. Eur. J. For. Res. 126:529-544.
25. SMITH, H. 1981. Light quality as an ecological factor. P. 93-110 in Plants under their Atmospheric environment, Grace, J., E.D. Ford, and P.G. Jarvis (eds.). Blackwell, Oxford, UK.
26. STRACHAN, I.B., AND J.H. MCCAUGHEY. 1996. Spatial and vertical leaf area index of a deciduous forest resolved using the LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer. For. Sci. 42:176-181.
27. WANG, Y.S., D.R. MILLER., J.M. WELLES, AND G.M. HEISLER. 1992. Spatial variability of canopy foliage in an oak forest estimated with fisheye sensors. For. Sci. 38:854-865.
28. WARING, R.H. 1983. Estimating forest growth and efficiency in relation to canopy leaf-area. Adv. Ecol. Res. 13:327-354.
29. WEISS, M., F. BARET, G.J. SMITH, I. JONCKHEERE, AND P. COPPIN. 2004. Review of methods for in situ leaf area index (LAI) determination. Part II. Estimation of LAI, errors and sampling. Agric. For. Meteorol. 121:37-53. 640 Forest Science 58(6) 2012