Measurements of branch area and adjusting leaf area index indirect measurements

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Volumn 91, Issue 1-2, 1998, Pages 69-88

  Kucharik, Christopher J ^a   Norman, John M ^a   Gower, Stith T ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FOREST CANOPY; LAI; VEGETATION IMAGER;

EID: 0031811914     PISSN: 01681923     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-1923(98)00064-1     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Chason J.W., Baldocchi D.D., Huston M.A. A comparison of direct and indirect methods for estimating forest canopy leaf area. Agric. For. Meteorol. 57:1991;107-128.
2. Chen J.M., Black T.A. Measuring leaf area index of plant canopies with branch architecture. Agric. For. Meteorol. 57:1991;1-12.
3. Chen J.M., Black T.A. Defining leaf area index for non-flat leaves. Plant, Cell, Envir. 15:1992;421-429.
4. Chen J.M., Cihlar J. Quantifying the effect of canopy architecture on optical measurements of leaf area index using two gap size analysis methods. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 33:1995;777-787.
5. Chen, J.M., Rich, P.M., Gower, S.T., Norman, J.M., Plummer, S., 1997a. Leaf area index of boreal forests: Theory, techniques, and measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 102(D24), 29, 429-29, 443.
6. Chen, J.M., Blanken, P.D., Black, T.A., Guilbeault, M., Chen, S., 1997b. Radiation regime and canopy architecture in a boreal aspen forest, Agric. For. Meteorol. 86, 107-125.
7. Deblonde G., Penner M., Royer A. Measuring leaf area index with the LI-COR LAI-2000 in pine stands. Ecology. 75:1994;1507-1511.
8. Fassnacht K.S., Gower S.T., Norman J.M., McMurtrie R.E. A comparison of optical and direct methods for estimating foliage surface area index in forests. Agric. For. Meteorol. 71:1994;183-207.
9. Gower S.T., Norman J.M. Rapid estimation of leaf area index in conifer and broad-leaf plantations. Ecology. 72:1991;1896-1900.
10. Gower, S.T., Vogel, J., Norman, J.M., Kucharik, C.J., Steele, S.J., Stow, T.K, 1997. Carbon distribution and aboveground net primary production in aspen, jack pine and black spruce stands in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada. J. Geophys. Res. 102(D24), 29, 029-29, 041.
11. Hutchinson B.A., Matt D.R., McMillen R.T., Gross L.J., Tajchman S.J., Norman J.M. The architecture of a deciduous forest canopy in eastern Tennessee. J. Ecol. 74:1986;635-646.
12. Kucharik, C.J., Norman, J.M., Murdock, L.M., Gower, S.T., 1997. Characterizing canopy nonrandomness with a Multiband Vegetation Imager (MVI). J. Geophys. Res. 102(D24), 29, 455-29, 473.
13. Kucharik, C.J., Norman, J.M., Gower, S.T., 1998. Measurements of leaf orientation, leaf angle distribution and sunlit leaf area in a boreal aspen stand. Agric. and For. Meteorol., (in press).
14. Lang, A.R.G., 1990. An instrument for measuring canopy structure. In: Goel, N.S., Norman, J.M. (Eds.), Instrumentation for studying Vegetation Canopies for Remote Sensing in Optical and Thermal Infrared Regions. Harwood Academic Publ., UK, pp. 66-71.
15. Lang A.R.G. Application of some of Cauchy's theorems to estimation of surface areas of leaves, needles and branches of plants, and light transmittance. Agric. For. Meteorol. 55:1991;191-212.
16. Lang A.R.G., Yueqin X., Norman J.M. Crop structure and the penetration of direct sunlight of direct sunlight. Agric. For. Meteorol. 35:1985;83-101.
17. Lang A.R.G., McMurtrie R.E., Benson M.L. Validity of surface area indicies of Pinus radiata estimated from transmittance of the sun's beam. Agric. For. Meteorol. 57:1991;157-170.
18. Miller E.E., Norman J.M. A sunfleck theory for plant canopies, II: Penumbra effect: Intensity distributions along sunfleck segments. Agron J. 63:1971;739-743.
19. Norman J.M., Jarvis P.G. Photosynthesis in sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) III. Measurements of canopy structure and interception of radiation. J. of Appl. Ecol. 11:1974;375-398.
20. Ross, J., 1981. The Radiation Regime and Architecture of Plant Stands. Junk, The Netherlands.
21. Sellers P.J., Hall F.G., Margolis H., Kelly B., Baldocchi D., denHartog G., Cihlar J., Ryan M., Goodison B., Crill P., Ranson J., Lettenmaier D., Wickland D.E. The Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS): An overview and early results from the 1994 field year. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 9:1995;1549-1577.
22. Smith N.J., Chen J.M., Black T.A. Effects of clumping on estimates of stand leaf area index using the LI-COR LAI-2000. Can. J. For. Res. 23:1993;1940-1943.
23. Stenberg P., Linder S., Smolander H., Flower-Ellis J. Performance of the LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer in estimating leaf area index of some Scots pine stands. Tree Physiology. 14:1994;981-995.
24. Welles, J.M., 1990. Some indirect methods of estimation canopy stucture. In: Goel, N.S., Norman, J.M. (Eds.), Instrumentation for Studying Vegetation Canopies for Remote Sensing in Optical and Thermal Infrared Regions. Hardwood Acad. Publ., UK, pp. 31-43.
25. Welles J.M., Cohen S. Canopy structure measurement by gap fraction analysis using commercial instrumentation. J. Exp. Bot. 302:1996;1335-1342.
26. Whittaker R.H., Woodwell G.M. Structure, production, and diversity of the oak-pine forest at Brookhaven. New York J. Ecol. 57:1969;155-174.
27. Zhang, T., Ramakrishnan, R., Livny, M., 1996. BIRCH: An efficient data clustering method for very large databases. In Proc. of ACM SIGMOD International Conf. on Data Management, June 1996, Montreal, Canada.