메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 135, Issue 12, 2012, Pages 3712-3720

Abnormal medial thalamic metabolism in patients with idiopathic restless legs syndrome

Author keywords

central pain; DTI; MRS; restless legs syndrome; VBM

Indexed keywords

CREATINE; N ACETYLASPARTIC ACID;

EID: 84871820963     PISSN: 00068950     EISSN: 14602156     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/brain/aws266     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (54)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 0037738587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restless legs syndrome: Diagnostic criteria, special considerations, and epidemiology. A report from the restless legs syndrome diagnosis and epidemiology workshop at the National Institutes of Health
    • Allen RP, Picchietti D, Hening WA, Trenkwalder C, Walters AS, Montplaisi J. Restless legs syndrome: diagnostic criteria, special considerations, and epidemiology. A report from the restless legs syndrome diagnosis and epidemiology workshop at the National Institutes of Health. Sleep Med 2003; 4: 101-19.
    • (2003) Sleep Med , vol.4 , pp. 101-119
    • Allen, R.P.1    Picchietti, D.2    Hening, W.A.3    Trenkwalder, C.4    Walters, A.S.5    Montplaisi, J.6
  • 2
    • 20644472635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human brain mechanisms of pain perception and regulation in health and disease
    • Apkarian AV, Bushnell MC, Treede RD, Zubieta JK. Human brain mechanisms of pain perception and regulation in health and disease. Eur J Pain 2005; 9: 463-84.
    • (2005) Eur J Pain , vol.9 , pp. 463-484
    • Apkarian, A.V.1    Bushnell, M.C.2    Treede, R.D.3    Zubieta, J.K.4
  • 3
    • 0025295740 scopus 로고
    • Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human brain in vivo in the evaluation of multiple sclerosis: Assessment of the load of disease
    • Arnold DL, Matthews PM, Francis G, Antel J. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human brain in vivo in the evaluation of multiple sclerosis: assessment of the load of disease. Magn Reson Med 1990; 14: 154-9.
    • (1990) Magn Reson Med , vol.14 , pp. 154-159
    • Arnold, D.L.1    Matthews, P.M.2    Francis, G.3    Antel, J.4
  • 5
    • 77950255135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal hypoaesthesia differentiates secondary restless legs syndrome associated with small fibre neuropathy from primary restless legs syndrome
    • Bachmann CG, Rolke R, Scheidt U, Stadelmann C, Sommer M, Pavlakovic G, et al. Thermal hypoaesthesia differentiates secondary restless legs syndrome associated with small fibre neuropathy from primary restless legs syndrome. Brain 2010; 133: 762-70.
    • (2010) Brain , vol.133 , pp. 762-770
    • Bachmann, C.G.1    Rolke, R.2    Scheidt, U.3    Stadelmann, C.4    Sommer, M.5    Pavlakovic, G.6
  • 6
    • 18244397928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seizure associated abnormalities in epilepsy: Evidence from MR imaging
    • Briellmann RS, Wellard RM, Jackson GD. Seizure associated abnormalities in epilepsy: evidence from MR imaging. Epilepsia 2005; 46: 760-6.
    • (2005) Epilepsia , vol.46 , pp. 760-766
    • Briellmann, R.S.1    Wellard, R.M.2    Jackson, G.D.3
  • 7
    • 0027749707 scopus 로고
    • Multinuclear NMR studies on the energy metabolism of glial and neuronal cells
    • Brand A, Richter-Landsberg C, Leibfritz D. Multinuclear NMR studies on the energy metabolism of glial and neuronal cells. Dev Neurosci 1993; 15: 289-98.
    • (1993) Dev Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 289-298
    • Brand, A.1    Richter-Landsberg, C.2    Leibfritz, D.3
  • 8
    • 0030996046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral generators involved in the pathogenesis of the restless legs syndrome
    • Bucher SF, Seelos KC, Oertel WH, Reiser M, Trenkwalder C. Cerebral generators involved in the pathogenesis of the restless legs syndrome. Ann Neurol 1997; 41: 639-45.
    • (1997) Ann Neurol , vol.41 , pp. 639-645
    • Bucher, S.F.1    Seelos, K.C.2    Oertel, W.H.3    Reiser, M.4    Trenkwalder, C.5
  • 9
    • 75649150448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and clinical correlates of restless legs syndrome in an elderly French population: The synapse study
    • Celle S, Roche F, Kerleroux J, Thomas-Anterion C, Laurent B, Rouch I, et al. Prevalence and clinical correlates of restless legs syndrome in an elderly French population: the synapse study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2010a; 65: 167-73.
    • (2010) J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci , vol.65 , pp. 167-173
    • Celle, S.1    Roche, F.2    Kerleroux, J.3    Thomas-Anterion, C.4    Laurent, B.5    Rouch, I.6
  • 10
    • 77951207099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of specific gray matter alterations in restless legs syndrome in elderly subjects
    • Celle S, Roche F, Peyron R, Faillenot I, Laurent B, Pichot V, et al. Lack of specific gray matter alterations in restless legs syndrome in elderly subjects. J Neurol 2010b; 257: 344-8.
    • (2010) J Neurol , vol.257 , pp. 344-348
    • Celle, S.1    Roche, F.2    Peyron, R.3    Faillenot, I.4    Laurent, B.5    Pichot, V.6
  • 11
    • 33747883525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Support for dopaminergic hypoactivity in restless legs syndrome: A PET study on D2-receptor binding
    • Cervenka S, Pålhagen SE, Comley RA, Panagiotidis G, Cselényi Z, Matthews JC, et al. Support for dopaminergic hypoactivity in restless legs syndrome: a PET study on D2-receptor binding. Brain 2006; 129: 2017-28.
    • (2006) Brain , vol.129 , pp. 2017-2028
    • Cervenka, S.1    Pålhagen, S.E.2    Comley, R.A.3    Panagiotidis, G.4    Cselényi, Z.5    Matthews, J.C.6
  • 12
    • 70349151405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restless legs syndrome in a community sample of Korean adults: Prevalence, impact on quality of life, and association with DSM-IV psychiatric disorders
    • Cho SJ, Hong JP, Hahm BJ, Jeon HJ, Chang SM, Cho MJ, et al. Restless legs syndrome in a community sample of Korean adults: prevalence, impact on quality of life, and association with DSM-IV psychiatric disorders. Sleep 2009; 32: 1069-76.
    • (2009) Sleep , vol.32 , pp. 1069-1076
    • Cho, S.J.1    Hong, J.P.2    Hahm, B.J.3    Jeon, H.J.4    Chang, S.M.5    Cho, M.J.6
  • 13
    • 67651033641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurocognitive mechanisms in depression: Implications for treatment
    • Clark L, Chamberlain SR, Sahakian BJ. Neurocognitive mechanisms in depression: implications for treatment. Annu Rev Neurosci 2009; 32: 57-74.
    • (2009) Annu Rev Neurosci , vol.32 , pp. 57-74
    • Clark, L.1    Chamberlain, S.R.2    Sahakian, B.J.3
  • 14
    • 33746784318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restless legs syndrome: Revisiting the dopamine hypothesis from the spinal cord perspective
    • Clemens S, Rye D, Hochman S. Restless legs syndrome: revisiting the dopamine hypothesis from the spinal cord perspective. Neurology 2006; 67: 125-30.
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.67 , pp. 125-130
    • Clemens, S.1    Rye, D.2    Hochman, S.3
  • 15
    • 84855953856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of gray matter density in restless legs syndrome patients and matched controls using voxel-based morphom-etry
    • Comley RA, Cervenka S, Palhagen SE, Panagiotidis G, Matthews JC, Lai RY, et al. A comparison of gray matter density in restless legs syndrome patients and matched controls using voxel-based morphom-etry. J Neuroimaging 2012; 22: 28-32.
    • (2012) J Neuroimaging , vol.22 , pp. 28-32
    • Comley, R.A.1    Cervenka, S.2    Palhagen, S.E.3    Panagiotidis, G.4    Matthews, J.C.5    Lai, R.Y.6
  • 16
    • 0034068954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early Nacetylaspartate depletion is a marker ofneuronal dysfunction in rats and primates chronically treated with the mitochondrial toxin 3-nitropropionic acid
    • Dautry C, Vaufrey F, Brouillet E, Bizat N, Henry PG, Conde F, et al. Early Nacetylaspartate depletion is a marker ofneuronal dysfunction in rats and primates chronically treated with the mitochondrial toxin 3-nitropropionic acid. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2000; 20: 789-99.
    • (2000) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.20 , pp. 789-799
    • Dautry, C.1    Vaufrey, F.2    Brouillet, E.3    Bizat, N.4    Henry, P.G.5    Conde, F.6
  • 17
    • 78650980291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive affective and behavioural disturbances following vascular thalamic lesions: A review
    • De Witte L, Brouns R, Kavadias D, Engelborghs S, De Deyn PP, Mariën P. Cognitive, affective and behavioural disturbances following vascular thalamic lesions: a review. Cortex 2011; 47: 273-319.
    • (2011) Cortex , vol.47 , pp. 273-319
    • De Witte, L.1    Brouns, R.2    Kavadias, D.3    Engelborghs, S.4    De Deyn, P.P.5    Mariën, P.6
  • 18
    • 0035049083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-Acetylaspartate, a marker of both cellular dysfunction and neuronal loss: Its relevance to studies of acute brain injury
    • Demougeot C, Garnier P, Mossiat C, Bertrand N, Giroud M, Beley A, et al. N-Acetylaspartate, a marker of both cellular dysfunction and neuronal loss: its relevance to studies of acute brain injury. J Neurochem 2001; 77: 408-15.
    • (2001) J Neurochem , vol.77 , pp. 408-415
    • Demougeot, C.1    Garnier, P.2    Mossiat, C.3    Bertrand, N.4    Giroud, M.5    Beley, A.6
  • 19
    • 50249084453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain structural and functional abnormalities in mood disorders: Implications for neurocircuitry models of depression
    • Drevets WC, Price JL, Furey ML. Brain structural and functional abnormalities in mood disorders: implications for neurocircuitry models of depression. Brain Struct Funct 2008; 213: 93-118.
    • (2008) Brain Struct Funct , vol.213 , pp. 93-118
    • Drevets, W.C.1    Price, J.L.2    Furey, M.L.3
  • 20
    • 79957988383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in pain responses in treated and untreated patients with restless legs syndrome: Associations with sleep disruption
    • Edwards RR, Quartana PJ, Allen RP, Greenbaum S, Earley CJ, Smith MT. Alterations in pain responses in treated and untreated patients with restless legs syndrome: associations with sleep disruption. Sleep Med 2011; 12: 603-9.
    • (2011) Sleep Med , vol.12 , pp. 603-609
    • Edwards, R.R.1    Quartana, P.J.2    Allen, R.P.3    Greenbaum, S.4    Earley, C.J.5    Smith, M.T.6
  • 21
    • 12844259629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilateral thalamic gray matter changes in patients with restless legs syndrome
    • Etgen T, Draganski B, Ilg C, Schröder M, Geisler P, Hajak G, et al. Bilateral thalamic gray matter changes in patients with restless legs syndrome. Neuroimage 2005; 24: 1242-7.
    • (2005) Neuroimage , vol.24 , pp. 1242-1247
    • Etgen, T.1    Draganski, B.2    Ilg, C.3    Schröder, M.4    Geisler, P.5    Hajak, G.6
  • 22
    • 0034854279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nigrostriatal collaterals to thalamus degenerate in parkinsonian animal models
    • Freeman A, Ciliax B, Bakay R, Daley J, Miller RD, Keating G, et al. Nigrostriatal collaterals to thalamus degenerate in parkinsonian animal models. Ann Neurol 2001; 50: 321-9.
    • (2001) Ann Neurol , vol.50 , pp. 321-329
    • Freeman, A.1    Ciliax, B.2    Bakay, R.3    Daley, J.4    Miller, R.D.5    Keating, G.6
  • 23
    • 78349291838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term attention and verbal fluency is decreased in restless legs syndrome patients
    • Fulda S, Beitinger ME, Reppermund S, Winkelmann J, Wetter TC. Short-term attention and verbal fluency is decreased in restless legs syndrome patients. Mov Disord 2010; 25: 2641-8.
    • (2010) Mov Disord , vol.25 , pp. 2641-2648
    • Fulda, S.1    Beitinger, M.E.2    Reppermund, S.3    Winkelmann, J.4    Wetter, T.C.5
  • 24
    • 45249124052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A further evaluation of the cognitive deficits associated with restless legs syndrome (RLS)
    • Gamaldo CE, Benbrook AR, Allen RP, Oguntimein O, Earley CJ. A further evaluation of the cognitive deficits associated with restless legs syndrome (RLS). Sleep Med 2008; 9: 500-5.
    • (2008) Sleep Med , vol.9 , pp. 500-505
    • Gamaldo, C.E.1    Benbrook, A.R.2    Allen, R.P.3    Oguntimein, O.4    Earley, C.J.5
  • 26
    • 0029994241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correction for distortion of echo-planar images used to calculate the apparent diffusion coefficient
    • Haselgrove JC, Moore Jr. Correction for distortion of echo-planar images used to calculate the apparent diffusion coefficient. Magn Reson Med 1996; 36: 960-4.
    • (1996) Magn Reson Med , vol.36 , pp. 960-964
    • Haselgrove, J.C.1    Moore, J.R.2
  • 27
    • 74949106154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depressive disorders in restless legs syndrome: Epidemiology pathophysiology and management
    • Hornyak M. Depressive disorders in restless legs syndrome: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management. CNS Drugs 2010; 24: 89-98.
    • (2010) CNS Drugs , vol.24 , pp. 89-98
    • Hornyak, M.1
  • 29
    • 79251645881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 04 and 615 Study Groups. Evaluation of painful sensory symptoms in restless legs syndrome: Experience from two clinical trials
    • Hornyak M, Sohr M, Busse M. 04 and 615 Study Groups. Evaluation of painful sensory symptoms in restless legs syndrome: experience from two clinical trials. Sleep Med 2011; 12: 186-9.
    • (2011) Sleep Med , vol.12 , pp. 186-189
    • Hornyak, M.1    Sohr, M.2    Busse, M.3
  • 30
    • 0036425968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved optimization for the robust and accurate linear registration and motion correction of brain images
    • Jenkinson M, Bannister P, Brady M, Smith S. Improved optimization for the robust and accurate linear registration and motion correction of brain images. Neuroimage 2002; 17: 825-41.
    • (2002) Neuroimage , vol.17 , pp. 825-841
    • Jenkinson, M.1    Bannister, P.2    Brady, M.3    Smith, S.4
  • 32
    • 70349941101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance diagnostic markers in clinically sporadic prion disease: A combined brain magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy study
    • Lodi R, Parchi P, Tonon C, Manners D, Capellari S, Strammiello R, et al. Magnetic resonance diagnostic markers in clinically sporadic prion disease: a combined brain magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy study. Brain 2009; 132: 2669-79.
    • (2009) Brain , vol.132 , pp. 2669-2679
    • Lodi, R.1    Parchi, P.2    Tonon, C.3    Manners, D.4    Capellari, S.5    Strammiello, R.6
  • 33
    • 0036277865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Descending control of pain
    • Millan MJ. Descending control of pain. Prog Neurobiol 2002; 66: 355-474.
    • (2002) Prog Neurobiol , vol.66 , pp. 355-474
    • Millan, M.J.1
  • 35
    • 78149381038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatal familial insomnia and the role of the thalamus in sleep regulation
    • Montagna P. Fatal familial insomnia and the role of the thalamus in sleep regulation. Handb Clin Neurol 2011; 99: 981-96.
    • (2011) Handb Clin Neurol , vol.99 , pp. 981-996
    • Montagna, P.1
  • 37
    • 0034625658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological and neural mechanisms of the affective dimension of pain
    • Price DD. Psychological and neural mechanisms of the affective dimension of pain. Science 2000; 288: 1769-72.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , pp. 1769-1772
    • Price, D.D.1
  • 38
    • 0027375098 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of metabolite concentrations from localized in vivo proton NMR spectra
    • Provencher SW. Estimation of metabolite concentrations from localized in vivo proton NMR spectra. Magn Reson Med 1993; 30: 672-9.
    • (1993) Magn Reson Med , vol.30 , pp. 672-679
    • Provencher, S.W.1
  • 39
    • 84862331270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined brain voxel-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging study in idiopathic restless legs syndrome patients
    • Rizzo G, Manners D, Vetrugno R, Tonon C, Malucelli E, Plazzi G, et al. Combined brain voxel-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging study in idiopathic restless legs syndrome patients. Eur J Neurol 2012; 19: 1045-9.
    • (2012) Eur J Neurol , vol.19 , pp. 1045-1049
    • Rizzo, G.1    Manners, D.2    Vetrugno, R.3    Tonon, C.4    Malucelli, E.5    Plazzi, G.6
  • 40
    • 2542483678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parkinson's disease and RLS: The dopaminergic bridge
    • Rye DB. Parkinson's disease and RLS: the dopaminergic bridge. Sleep Med 2004; 5: 317-28.
    • (2004) Sleep Med , vol.5 , pp. 317-328
    • Rye, D.B.1
  • 41
    • 0031763673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial painful restless legs syndrome correlates with pain dependent variation of blood flow to the caudate, thalamus, and anterior cingu-lated gyrus
    • San Pedro EC, Mountz JM, Mountz JD, Liu HG, Katholi CR, Deutsch G. Familial painful restless legs syndrome correlates with pain dependent variation of blood flow to the caudate, thalamus, and anterior cingu-lated gyrus. J Rheumatol 1998; 25: 2270-5.
    • (1998) J Rheumatol , vol.25 , pp. 2270-2275
    • San Pedro, E.C.1    Mountz, J.M.2    Mountz, J.D.3    Liu, H.G.4    Katholi, C.R.5    Deutsch, G.6
  • 42
    • 4344593860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Idiopathic restless legs syndrome: Abnormalities in central somatosen-sory processing
    • Schattschneider J, Bode A, Wasner G, Binder A, Deuschl G, Baron R. Idiopathic restless legs syndrome: abnormalities in central somatosen-sory processing. J Neurol 2004; 251: 977-82.
    • (2004) J Neurol , vol.251 , pp. 977-982
    • Schattschneider, J.1    Bode, A.2    Wasner, G.3    Binder, A.4    Deuschl, G.5    Baron, R.6
  • 43
    • 0034782504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-Acetylaspartate reduction as a measure of injury severity and mitochondrial dysfunction following diffuse traumatic brain injury
    • Signoretti S, Marmarou A, Tavazzi B, Lazzarino G, Beaumont A, Vagnozzi R. N-Acetylaspartate reduction as a measure of injury severity and mitochondrial dysfunction following diffuse traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 2001; 18: 977-91.
    • (2001) J Neurotrauma , vol.18 , pp. 977-991
    • Signoretti, S.1    Marmarou, A.2    Tavazzi, B.3    Lazzarino, G.4    Beaumont, A.5    Vagnozzi, R.6
  • 44
    • 0036828879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast robust automated brain extraction
    • Smith SM. Fast robust automated brain extraction. Hum Brain Mapp 2002; 17: 143-55.
    • (2002) Hum Brain Mapp , vol.17 , pp. 143-155
    • Smith, S.M.1
  • 45
    • 34247646890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of sleep deprivation on pain inhibition and spontaneous pain in women
    • Smith MT, Edwards RR, McCann UD, Haythornthwaite JA. The effects of sleep deprivation on pain inhibition and spontaneous pain in women. Sleep 2007; 30: 494-505.
    • (2007) Sleep , vol.30 , pp. 494-505
    • Smith, M.T.1    Edwards, R.R.2    McCann, U.D.3    Haythornthwaite, J.A.4
  • 46
    • 1842785359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Static mechanical hyperalgesia without dynamic tactile allodynia in patients with restless legs syndrome
    • Stiasny-Kolster K, Magerl W, Oertel WH, Moller JC, Treede RD. Static mechanical hyperalgesia without dynamic tactile allodynia in patients with restless legs syndrome. Brain 2004; 127: 773-82.
    • (2004) Brain , vol.127 , pp. 773-782
    • Stiasny-Kolster, K.1    Magerl, W.2    Oertel, W.H.3    Moller, J.C.4    Treede, R.D.5
  • 47
    • 0036704933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frontal-subcortical neuronal circuits and clinical neuropsychiatry: An update
    • Tekin S, Cummings JL. Frontal-subcortical neuronal circuits and clinical neuropsychiatry: an update. J Psychosom Res 2002; 53: 647-54.
    • (2002) J Psychosom Res , vol.53 , pp. 647-654
    • Tekin, S.1    Cummings, J.L.2
  • 49
    • 61449256613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of restless legs syndrome: An evidence-based review and implications for clinical practice
    • Trenkwalder C, Hening WA, Montagna P, Oertel WH, Allen RP, Walters AS, et al. Treatment of restless legs syndrome: an evidence-based review and implications for clinical practice. Mov Disord 2008; 23: 2267-302.
    • (2008) Mov Disord , vol.23 , pp. 2267-2302
    • Trenkwalder, C.1    Hening, W.A.2    Montagna, P.3    Oertel, W.H.4    Allen, R.P.5    Walters, A.S.6
  • 51
    • 70350745963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical involvement in the sensory and motor symptoms of primary restless legs syndrome
    • Tyvaert L, Houdayer E, Devanne H, Bourriez JL, Derambure P, Monaca C. Cortical involvement in the sensory and motor symptoms of primary restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med 2009; 10: 1090-6.
    • (2009) Sleep Med , vol.10 , pp. 1090-1096
    • Tyvaert, L.1    Houdayer, E.2    Devanne, H.3    Bourriez, J.L.4    Derambure, P.5    Monaca, C.6
  • 52
    • 35348934860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical grey matter alterations in idiopathic restless legs syndrome: An optimized voxel-based morphometry study
    • Unrath A, Juengling FD, Schork M, Kassubek J. Cortical grey matter alterations in idiopathic restless legs syndrome: an optimized voxel-based morphometry study. Mov Disord 2007; 22: 1751-6.
    • (2007) Mov Disord , vol.22 , pp. 1751-1756
    • Unrath, A.1    Juengling, F.D.2    Schork, M.3    Kassubek, J.4
  • 53
    • 52649142782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral white matter alterations in idiopathic restless legs syndrome, as measured by diffusion tensor imaging
    • Unrath A, Müller HP, Ludolph AC, Riecker A, Kassubek J. Cerebral white matter alterations in idiopathic restless legs syndrome, as measured by diffusion tensor imaging. Mov Disord 2008; 23: 1250-5.
    • (2008) Mov Disord , vol.23 , pp. 1250-1255
    • Unrath, A.1    Müller, H.P.2    Ludolph, A.C.3    Riecker, A.4    Kassubek, J.5
  • 54
  • 55
    • 2442478309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time course of NAA T2 and ADC(w) in ischaemic stroke patients: 1HMRS imaging and diffusion-weighted MRI
    • Walker PM, Ben Salem D, Lalande A, Giroud M, Brunotte F. Time course of NAA T2 and ADC(w) in ischaemic stroke patients: 1HMRS imaging and diffusion-weighted MRI. J Neurol Sci 2004; 220: 23-8.
    • (2004) J Neurol Sci , vol.220 , pp. 23-28
    • Walker, P.M.1    Ben Salem, D.2    Lalande, A.3    Giroud, M.4    Brunotte, F.5
  • 56
    • 0038409937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study group rating scale for restless legs syndrome
    • Walters AS, LeBrocq C, Dhar A, Hening W, Rosen R, Allen RP, et al. Validation of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study group rating scale for restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med 2003; 4: 121-32.
    • (2003) Sleep Med , vol.4 , pp. 121-132
    • Walters, A.S.1    Lebrocq, C.2    Dhar, A.3    Hening, W.4    Rosen, R.5    Allen, R.P.6
  • 57
    • 60949097459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the endogenous opiate system play a role in the restless legs syndrome? A pilot post-mortem study
    • Walters AS, Ondo WG, Zhu W, Le W. Does the endogenous opiate system play a role in the restless legs syndrome? A pilot post-mortem study. J Neurol Sci 2009; 279: 62-5.
    • (2009) J Neurol Sci , vol.279 , pp. 62-65
    • Walters, A.S.1    Ondo, W.G.2    Zhu, W.3    Le, W.4
  • 58
    • 13144275248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "anxietas tibiarum". Depression and anxiety disordersin patients with restless legs syndrome
    • Winkelmann J, Prager M, Lieb R, Pfister H, Spiegel B, Wittchen HU, et al. "Anxietas tibiarum". Depression and anxiety disordersin patients with restless legs syndrome. J Neurol 2005; 252: 67-71.
    • (2005) J Neurol , vol.252 , pp. 67-71
    • Winkelmann, J.1    Prager, M.2    Lieb, R.3    Pfister, H.4    Spiegel, B.5    Wittchen, H.U.6
  • 59
    • 0034745001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segmentation of brain MR images through a hidden markov random field model and the expectation-maximization algorithm
    • Zhang Y, Brady M, Smith S. Segmentation of brain MR images through a hidden Markov random field model and the expectation-maximization algorithm. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 2001; 20: 45-57.
    • (2001) IEEE Trans Med Imaging , vol.20 , pp. 45-57
    • Zhang, Y.1    Brady, M.2    Smith, S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.