Degeneration of the Injured Cervical Cord Is Associated with Remote Changes in Corticospinal Tract Integrity and Upper Limb Impairment

PLoS ONE

Volumn 7, Issue 12, 2012, Pages

  Freund, Patrick ^a,b   Schneider, Torben ^a   Nagy, Zoltan ^a   Hutton, Chloe ^a   Weiskopf, Nikolaus ^a   Friston, Karl ^a   Wheeler Kingshott, Claudia A ^a   Thompson, Alan J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b SWISS PARAPLEGIC RESEARCH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARM INJURY; ARM MOVEMENT; ARTICLE; CERVICAL SPINAL CORD INJURY; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING; FEMALE; FRACTIONAL ANISOTROPY; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; MALE; MOTOR DYSFUNCTION; NERVE FIBER DEGENERATION; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PYRAMIDAL TRACT; SENSORY DYSFUNCTION;

ANISOTROPY; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CERVICAL VERTEBRAE; DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NERVE DEGENERATION; PYRAMIDAL TRACTS; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; UPPER EXTREMITY;

EID: 84871220387     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051729     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Freund P, Weiskopf N, Ward NS, Hutton C, Gall A, et al. (2011) Disability, atrophy and cortical reorganization following spinal cord injury. Brain 134: 1610-1622.
2. Wrigley PJ, Gustin SM, Macey PM, Nash PG, Gandevia SC, et al. (2009) Anatomical changes in human motor cortex and motor pathways following complete thoracic spinal cord injury. Cereb Cortex 19: 224-232.
3. Cohen-Adad J, El Mendili MM, Lehericy S, Pradat PF, Blancho S, et al. (2011) Demyelination and degeneration in the injured human spinal cord detected with diffusion and magnetization transfer MRI. Neuroimage 55: 1024-1033.
4. Dietz V, Curt A, (2006) Neurological aspects of spinal-cord repair: promises and challenges. Lancet Neurol 5: 688-694.
5. Freund P, Wheeler-Kingshott CA, Nagy Z, Gorgoraptis N, Weiskopf N, et al. (2012) Axonal integrity predicts cortical reorganisation following cervical injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 83: 629-637.
6. Lundell H, Barthelemy D, Skimminge A, Dyrby TB, Biering-Sorensen F, et al. (2011) Independent spinal cord atrophy measures correlate to motor and sensory deficits in individuals with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 49: 70-75.
7. Pierpaoli C, Barnett A, Pajevic S, Chen R, Penix LR, et al. (2001) Water diffusion changes in Wallerian degeneration and their dependence on white matter architecture. Neuroimage 13: 1174-1185.
8. Basser PJ, Pierpaoli C, (1996) Microstructural and physiological features of tissues elucidated by quantitative-diffusion-tensor MRI. J Magn Reson B 111: 209-219.
9. Gouw AA, Seewann A, Vrenken H, van der Flier WM, Rozemuller JM, et al. (2008) Heterogeneity of white matter hyperintensities in Alzheimer's disease: post-mortem quantitative MRI and neuropathology. Brain 131: 3286-3298.
10. Schmierer K, Wheeler-Kingshott CA, Boulby PA, Scaravilli F, Altmann DR, et al. (2007) Diffusion tensor imaging of post mortem multiple sclerosis brain. Neuroimage 35: 467-477.
11. Freund P, Rothwell J, Craggs M, Thompson AJ, Bestmann S, (2011) Corticomotor representation to a human forearm muscle changes following cervical spinal cord injury. Eur J Neurosci 34: 1839-1846.
12. Goodkin DE, Hertsgaard D, Seminary J, (1988) Upper extremity function in multiple sclerosis: improving assessment sensitivity with box-and-block and nine-hole peg tests. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 69: 850-854.
13. Hoogervorst EL, Kalkers NF, Uitdehaag BM, Polman CH, (2002) A study validating changes in the multiple sclerosis functional composite. Arch Neurol 59: 113-116.
14. Freund PA, Dalton C, Wheeler-Kingshott CA, Glensman J, Bradbury D, et al. (2010) Method for simultaneous voxel-based morphometry of the brain and cervical spinal cord area measurements using 3D-MDEFT. J Magn Reson Imaging 32: 1242-1247.
15. Reese TG, Heid O, Weisskoff RM, Wedeen VJ, (2003) Reduction of eddy-current-induced distortion in diffusion MRI using a twice-refocused spin echo. Magn Reson Med 49: 177-182.
16. Cook PA, Symms M, Boulby PA, Alexander DC, (2007) Optimal acquisition orders of diffusion-weighted MRI measurements. J Magn Reson Imaging 25: 1051-1058.
17. Wheeler-Kingshott CA, Hickman SJ, Parker GJ, Ciccarelli O, Symms MR, et al. (2002) Investigating cervical spinal cord structure using axial diffusion tensor imaging. Neuroimage 16: 93-102.
18. Andersson JL, Skare S, Ashburner J, (2003) How to correct susceptibility distortions in spin-echo echo-planar images: application to diffusion tensor imaging. Neuroimage 20: 870-888.
19. Freund P, Wheeler-Kingshott CA, Nagy Z, Gorgoraptis N, Weiskopf N, et al. (2012) Axonal integrity predicts cortical reorganisation following cervical injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry doi:10.1136/jnnp-2011-301875.
20. Chang LC, Jones DK, Pierpaoli C, (2005) RESTORE: robust estimation of tensors by outlier rejection. Magn Reson Med 53: 1088-1095.
21. Ashburner J, Friston KJ, (2005) Unified segmentation. Neuroimage 26: 839-851.
22. Ashburner J, (2007) A fast diffeomorphic image registration algorithm. Neuroimage 38: 95-113.
23. Lee JE, Chung MK, Lazar M, DuBray MB, Kim J, et al. (2009) A study of diffusion tensor imaging by tissue-specific, smoothing-compensated voxel-based analysis. Neuroimage 44: 870-883.
24. Draganski B, Ashburner J, Hutton C, Kherif F, Frackowiak RS, et al. (2011) Regional specificity of MRI contrast parameter changes in normal ageing revealed by voxel-based quantification (VBQ). Neuroimage Volume 55, 1423-1434.
25. Freund P, Wheeler-Kingshott C, Jackson J, Miller D, Thompson A, et al. (2010) Recovery after spinal cord relapse in multiple sclerosis is predicted by radial diffusivity. Mult Scler 16: 1193-1202.
26. Adams R, Bischof L, (1994) Seeded region growing EEE Transactions on. 16(6): 641-647.
27. Schneider T, Thomas DL, Kachramanoglou C, Ciccarelli O, Alexander DC, et al. (2011) Fuzzy partial volume correction of spinal cord DTI parameters. International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 19th Annual Scientific Meeting and Exhibition: 2011 Proceedings. (pp.4556-4556).
28. Wakana S, Caprihan A, Panzenboeck MM, Fallon JH, Perry M, et al. (2007) Reproducibility of quantitative tractography methods applied to cerebral white matter. Neuroimage 36: 630-644.
29. Mori S, Oishi K, Jiang H, Jiang L, Li X, et al. (2008) Stereotaxic white matter atlas based on diffusion tensor imaging in an ICBM template. Neuroimage 40: 570-582.
30. Friston KJ, Holmes AP, Worsley KJ, Poline JB, Frith CD, et al. (1995) Statistical parametric maps in functional imaging: A general linear approach. Hum Brain Mapp 2: 189-210.
31. Jurkiewicz MT, Crawley AP, Verrier MC, Fehlings MG, Mikulis DJ, (2006) Somatosensory cortical atrophy after spinal cord injury: a voxel-based morphometry study. Neurology 66: 762-764.
32. Buss A, Pech K, Merkler D, Kakulas BA, Martin D, et al. (2005) Sequential loss of myelin proteins during Wallerian degeneration in the human spinal cord. Brain 128: 356-364.
33. Blight AR, DeCrescito V, (1986) Morphometric analysis of experimental spinal cord injury in the cat: the relation of injury intensity to survival of myelinated axons. Neuroscience 19: 321-341.
34. Blight AR, (1985) Delayed demyelination and macrophage invasion: a candidate for secondary cell damage in spinal cord injury. Cent Nerv Syst Trauma 2: 299-315.
35. Kakulas BA, (1984) Pathology of spinal injuries. Cent Nerv Syst Trauma 1: 117-129.
36. Ellingson BM, Ulmer JL, Kurpad SN, Schmit BD, (2008) Diffusion tensor MR imaging in chronic spinal cord injury. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 29: 1976-1982.
37. Petersen JA, Wilm BJ, von MJ, Schubert M, Seifert B, et al. (2011) Chronic cervical spinal cord injury: DTMRI correlates with clinical and electrophysiological measures. J Neurotrauma doi:10.1089/neu.2011.2027.
38. Ellaway PH, Kuppuswamy A, Balasubramaniam AV, Maksimovic R, Gall A, et al. (2010) Development of quantitative and sensitive assessments of physiological and functional outcome during recovery from spinal cord injury: A Clinical Initiative. Brain Res Bull 2011 Mar 10 84(4-5): 343-57.
39. Lemon RN, (2008) Descending pathways in motor control. Annu Rev Neurosci 31: 195-218.
40. Granert O, Peller M, Gaser C, Groppa S, Hallett M, et al. (2011) Manual activity shapes structure and function in contralateral human motor hand area. Neuroimage 54: 32-41.