Controlling a nanowire quantum dot band gap using a straining dielectric envelope

Nano Letters

Volumn 12, Issue 12, 2012, Pages 6206-6211

  Bouwes Bavinck, Maaike ^a   Zieliński, Michał ^b   Witek, Barbara J ^a   Zehender, Tilman ^c   Bakkers, Erik P A M ^a,c   Zwiller, Val ^a  

^a DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

^b NICOLAUS COPERNICUS UNIVERSITY   (Poland)

^c EINDHOVEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

band gap engineering; Nanowires; photoluminescence; quantum dots; strain

Indexed keywords

APPLICATION RANGE; APPLIED STRAIN; BAND GAP ENGINEERING; DEPOSITION CONDITIONS; EFFECT OF STRAIN; EMISSION WAVELENGTH; INP; NANOWIRE DEVICES; OPTICAL QUALITIES; RED AND BLUE SHIFTS; STATIC STRAIN; TIGHT-BINDING CALCULATIONS;

ENERGY GAP; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; PLASMA ENHANCED CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION; SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS; STRAIN;

NANOWIRES;

EID: 84870897411     PISSN: 15306984     EISSN: 15306992     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/nl303081m     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Jain, J. R.; Hryciw, A.; Baer, T. M.; Miller, D. A. B.; Brongersma, M. L.; Howe, R. T. A Micromachining-Based Technology for Enhancing Germanium Light Emission via Tensile Strain Nat. Photonics 2012, 6, 398-405
2. Vrijen, R.; Yablonovitch, E. A Spin-Coherent Semiconductor Photo-detector for Quantum Communication Physica E 2001, 10, 569-575
3. OReilly, E. P. Valence Band Engineering in Strained-Layer Structures Semicond. Sci. Technol. 1989, 4, 121-137
4. Montazeri, M.; Fickenscher, M.; Smith, L. M.; Jackson, H. E.; Yarrison-Rice, J.; Kang, J. H.; Gao, Q.; Tan, H. H.; Jagadish, C.; Guo, Y. Direct Measure of Strain and Electronic Structure in GaAs/GaP Core-Shell Nanowires Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 880-886
5. Li, Y.; Xiang, J.; Lieber, C. M. Nanowire Electronics and Optoelectronic Devices Mater. Today 2006, 9, 18-27
6. Liu, C. W.; Maikap, S.; Yu, C.-Y. Mobility-Enhancement Technologies IEEE Circuits Devices Mag. 2005, 21, 21-36
7. Bulgarini, G.; Reimer, M. E.; Hocevar, M.; Bakkers, P. A. M.; Kouwenhoven, L. P.; Zwiller, V. Avalanche Amplification of a Single Exciton in a Semiconductor Wire Nat. Photonics 2012, 6, 455-458
8. Borgström, M. T.; Zwiller, V.; Müller, E.; Imamoglu, A. Optically Bright Quantum Dots in Single Nanowires Nano Lett. 2005, 5, 1439-1443
9. Messing, M. E.; Wong-Leung, J.; Zanolli, Z.; Koyce, H. J.; Tan, H. H.; Gao, Q.; Wallenberg, L. R.; Johansson, J.; Jagadish, C. Growth of Straight InAs-on-GaAs Nanowire Heterostructures Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 3899-3905
10. Pistol, M.-E.; Pryor, C. E. Band Structure of Core-Shell Semiconductor Nanowires Phys. Rev. B 2008, 78, 115319
11. Trotta, R.; Atkinson, P.; Plumhof, J. D.; Zallo, E.; Rezaev, R. O.; Kumar, S.; Baunack, S.; Schröter, J. R.; Rastelli, A.; Schmidt, O. G. Nanomembrane Quantum-Light-Emitting Diodes, Integrated onto Piezoelectric Actuators Adv. Mater. 2012, 24, 2668-2672
12. Kim, H.; Shen, T. C.; Sridharan, D.; Solomon, G. S.; Waks, E. Magnetic Field Tuning of a Quantum Dot Strongly Coupled to a Photonic Crystal Cavity Appl. Phys. Lett. 2011, 98, 091102
13. Marcikic, I.; De Riedmatten, H.; Tittel, W.; Zbinden, H.; Gisin, N. Long-Distance Teleportation of Qubits at Telecommunication Wavelengths Nature 2003, 421, 509-513
14. Imamoglu, A.; Awschalom, D. D.; Burkard, G.; DiVincenzo, D. P.; Loss, D.; Sherwin, M.; Small, A. Quantum Information Processing Using Quantum Dot Spins and Cavity QED Phys. Rev. Lett. 1999, 83, 4201-4207
15. Heller, B.; Bockelmann, U.; Abstreiter, G. Electric-Field Effects on Excitons in Quantum Dots Phys. Rev. B 1998, 57, 6270-6273
16. Kim, D.; Carter, S. G.; Greilich, A.; Bracker, A. S.; Gammon, D. Ultrafast Optical Control of Entanglement between Two Quantum-Dot Spins Nat. Phys. 2011, 7, 223-229
17. Witek, B. J.; Heeres, R. W.; Perinetti, U.; Bakkers, E. P. A. M.; Kouwenhoven, L. P.; Zwiller, V. Measurement of the G-Factor Tensor in a Quantum Dot and Disentanglement of Exciton Spins Phys. Rev. B 2011, 84, 195305
18. 0.40As/ GaAs Self-Assembled Quantum Dots Phys. Rev. B 2002, 65, 41308(R)
19. Alén, B.; Bickel, F.; Karrai, K.; Warburton, R. J.; Petroff, P. M. Stark-Shift Modulation Absorption Spectroscopy of Single Quantum Dots Appl. Phys. Lett. 2003, 83, 2235-2237
20. Gywat, O.; Krenner, H. J.; Berezovsky, J. Spins in Optically Active Quantum Dots; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2010; pp 71-73.
21. Kosaka, H.; Kiselev, A. A.; Baron, F. A.; Kim, K. W.; Yablonovitch, E. Electron g-Factor in III-V Semiconductors for Quantum Communications Electron. Lett. 2001, 37, 464-465
22. Quax, G. W. W. All-Optical Control of the g-Factor in Self-Assembled (In,Ga)As/GaAs Quantum Dots, Ph.D. Thesis, Eindhoven University of Technology, September 2008; pp 25-28.
23. 0.40As/GaAs Self-Assembled Quantum Dots Phys. Rev. B 1998, 58, R7508-R7511
24. x -1As/GaAs Quantum Dots on the Applied Uniaxial Stress Phys. Rev. Lett. 2011, 107, 217402
25. Friedler, I.; Sauvan, C.; Hugonin, J. P.; Lalanne, P.; Claudon, J.; Gérard, J. M. Solid-State Single Photon Sources: The Nanowire Antenna Opt. Express 2009, 17, 2095-2110
26. Reimer, M. E.; Bulgarini, G.; Akopian, N.; Hocevar, M.; Bouwes Bavinck, M.; Verheijen, M. A.; Bakkers, E. P. A. M.; Kouwenhoven, L. P.; Zwiller, V. Bright Single-Photon Sources in Bottom-Up Tailored Nanowires Nat. Commun. 2012, 3, 737
27. Spirkoska, D.; Arbiol, J.; Gustafsson, A.; Conesa-Boj, S.; Glas, F.; Zardo, I.; Heigoldt, M.; Gass, M. H.; Bleloch, A. L.; Estrade, S. Structural and Optical Properties of High Quality Zinc-Blende/ Wurtzite Ga As Nanowire Heterostructures Phys. Rev. B 2009, 80, 245325
28. Heiss, M.; Conesa-Boj, S.; Ren, J.; Tseng, H.-H.; Gali, A.; Rudolph, A.; Uccelli, E.; Pieró, F.; Morante, J. R.; Schuh, D. Direct Correlation of Crystal Structure and Optical Properties in Wurtzite/ Zinc-Blende GaAs Nanowire Heterostructures Phys. Rev. B 2011, 83, 045303
29. Akopian, N.; Patriarche, G.; liu, L.; Harmand, J.-C.; Zwiller, V. Chrystal Phase Quantum Dots Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 1198-1201
30. Sallen, G.; Tribu, A.; Aichele, T.; André, R.; Besombes, L.; Bougerol, C.; Richard, M.; Tatarenko, S.; Kheng, K.; Poizat, J.-Ph. Subnanosecond Spectral Diffusion of a Single Quantum Dot in a Nanowire Phys. Rev. B 2011, 84, 041405(R)
31. Yeo, I.; Malik, N. S.; Munsch, M.; Dupuy, E.; Bleuse, J.; Niquet, Y.-M.; Gérard, J.-M.; Claudon, J.; Wagner, E.; Seidelin, S. Surface Effects in a Semiconductor Photonic Nanowire and Spectral Stability of an Embedded Single Quantum Dot Appl. Phys. Lett. 2011, 99, 233106
32. van Vugt, L. K.; Veen, S. J.; Bakkers, W. P. A. M.; Roest, A. L.; Vanmaekelbergh, D. Increase of the Photoluminescence Intensity of InP Nanowires by Photoassisted Surface Passivation J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 12357-12362
33. Spicer, W. E.; Lindau, I; Pianetta, P.; Chye, P. W.; Garner, C. M. Fundamental Studies of III-V Surfaces and the (III-V)-Oxide Interface Thin Solid Films 1979, 56, 1-18
34. Hartstein, A.; Young, D. R. Identification of Electron Traps in Thermal Silicon Dioxide Films Appl. Phys. Lett. 1981, 38, 631-633
35. Tarraf, A.; Daleiden, J.; Irmer, S.; Prasai, D.; Hillmer, H. Stress Investigations of PECVD Dielectric Layers for Advanced Optical MEMS J. Micromech. Microeng. 2004, 14, 317-323
36. Adams, A. C.; Alexander, F. B.; Capio, C. D.; Smith, T. E. Characterization of Plasma-Deposited Silicon Dioxide J. Electrochem. Soc. 1981, 128, 1545-1551
37. Martinu, L.; Poitras, D. Plasma Deposition of Optical Films and Coatings: A Review J. Vac. Sci. Technol., A 2000, 18, 2619-2645
38. Ding, F.; Singh, R.; Plumhof, J. D.; Zander, T.; Krápek, V.; Chen, Y. H.; Benyoucef, M.; Zwiller, V.; Do, K.; Bester, G. Tuning the Exciton Binding Energies in Single Self-Assembled InGaAs/GaAs Quantum Dots by Piezoelectric-Induced Biaxial Stress Phys. Rev. Lett. 2010, 104, 067405
39. Grundmann, M.; Stier, O.; Bimberg, D. InAs/GaAs Quantum Pyramids: Strain Distribution, Optical Phonons and Electronic Structure Phys. Rev. B 1995, 52, 11969
40. Keating, P. N. Effect of Invariance Requirements on the Elastic Strain Energy of Crystals with Application to the Diamond Structure Phys. Rev. 1966, 145, 637-645
41. Martin, R. M. Elastic Properties of ZnS Structure Semiconductors Phys. Rev. B 1970, 1, 4005-2011
42. Bryant, G. W.; Zieliński, M.; Malkova, N.; Sims, J.; Jaskolski, W.; Aizpurua, J. Effect of Mechanical Strain on the Optical Propeties of Quantum Dots: Controlling Exciton Shape, Orientation and Phase with a Mechanical Strain Phys. Rev. Lett. 2010, 105, 067404
43. Bryant, G. W.; Zieliński, M.; Malkova, N.; Sims, J.; Jaskolski, W.; Aizpurua, J. Controlling the Optics of Quantum Dots with Nanomechanical Strain Phys. Rev. B 2011, 84, 235412
44. Zanolli, Z.; Fuchs, F.; Furthmüller, J.; von Barth, U.; Bechstedt, F. Model GW Band Structure of InAs and GaAs in the Wurtzite Phase Phys. Rev. B 2007, 75, 245121
45. Kadantsev, E. S.; Zieliński, M.; Hawrylak, P. Band Engineering in Nanowires: Ab Initio Model of Band Edges Modified by (111) Biaxial Strain in Group IIIA-VA Semiconductors Phys. Rev. B 2012, 86, 085411