The root cause of the attentional blink: First-target processing or disruption of input control?

Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics

Volumn 74, Issue 8, 2012, Pages 1606-1622

  Lagroix, Hayley E P ^a   Spalek, Thomas M ^a   Wyble, Brad ^b   Jannati, Ali ^a   Di Lollo, Vincent ^a  

^a SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Attentional blink; Selective attention; Visual attention

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; ATTENTIONAL BLINK; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; PATTERN RECOGNITION; PHOTOSTIMULATION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL;

ATTENTION; ATTENTIONAL BLINK; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PATTERN RECOGNITION, VISUAL; PHOTIC STIMULATION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84870847149     PISSN: 19433921     EISSN: 1943393X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3758/s13414-012-0361-5     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Akyürek, E. G., & Hommel, B. (2005). Short-term memory and the attentional blink: Capacity versus content. Memory & Cognition, 33, 654-663.
2. Akyürek, E. G., & Hommel, B. (2006). Memory operations in rapid serial visual presentation. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 18, 520-536.
3. Akyürek, E. G., Hommel, B., & Jolicœur, P. (2007). Direct evidence for a role of working memory in the attentional blink. Memory & Cognition, 35, 621-627.
4. Anderson, J. R., & Lebiere, C. (1998). The atomic components of thought. Mahwah: Erlbaum.
5. Bowman, H., & Wyble, B. (2007). The simultaneous type, serial token model of temporal attention and working memory. Psychological Review, 114, 38-70.
6. Broadbent, D. E., & Broadbent, M. H. (1987). From detection to identification: Response to multiple targets in rapid serial visual presentation. Perception & Psychophysics, 42, 105-113.
7. Chun, M. M., & Potter, M. C. (1995). A two-stage model for multiple target detection in serial visual presentation. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 21, 109-127.
8. Colzato, L. S., Spape, M. M. A., Pannebakker, M. M., & Hommel, B. (2007). Working memory and the attentional blink: Blink size is predicted by individual differences in operation span. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14, 1051-1057.
9. Dell'Acqua, R., Jolicœur, P., Luria, R., & Pluchino, P. (2009). Reevaluating encoding-capacity limitations as a cause of the attentional blink. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 35, 338-351.
10. Di Lollo, V., Kawahara, J., Ghorashi, S. M. S., & Enns, J. T. (2005). The attentional blink: Resource depletion or temporary loss of control? Psychological Research, 69, 191-200.
11. Dux, P. E., Asplund, C. L., & Marois, R. (2008). An attentional blink for sequentially presented targets: Evidence in favor of resource depletion accounts. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 15(4), 809-813.
12. Dux, P. E., Asplund, C. L., & Marois, R. (2009). Both exogenous and endogenous target salience manipulations support resource depletion accounts of the attentional blink: A reply to Olivers, Spalek, Kawahara, and Di Lollo (2009). Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16(1), 219-224.
13. Dux, P. E., & Coltheart, V. (2005). The meaning of the mask matters: Evidence of conceptual interference in the attentional blink. Psychological Science, 16, 775-779.
14. Dux, P. E., & Marois, R. (2009). The attentional blink: A review of data and theory. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 71, 1683-1700.
15. Ghorashi, S., Enns, J. T., Spalek, T. M., & Di Lollo, V. (2009). Spatial cuing does not affect the magnitude of the attentional blink. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 71, 989-993.
16. Ghorashi, S. M. S., Zuvic, S. M., Visser, T. A. W., & Di Lollo, V. (2003). Focal distraction: Spatial shifts of attentional focus are not required for contingent capture. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 29, 78-91.
17. Giesbrecht, B., & Di Lollo, V. (1998). Beyond the attentional blink: Visual masking by object substitution. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 24, 1454-1466.
18. Grandison, T. D., Ghirardelli, T. G., & Egeth, H. E. (1997). Beyond similarity: Masking of the target is sufficient to cause the attentional blink. Perception & Psychophysics, 59, 266-274.
19. Jannati, A., Spalek, T. M., & Di Lollo, V. (2011). Neither backward masking of T2 nor task switching is necessary for the attentional blink. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 18, 70-75.
20. Jannati, A., Spalek, T. M., Lagroix, H. E. P., & Di Lollo, V. (2012). The attentional blink is not affected by backward masking of T2, T2-mask SOA, or level of T2 impoverishment. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 38, 161-168.
21. 1 decisions. Memory & Cognition, 26, 1014-1032.
22. Jolicœur, P. (1999). Concurrent response-selection demands modulate the attentional blink. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 25, 1097-1113.
23. Jolicœur, P., & Dell'Acqua, R. (1998). The demonstration of short-term consolidation. Cognitive Psychology, 36, 138-202.
24. Kanwisher, N. G. (1987). Repetition blindness: Type recognition without token individuation. Cognition, 27, 117-143.
25. Kawahara, J., Kumada, T., & Di Lollo, V. (2006). The attentional blink is governed by a temporary loss of control. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 13, 886-890.
26. Lagroix, H. E. P., Spalek, T. M., & Di Lollo, V. (2011). The role of observer strategy in the single-target AB paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 18, 917-922.
27. Martens, S., & Wyble, B. (2010). The attentional blink: Past, present, and future of a blind spot in perceptual awareness. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 34, 947-957.
28. McAuliffe, S. P., & Knowlton, B. J. (2000). Dissociating the effects of featural and conceptual interference on multiple target processing in rapid serial visual presentation. Perception & Psychophysics, 62, 187-195.
29. McLaughlin, E. N., Shore, D. I., & Klein, R. M. (2001). The attentional blink is immune to masking-induced data limits. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. A, Human Experimental Psychology, 54A, 169-196.
30. Mozer, M. C. (1989). Types and tokens in visual letter perception. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 15(2), 287-303.
31. Nieuwenstein, M. R., & Potter, M. C. (2006). Temporal limits of selection and memory encoding: A comparison of whole versus partial report in rapid serial visual presentation. Psychological Science, 17, 471-475.
32. Nieuwenstein, M. R., Potter, M. C., & Theeuwes, J. (2009a). Unmasking the attentional blink. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 35, 159-169.
33. Nieuwenstein, M. R., van der Burg, E., Theeuwes, J., Wyble, B., & Potter, M. (2009b). Temporal constraints on conscious vision: On the ubiquitous nature of the attentional blink. Journal of Vision, 9, 1-14.
34. Olivers, C. N. L., Hulleman, J., Spalek, T. M., Kawahara, J.-I., & Di Lollo, V. (2011). The sparing is far from spurious: Reevaluating within-trial contingency effects in the attentional blink. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 37(2), 396-408.
35. Olivers, C. N. L., & Meeter, M. (2008). A boost and bounce theory of temporal attention. Psychological Research, 115, 836-863.
36. Olivers, C. N. L., Spalek, T. M., Kawahara, J.-I., & Di Lollo, V. (2009). The attentional blink: Increasing target salience provides no evidence for resource depletion. A commentary on Dux, Asplund, and Marois (2008). Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16(1), 214-218.
37. Olivers, C. N. L., van der Stigchel, S., & Hulleman, J. (2007). Spreading the sparing: Against a limited-capacity account of the attentional blink. Psychological Research, 71, 126-139.
38. Olson, I. R., Chun, M. M., & Anderson, A. K. (2001). Effects of phonological length on the attentional blink for words. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 27, 1116-1123.
39. Ouimet, C., & Jolicœur, P. (2007). Beyond task 1 difficulty: The duration of T1 encoding modulates the attentional blink. Visual Cognition, 15, 290-304.
40. Phillips, W. A., & Singer, W. (1974). Function and interaction of ON and OFF transients in vision: I. Psychophysics. Experimental Brain Research, 19, 493-506.
41. Potter, M. C., & Levy, E. I. (1969). Recognition memory for a rapid sequence of pictures. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 81, 10-15.
42. Potter, M. C., Nieuwenstein, M., & Strohminger, N. (2008). Whole report versus partial report in RSVP sentences. Journal of Memory and Language, 58, 907-915.
43. Raymond, J. E., Shapiro, K. L., & Arnell, K. M. (1992). Temporal suppression of visual processing in an RSVP task: An attentional blink? Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 18, 849-860.
44. Seiffert, A. E., & Di Lollo, V. (1997). Low-level masking in the attentional blink. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 23, 1061-1073.
45. Shapiro, K. L., Raymond, J. E., & Arnell, K. M. (1994). Attention to visual pattern information produces the attentional blink in rapid serial visual presentation. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 20, 357-371.
46. Smallwood, J., & Schooler, J. W. (2006). The restless mind. Psychological Bulletin, 132, 946-958.
47. Spencer, T. J., & Shuntich, R. (1970). Evidence for an interruption theory of backward masking. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 85, 198-203.
48. Taatgen, N. A., Juvina, I., Schipper, M., Borst, J. P., & Martens, S. (2009). Too much control can hurt: A threaded cognition model of the attentional blink. Cognitive Psychology, 59, 1-29.
49. Taylor, M. M., & Creelman, C. D. (1967). PEST: Efficient estimates on probability functions. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 41, 782-787.
50. Visser, T. A. W. (2007). Masking T1 difficult: Processing time and the attentional blink. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 33, 285-297.
51. Visser, T. A. W., Bischof, W. F., & Di Lollo, V. (2004). Rapid serial visual distraction: Task-irrelevant items can produce an attentional blink. Perception & Psychophysics, 66, 1418-1432.
52. Wald, A. (1947). Sequential analysis. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
53. Ward, R., Duncan, J., & Shapiro, K. (1996). The slow time-course of visual attention. Cognitive Psychology, 30, 79-109.
54. Ward, R., Duncan, J., & Shapiro, K. (1997). Effects of similarity, difficulty, and nontarget presentation on the time course of visual attention. Perception & Psychophysics, 59, 593-600.
55. Wyble, B., Bowman, H., & Nieuwenstein, M. (2009). The attentional blink provides episodic distinctiveness: Sparing at a cost. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 35, 787-807.
56. Wyble, B., Potter, M. C., Bowman, H., & Nieuwenstein, M. (2011). Attentional episodes in visual perception. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 140(3), 488-505.