Immunolocalization of keratin-associated beta-proteins in developing epidermis of lizard suggests that adhesive setae contain glycine-cysteine-rich proteins

Journal of Morphology

Volumn 274, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 97-107

  Alibardi, Lorenzo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Adhesive setae; Beta proteins; Embryonic epidermis; Lizard; Ultrastructural immunocytochemistry

Indexed keywords

BETA KERATIN; CYSTEINE; GLYCINE; KERATIN; REPTILIAN PROTEIN;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; EPIDERMIS; HISTOLOGY; LIZARD; METABOLISM; PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT; REGENERATION; SENSILLUM; ULTRASTRUCTURE;

ANIMALS; BETA-KERATINS; CYSTEINE; EPIDERMIS; GLYCINE; KERATINS; LIZARDS; REGENERATION; REPTILIAN PROTEINS; SENSILLA;

ANOLIS LINEATOPUS; SQUAMATA;

EID: 84870783074     PISSN: 03622525     EISSN: 10974687     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20081     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Alibardi L. 1995. Scale morphogenesis during embryonic development in the lizard Anolis lineatopus. J Anat 188: 713-725.
2. Alibardi L. 1996. Differentiation of the epidermis during scale formation in embryos of lizard. J Anat 192: 173-186.
3. Alibardi L. 1997. Ultrastructural and autoradiographical analysis of setae development in the embryonic pad lamellae of the lizard Anolis lineatopus. Ann Sci Nat (Paris) 18: 51-61.
4. Alibardi L. 1998a. Glycogen distribution in relation to epidermal cell differentiation during embryonic scale morphogenesis in the lizard Anolis lineatopus. Acta Zool 79: 91-100.
5. Alibardi L. 1998b. Morphogenesis of the digital pad lamellae in the embryo of the lizard Anolis lineatopus. J Zool (London) 243: 47-55.
6. Alibardi L. 2009a. Embryonic keratinization in vertebrates in relation to land colonization. Acta Zool 90: 1-17.
7. Alibardi L. 2009b. Cell Biology of adhesive setae in gecko lizards. Zoology 112: 403-424.
8. Alibardi L. 2000. Immunolocalization of keratin associated beta-proteins (beta-keratins) in the regenerating lizard epidermis indicates a new process for the differentiation of the epidermis in lepidosaurians. J Morphol (in press).
9. Alibardi L, Toni M. 2006. Cytochemical, biochemical and molecular aspects of the process of keratinization in the epidermis of reptilian scales. Prog Histochem Cytochem 40: 73-134.
10. Alibardi L, Toni M. 2007. Beta keratins of reptilian epidermis share a conserved common epitope termed the core-box. Res J Biol Sci 2: 329-339.
11. Alibardi L, Segalla A, Dalla Valle L. 2000. Distribution of specific keratin associated beta-proteins (beta-keratins) in the epidermis of the lizard Anolis carolinensis clarifies the process of cornification in lepidosaurians. J Exp Zool B (in press).
12. Autumn K, Peattie AM. 2002. Mechanisms of adhesion in geckoes. Integr Comp Biol 42: 1081-1090.
13. Baden HP, Maderson PFA. 1970 Morphological and biophysical identification of fibrous proteins in the amniote epidermis. J Exp Zool 174: 225-232.
14. Dalla Valle L, Toffolo V, Belvedere P, Alibardi L. 2005. Isolation of a mRNA encoding a glycine-proline-rich beta-keratin expressed in the regenerating epidermis of lizard. Dev Dyn 234: 934-947.
15. Dalla Valle L, Nardi A, Toffolo V, Niero C, Toni M, Alibardi L. 2007a. Cloning and characterization of scale beta-keratins in the differentiating epidermis of geckos show they are glycine-proline-serine-rich proteins with a central motif homologous to avian beta-keratins. Dev Dyn 236: 374-388.
16. Dalla Valle L, Nardi A, Belvedere P, Toni M, Alibardi L. 2007b. Beta-keratins of differentiating epidermis of snake comprise glycine-proline-serine-rich proteins with an avian-like gene organization. Dev Dyn 236: 1939-1953.
17. Dalla Valle L, Nardi A, Alibardi L. 2009. Isolation of a new class of cysteine-glycine-proline rich beta-proteins (beta-keratins) and their expression in snake epidermis. J Anat 216: 356-367.
18. Dalla Valle L, Nardi, A, Bonazza, G, Zuccal, C, Emeera, D, Alibardi, L. 2010a. Forty keratin-associated β-proteins (β-keratins) form the hard layers of scales, claws and adhesive pads in the green anole lizard, Anolis carolinensis. J Exp Zool 314B: 11-32.
19. Dalla Valle L, Benato F, Rossi C, Alibardi L, Tschachler E, Eckhart L. 2010b. Deleterious mutations of a claw keratin in multiple taxa of reptiles. J Mol Evol 72: 265-273.
20. Dufaure JP, Hubert J. 1961. Table de developpement du lezard vivipare: Lacerta (Zooteca) vivipara Jacquin. Arch Anat Microsc Morphol Exp 50: 309-327.
21. Fraser RD, Parry DA. 1996. The molecular structure of reptilian keratin. Int J Biol Macromol 19: 207-211.
22. Fraser RDB, MacRae TP, Rogers GE. 1972. Keratins: Their Composition, Structure and Biosynthesis. Springfield, IL, USA: Charles C. Thomas.
23. Fuchs E. 1990. Epidermal differentiation: the bare essentials. J Cell Biol 111: 2807-2814.
24. Hallahan DL, Keiper-Hrynko NM, Shang TQ, Ganzke TS, Toni M, Dalla Valle L, Alibardi L. 2008. Analysis of gene expression in gecko digital adhesive pads indicates significant production of cysteine- and glycine-rich beta-keratins. J Exp Zool 312B: 58-73.
25. Huber G, Mantz H, Spolenak R, Mecke K, Jacobs K, Gorb SN, Arzt E. 2005. Evidence for capillarity contributions to gecko adhesion from single spatula nanomechanical measurements. PNAS 102: 16293-16296.
26. Kalinin AE, Kajava AV, Steinert PM. 2002. Epithelial barrier function: assembly and structural features of the cornified cell envelope. BioEssays 24: 789-800.
27. Landmann L. 1986. The skin of reptiles: Epidermis and dermis. In: Bereiter-Hahn J, Matoltsy AG, Sylvia-Richards K, editors. Biology of the Integument, Vertebrates. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer Verlag. pp 150-187.
28. Lillywhite HB, Maderson PFA. 1968. Histological changes in the epidermis of the subdigital lamellae of Anolis carolinensis during the shedding cycle. J Morphol 125: 379-402.
29. Maderson PFA. 1970. Lizard glands and lizard hands: Models for evolutionary study. Forma Functio 3: 179-204.
30. Maderson PFA. 1985. Some developmental problems of the reptilian integument. In: Gans C, Billett F, Maderson PFA, editors. Biology of the Reptilia, Vol. 14. New York: Wiley. pp 525-598.
31. Maderson PF, Flaxman BA, Roth SI, Szabo G. 1972. Ultrastructural contribution to the identification of cell types in the lizard epidermal generation. J Morphol 136: 191-209.
32. Maderson PFA, Rabinowitz T, Tandler B, Alibardi L. 1998. Ultrastructural contributions to an understanding of the cellular mechanisms involved in lizard skin shedding with comments on the function and evolution of a unique lepidosaurian phenomenon. J Morphol 236: 1-24.
33. Pesika NS, Zeng H, Kristiansen K, Zhao B, Tian Y, Autumn K, Israelachvili J. 2009. Gecko adhesion pad: A smart surface? JPhys Condens Matter 21: 1-6.
34. Puthoff JB, Prowse MS, Wilkinson M, Autumn K. 2010. Changes in material properties explain the effects of humidity on gecko adhesion. J Exp Biol 213: 3699-3704.
35. Powell BC, Rogers GE. 1994. Differentiation in hard keratin tissues: Hair and related structures. In: Leigh I, Lane B, Watt F., editors. The Keratinocyte Handbook. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp 401-436.
36. Rizzo NW, Gardner KH, Walls DJ, Keiper-Hrynko NM, Ganzke TS, Hallahan DL. 2006. Characterization of the structure and composition of gecko adhesive setae. J R Soc Interface 3: 441-451.
37. Rogers GE. 2004. Hair follicle differentiation and regulation. Int J Dev Biol 48: 163-170.
38. Rogers MA, Langbein L, Praetzel-Wunder S, Winter H, Schweizer J. 2006. Human hair keratin-associated proteins (KAPs). Int Rev Cytol 251: 209-263.
39. Ruibal R, Ernst V. 1965. The structure of the digital setae of lizards. J Morphol 117: 271-293.
40. Sawyer RH, Glenn T, French JO, Mays B, Shames RB, Barnes GL, Rhodes W, Ishikawa Y. 2000. The expression of beta (b) keratins in the epidermal appendages of reptiles and birds. Am Zool 40: 530-539.
41. Steinert PM, Freedberg IM. 1991. Molecular and cellular biology of keratins. In: Goldsmith LA, editor. Physiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular biology of the Skin, Vol. 1. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp 113-147.
42. Toni M, Dalla Valle L, Alibardi L. 2007. The epidermis of scales in gecko lizards contains multiple forms of beta-keratins including basic glycine proline serine rich proteins. J Prot Res 6: 1792-1805.
43. Wyld JA, Brush AH. 1983. Keratin diversity in the reptilian epidermis. J Exp Zool 225: 387-396.