Non-human genetics, agricultural origins and historical linguistics in South Asia

Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology

Volumn , Issue 9781402055614, 2007, Pages 393-443

  Fuller, Dorian Q ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Agricultural origin; Archaeobotanical evidence; Edible fruit; Water buffalo; Wild progenitor

Indexed keywords

EID: 84870575339     PISSN: 18779077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-5562-5_18     Document Type: Chapter

References (246)

1. Allchin, B., Allchin, F.R., 1982. The Rise of Civilization in India and Pakistan. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
2. Allchin, B., Allchin, F.R., 1995. Rock art of north Karnataka. Bulletin of the Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute 54–55, 313–339.
3. Allchin, F.R., 1963. Neolithic Cattle Keepers of South India. A Case Study of the Deccan Ashmounds. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
4. Allchin, F.R., Allchin, B., 1974. Some new thoughts on Indian cattle. In: van Lohuizen-de Leeuw, J.E., Ubaghs, J.N. (Eds.), South Asian Archaeology 1973. E.J. Brill, Leiden, pp. 71–77.
5. Ammerman, A.J., Cavalli-Sfroza, L., 1971. Measuring the rate of spread of early farming in Europe. Man (n.s.) 76, 674–688.
6. Asouti, E., Fuller, D.Q., 2006. Trees and Woodlands in South India: An Archaeological Perspective. UCL Press, London.
7. Asouti, E., Fuller, D.Q., Korisettar, R., 2005. Vegetation context and wood exploitation in the southern Neolithic: preliminary evidence from wood charcoals. In: Franke-Vogt, U., Weisshaar, J. (Eds.), South Asian Archaeology 2003. Proceedings of the European Association for South Asian Archaeology Conference, Bonn, Germany, 7th - 11th July 2003. Linden Soft, Aachen, pp. 336–340.
8. Bedigian, D., 2004. History and lore of sesame in southwest Asia. Economic Botany 58(3), 330–353.
9. Behera, P.K., 2002. Khameswaripali: a protohistoric site in the middle Mahanadi Valley, Orissa: results of first season (1996–97) excavation. In: Sengupta, G., Panja, S. (Eds.), Archaeology of Eastern India: New Perspectives. Jayasree Press, Kolkata, pp. 487–514.
10. Bellwood, P., 1996. The origins and spread of agriculture in the Indo-Pacific region: gradualism, diffusion or revolution and colonization. In: Harris, D.R. (Ed.), The Origins and Spread of Agriculture and Pastoralism in Eurasia. UCL Press, London, pp. 465–498.
11. Bellwood, P., 1997. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian archipelago. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu.
12. Bellwood, P., 2001. Early agriculturalist population diasporas? Farming, languages and genes. Annual Review of Anthropology 30, 181–207.
13. Bellwood, P., 2005. First Farmers: The Origins of Agricultural Societies. Blackwell, Oxford.
14. Bhattacharya, S., 1975. Studies in Comparative Munda Linguistics. Indian Institute for Advanced Study, Simla.
15. Blazek, V., 1999. Elam: abridge between Ancient Near East and Dravidian India? In: Blench, R., Spriggs, M. (Eds.), Archaeology and Language IV. Routledge, London, pp. 48–78.
16. Blench, R., 1999. Language phyla of the Indo-Pacific region: recent research and classification. Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association 18, 59–76.
17. Blench, R., MacDonald, K.C., 2000. Chickens (II.G.6). In: Kiple, K.F., Ornelas, K.C. (Eds.), The Cambridge World History of Food. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 496–499.
18. Blench, R.M., 2004. Archaeology and language: methods and issues. In: Bintliff, J. (Ed.), Blackwell’s Companion to Archaeology. Blackwell, Oxford, 52–74.
19. Blench, R.M., 2005. From the mountains to the valleys: understanding ethnoliguistic geography in Southeast Asia. In: Blench, R.M., Sagart, L., Sanchez-Mazas, A. (Eds.), Perspectives in the Phylogeny of East Asian Languages. Curzon Press, London, pp. 31–50.
20. Blench, R.M., Spriggs, M., 1999. General introduction. In: Blench, R.M., Spriggs, M. (Eds.), Archaeology and Language IV. Routledge, London, pp. 1–20.
21. Blust, R., 1996a. Austronesian culture history: the windows of language. In: Goodenough, W. H.(Ed.), Prehistoric Settlement of the Pacific. American Philosophical Society, Philadephia, pp. 28–35.
22. Blust, R., 1996b. Beyond the Austronesian homeland: the Austric hypothesis and its implications for archaeology. In: Goodenough, W.H. (Ed.), Prehistoric Settlement of the Pacific. American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, pp. 117–160.
23. Bogaard, A., 2004. Neolithic Farming in Central Europe. Routledge, London.
24. Bradley, D.G., Loftus, R., Cunningham, P., MacHugh, D.E., 1998. Genetics and domestic cattle origins. Evolutionary Anthropology 6, 79–86.
25. Burrow, T., Emeneau, M.B., 1984. A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
26. Chang, K.-C., 1986. The Archaeology of China. Yale University Press, New Haven.
27. Chang, T.T., 1989. Domestication and spread of the cultivated rices. In: Harris, D.R., Hillman, G.C. (Eds.), Foraging and Farming: The Evolution of Plant Exploitation. Unwin, London, pp. 408–417.
28. Chang, T.T., 1995. Rice. In: Smartt, J., Simmonds, N.W. (Eds), Evolution of Crop Plants. Longman Scientific, Essex, pp. 147–155.
29. Chang, T.T., 2000. Rice (II.A.7). In: Kiple, K.F., Ornelas, K.C. (Eds.), The Cambridge World History of Food. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 132–149.
30. Charles, M.P., 2006. East of Eden? A consideration of the Neolithic crop spectra in the eastern Fertile Crescent and beyond. In: Colledge, S., Conolly, J. (Eds.), The Origins and Spread of Domestic Plants in Southwest Asia and Europe. UCL Press, London.
31. Chattopadyaya, U.C., 1996. Settlement pattern and the spatial organization of subsistence and mortuary practices in the Mesolithic Ganges Valley, North-Central India. World Archaeology 27, 461–476.
32. Chattopadyaya, U.C., 2002. Researches in archaeozoology of the Holocene period (including the Harappan Tradition in India and Pakistan). In: Settar, S., Korisettar, R. (Eds.), Indian Archae- ology in Retrospect, Volume III. Archaeology and Interactive Disciplines. Manohar, New Delhi, pp. 365–422.
33. Chen, W.-B., Nakamura, I., Sato, Y.-I., Nakai, H., 1993a. Distribution of deletion type in cpDNA of cultivated and wild rice. Japanese Journal of Genetics 68, 597–603.
34. Chen, W.-B., Nakamura, I., Sato, Y.-I., Nakai, H., 1993b. Indica and Japonica differentiation in Chinese landraces. Euphytica 74(3), 195–201
35. Cheng, C., Motohashi, R., Tchuchimoto, S., Fukuta, Y., Ohtsubo, H., Ohtsubo, E., 2003. Polyphyletic origin of cultivated rice: based on the inter-spersion patterns of SINEs. Molecular Biology and Evolution 20, 67–75.
36. Clarke, G.D., Khanna, G.S., 1989. The site of Kunjhun II, Middle Son Valley, and its relevance for the Neolithic of Central India. In: Kenoyer, J.M. (Ed.), Old Problems and New Perspectives in the Archaeology of South Asia. Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, pp. 29–46.
37. Cohen, D.J., 1998. The origins of domesticated cereals and the Pleistocene-Holocene transition in East Asia. The Review of Archaeology 19, 22–29.
38. Cohen, D.J., 2002. New perspectives on the transition to agriculture in China. In: Yasuda, Y. (Ed.), The Origins of Pottery and Agriculture. Lustre Press and Roli Books, New Delhi, pp. 217–227.
39. Cohen, M.N., 1991. Health and the Rise of Civilization. Yale University Press, New Haven.
40. Colledge, S., Conolly, J., 2002. Early Neolithic agriculture in Southwest Asia and Europe: reexamining the archaeobotanical evidence. Archaeology International 5, 44–46.
41. Committee, S., C.R.P. 1962. The test excavation of Guang Fu Lin Neolithic site at Songjia county of Shanghai. Kao Gu (archaeology), 9.
42. Conningham, R., Sutherland, 1998. Dwellings or granaries? The pit phenomenon of the Kashmir-Swat Neolithic. Man and Environment 22, 29–34.
43. Cooke, M., Fuller, D.Q., Rajan, K., 2005. Early Historic agriculture in southern Tamil Nadu: archaeobotanical research at Mangudi, Kodumanal and Perur. In: Franke-Vogt, U., Weisshaar, J. (Eds.), South Asian Archaeology 2003. Proceedings of the European Association for South Asian Archaeology Conference, Bonn, Germany, 7th – 11th July 2003. Linden Soft, Aachen, pp. 341–350.
44. Costantini, L., 1979. Plant remains at Pirak. In: Jarrige, J.-F., Saontoni, M. (Eds.), Fouilles de Pirak, Volume 1. Difussion de Boccard, Paris, pp. 326–333.
45. Costantini, L., 1983. The beginning of agriculture in the Kachi Plain: the evidence of Mehrgarh. In Allchin, B. (Ed.), South Asian Archaeology 1981. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 29–33.
46. Costantini, L., 1987. Appendix B. Vegetal remains. In: Stacul, G. (Ed.), Prehistoric and Protohistoric Swat, Pakistan. Instituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Orientale, Rome, pp. 155–165.
47. Costantini, L., Biasini, L.C., 1985. Agriculture in Baluchistan between the 7th and 3rd Millenium B.C. Newsletter of Baluchistan Studies 2, 16–37.
48. Crawford, G., Shen, C., 1998. The origins of rice agriculture: recent progress in East Asia, Antiquity 72, 858–866.
49. Crawford, G., 2006. East Asian plant domestication. In: Stark, M. (Ed.) Archaeology of Asia. Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 77–95.
50. Crowley, T., 1997. An Introduction to Historical Linguistics. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
51. Decker-Walters, D.S., 1999. Cucurbits, Sanskrit, and the Indo-Aryans. Economic Botany 53(1), 98–112.
52. Deshpande, M.M., 1995. Vedic aryans, non-Vedic aryans, and non-Aryans: judging the linguistics evidence of the Veda. In: Erdosy, G. (Ed.), The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia. Language Material Culture and Ethnicity. Walter de Gruyte, Berlin, pp. 67–84.
53. Diamond, J., Bellwood, P., 2003. Farmers and their languages: the first expansions. Science 300, 597–603.
54. Diffloth, G., 2005. Austroasiatic languages. In Encyclopedia Britannica, 2005 online edition, retrieved from 10 July 2005 from http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9109792.
55. Donegan, P., Stampe, D., 2004. Rhythm and the synthetic drift of Munda. In: Singh, R. (Ed.), The Yearbook of South Asian Languages and Linguistics 2004. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, pp. 3–36.
56. Ehret, C., 1988. Language change and the material correlates of language and ethnic shift. Antiquity 62, 564–74.
57. Elfenbein, J., 1987. A periplus of the ‘Brahui Problem’. Studia Iranica 16, 215–233.
58. Elfenbein, J., 1998. Brahui. In: Steever, S.B. (Ed.), The Dravidian Languages. Routledge, London, pp. 388–414.
59. Emeneau, M.B., 1997. Linguistics and botany in the Nilgiris. In: Hoskins, P. (Ed.), Blue Mountains Revisited: Cultural Studies on the Nilgiri Hills. Oxford University Press, New Delhi, pp. 74–105.
60. Endicott, P., Metspalu, M., Kivisild, T., 2007. Genetic evidence on modern human dispersals in South Asia: Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA perspectives. In: Petraglia, M.D., Allchin, B. (Eds.), The Evolution and History of Human Populations in South Asia: Inter-disciplinary Studies in Archaeology, Biological Anthropology, Linguistics and Genetics. Springer, Netherlands, pp. 229–244.
61. Fairservis, W.A., Southworth, F., 1989. Linguistic archaeology and the Indus Valley Culture. In: Kenoyer, J.M. (Ed.), Old Problems and New Perspectives in the Archaeology of South Asia. Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, pp. 133–141.
62. Fuchs, S., 1973. The Aboriginal Tribes of India. Macmillan Press, Madras/London.
63. Fuller, D.Q., 2001. Harappan seeds and agriculture: some considerations. Antiquity 75, 410–413.
64. Fuller, D.Q., 2002. Fifty years of archaeobotanical studies in India: laying a solid foundation, In: Settar, S., Korisettar, R. (Eds.), Indian Archaeology in Retrospect, Volume III. Archaeology and Interactive Disciplines. Manohar, Delhi, pp. 247–363.
65. Fuller, D.Q., 2003a. An agricultural perspective on Dravidian historical linguistics: archaeological crop packages, livestock and Dravidian crop vocabulary. In: Bellwood, P., Renfrew, C. (Eds.), Examining the Farming/Language Dispersal Hypothesis. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge, pp. 191–213.
66. Fuller, D.Q., 2003b. Indus and non-Indus agricultural traditions: local developments and crop adoptions on the Indian peninsula. In: Weber, S.A., Belcher, W.R. (Eds.), Indus Ethnobiology. New Perspectives from the Field. Lexington Books, Lanham, pp. 343–396.
67. Fuller, D.Q., 2003c. African crops in prehistoric South Asia: a critical review. In: Neumann, K., Butler, A., Kahlheber, S. (Eds.), Food, Fuel and Fields: Progress in African Archaeobotany. Heinrich-Barth Institut, Köln, pp. 239–271.
68. Fuller, D.Q., 2003d. Further evidence on the prehistory of sesame. Asian Agri-History 7(2), 127–137.
69. Fuller, D.Q., 2006. Dung mounds and domesticators: early cultivation and pastoralism in Karnataka. In: Jarrige, C., Lefèvre, V. (Eds.), South Asian Archaeology 2001, Volume I. Prehistory. Éditions Recherche sur les Civilisations, Paris, pp. 117–127.
70. Fuller, D.Q., Boivin, N.L., 2005. From domestic economy to political economy: a framework for thinking about changes in artefacts and agriculture in prehistoric South India. Paper presented at the Bienneal Conference of the European Association of South Asian Archaeology, London, July, 2005.
71. Fuller, D.Q., Boivin, N.L., Korisettar, R., 2007. Dating the Neolithic of south India: new radiometirc evidence for key economic, social and ritual transformations. Antiquity, in press.
72. Fuller, D.Q., Harvey, E.L., 2006. The archaeobotany of Indian pulses: identification, processing and evidence for domestication. Environmental Archaeology, in press.
73. Fuller, D.Q., Korisettar, R., 2004. The vegetational context of early agriculture in South India. Man and Environment 29, 7–27.
74. Fuller, D.Q., Korisettar, R., Venkatasubbaiah, P.C., Jones, M.K., 2004. Early plant domestications in southern India: some preliminary archaeobotanical results. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 13, 115–129.
75. Fuller, D.Q., Madella, M., 2001. Issues in Harappan archaeobotany: retrospect and prospect. In: Settar, S., Korisettar, R. (Eds.), Indian Archaeology in Retrospect, Vol. II. Protohistory. Manohar, New Delhi, 317–390.
76. Fuller, D.Q., Korisettar, R., Venkatasubbaiah, P.C., 2001a. Southern Neolithic cultivation systems: a reconstruction based on archaeobotanical evidence. South Asian Studies 17, 171–187.
77. Fuller, D.Q., Venkatasubbaiah, P.C., Korisettar, R., 2001b.Thebeginningsof agricultureintheKunderu River Basin: evidence from archaeological survey and archaeobotany. Puratattva 31, 1–8.
78. Thompson, G.B.T., 1996. The Excavations of Khok Phanom Di: A Prehistoric Site in Central Thailand. Volume IV: Subsistence and Environment: The Botanical Evidence. Oxbow Books, Oxford.
79. Gadgil, M., Joshi, N.V., Shambu Prasad, U.V., Manoharan, S., Patil, S. 1998. Peopling of India. In: Balasubramanian, D., Appaji Rao, N. (Eds.), The Indian Human Heritage. Universities Press, Hyderabad, pp. 100–129.
80. Garrard, A., 2000. Charting the emergence of cereal and pulse domestication in South-West Asia. Environmental Archaeology 4, 67–86.
81. Glover, I.C., Higham, C.F.W., 1996. New evidence for early rice cultivation in South, Southeast and East Asia. In: Harris, D.R. (Ed.), The Origins and Spread of Agriculture and Pastoralism in Eurasia. UCL Press, London, pp. 413–441.
82. Grove, C.P., 1985. On the agriotypes of domestic cattle and pigs in the Indo-Pacific region. In: Misra, V.N., Bellwood, P. (Eds.) Recent Advances in Indo-Pacific Prehistory. Oxford and IBH, New Delhi, pp. 429–438.
83. Harlan, J.R., 1971. Agricultural origins: centers and noncenters. Science 174, 468–474.
84. Harris, D.R., 1998a. The origins of agriculture in Southwest Asia. The Review of Archaeology 19, 5–11.
85. Harris, D.R., 1998b. The spread of Neolithic agriculture from the Levant to Western Central Asia, In: Damania, A.D., Valkoun, J., Willcox, G., Qualset, C.O. (Eds.), The Origins of Agriculture and Crop Domestication. Proceedings of the Harlan Symposium 10–14 May 1997, Aleppo, Syria. International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Alllepo, pp. 65–82
86. Harvey, E., Fuller, D.Q., 2005. Investigating crop processing through phytolith analysis: the case of rice and millets. Journal of Archaeological Science 32, 739–752.
87. Harvey, E., Fuller, D.Q., Basa, K.K., Mohanty, R., Mohanta, B., 2006. Early agriculture in Orissa: some archaeobotanical results and field observations on the Neolithic. Man and Environment, 30, in press.
88. Harvey, E., Fuller, D.Q., Pal, J.N., Gupta, M.C., 2005. Early agriculture of Neolithic Vindyhas (North-Central India). In: Franke-Vogt, U., Weisshaar, J. (Eds.), South Asian Archaeology 2003. Proceedings of the European Association for South Asian Archaeology Conference, Bonn, Germany, 7th - 11th July 2003. Lindin Soft, Aachen, pp. 329–334.
89. Hiendleder, S., Kaupe, B., Wassmuth, R., Janke, A., 2002. Molecular analysis of wild and domestic sheep questions current nomenclature and provides evidence for domestication from two different subspecies. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 269, 893–904.
90. Higham, C.F.W., 1998. Archaeology, linguistics and the expansion of the Southeast Asian Neolithic. In: Blench, R., Spriggs, M. (Eds.), Archaeology and Language II. Routledge, London, pp. 103–114.
91. Higham, C.F.W., 2003. Languages and farming dispersals: Austroasiatic languages and rice cultivation. In: Renfrew, C., Bellwood, P. (Eds.) Examining the Farming/Language Dispersal Hypothesis. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge, pp. 223–232.
92. Higham, C.F.W., Thosarat, R., 1998. Prehistoric Thailand: From early settlement to Sukothai. River Books, Bangkok.
93. Hillman, G.C., 2000. Abu Hireyra 1: The Epipalae-olithic. In: Moore, A.M.T., Hillman, G.C., Legge, A.J. (Eds.), Village on the Euphrates: From Foraging to Farming at Abu Hureyra. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 327–398.
94. Hillman, G.C., Hedges, R., Moore, A.M.T., Colledge, S., Pettitt, P., 2001. New evidence of Late Glacial cereal cultivation at Abu Hureyra on the Euphrates. The Holocene 11, 383–393.
95. Hillman, G.C., Mason, S., de Moulins, D., Nesbitt, M., 1996. Identification of archaeological remains of wheat: the 1992 London Workshop. Circaea 12, 195–209.
96. Hoffpauir, R., 2000. Water Buffalo, (II.G.23). In: Kiple, K. F. and Ornelas, K. C. (Eds.), The Cambridge world history of food. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 583–607.
97. James, H.V.A., Petraglia, M.D., 2005. Modern human origins and the evolution of behavior in the Later Pleistocene record of South Asia. Current Anthropology 46(S5), S3–S28.
98. Jarrige, J.-F., 1985. Continuity and change in the North Kachi Plain (Baluchistan, Pakistan) at the beginning of the second millennium BC. In: Schotmans, J., M. Taddei, M. (Eds.), South Asian Archaeology 1983. Instituto Universitario Orientale, Dipartimento di Studi Asicatici, Naples, pp. 35–68.
99. Jarrige, J.-F., 1987. Problèmes de datation du site néolithique de Mehrgarh, Baluchistan, Pakistan. In: Aurenche, O., Evin, J., Hours, F. (Eds.), Chronologies du Proche Orient/Chronologies in the Near East: Relative Chronologies and Absolute Chronology 16,000–4,000 B.P. British Archaeological Reports International Series 379, Oxford, pp. 381–386.
100. Jarrige, J.-F., 1997. From Nausharo to Pirak: continuity and change in the Kachi/Bolan region from 3rd to 2nd Millennium BC. In: Allchin, R., Allchin, B. (Eds.), South Asian Archaeology 1995. Oxford-IBH, New Delhi, pp. 35–68.
101. Jarrige, J.-F., Jarrige, C., Quivron, G., 2006. Mehrgarh Neolithic: the updated sequence. In: Jarrige, C., Lefèvre, V. (Eds.), South Asian Archaeology 2001. Éditions Recherche sur les Civilisations, Paris, pp. 129–142.
102. Joglekar, P.P., 2004. Animal economy at Lahuradewa, preliminary results. Paper presented at the Indian Archaeological Society and Indian Society for Quaternary Science and Preshitoric Studies annual conference, Lucknow, December 2004.
103. Joglekar, P.P., Thomas, P.K., 1993. Faunal diversity at Walki: a small Chalcolithic settlement in western Maharashtra. Bulletin of the Deccan College PostGraduate and Research Institute 53, 75–94.
104. Kajale, M.D., 1979. On the occurrence of ancient agricultural patterns during the Chalcolithic periods (c. 1600–1000 BC) at Apegaon, District Aurangabad in central Godavari valley, Maharashtra. In: Deo, S.B., Dhavalikar, M.K., Ansari, Z.D. (Eds.), Apegaon Excavations. Deccan College, Pune, pp. 50–56.
105. Kajale, M.D., 1988. Plant economy. In: Dhavalikar, M.K., Sankalia, H.D., Ansari, Z.D. (Eds.), Excavations at Inamgaon. Deccan College Postgraduate and Research Institute, Pune, pp. 727–821.
106. Kajale, M.D., 1989. Archaeobotanical investigation on Megalithic Bhagimohari, and its significance. Man and Environment 13, 87–96.
107. Kajale, M.D., 1990. Observations on the plant remains from excavation at Chalcolithic Kaothe, District Dhule, Maharashtra with cautionary remarks on their interpretations. In: Dhavalikar, M.K., Shinde, V.S., Atre, S.M. (Eds.), Excavations at Kaothe. Deccan College, Pune, pp. 265–280.
108. Kajale, M.D., 1991. Current status of Indian palaeoethnobotany: introduced and indigenous food plants with a discussion of the historical and evolutionary development of Indian agriculture and agricultural systems in general. In: Renfrew, C. (Ed.), New Light on Early Farming – Recent Developments in Palaeoethnobotany. Edinburgh University Press., Edinburgh, pp. 155–189.
109. Kajale, M.D., 1994. Archaeobotanical investigations on a multicultural site at Adam, Maharashtra, with special reference to the development of tropical agriculture in arts of India. In: Hather, J. (Ed.), Tropical Archaeobotany: Applications and New Developments. Routledge, London, pp. 34–50.
110. Kajale, M.D., 1996. Palaeobotanical investigations at Balathal: preliminary results. Man and Environment 21, 98–102.
111. Kar, S.K., 1995. Further exploration at Golpalpur, Orissa. Puratattva 26, 105–106.
112. Kar, S.K., 2000. Gopalpur; A Neolithic-Chalcolithic site in coastal Orissa. In: Basa, K.K., Mohanty, P. (Eds.), Archaeology of Orissa. Pratibha Prakashan, Delhi, pp. 368–391.
113. Kar, S. K., Basa, K.K., Joglekar, P.P., 1998. Explorations at Gopalpur, District Nayagarh, Coastal Orissa. Man and Environment 23, 107–114.
114. Kennedy, K.A.R., 2000. God-Apes and Fossil Men: Paleoanthropology in South Asia. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.
115. Kharrakwal, J.S., Yano, A., Yasuda, Y., Shinde, V.S., Osada, T., 2004. Cord impressed ware and rice cultivation in South Asia, China and Japan: possibilities of inter-links, Quaternary International 123–125, 105–115.
116. Kivisild, T., Rootsi, S., Metspalu, M., Mastana, S., Kaldma, K., Parik, J., Metspalu, E., Adojaan, M., Tolk, H.-V., Stepanov, V., Goge, M., Usanga, E., Papiha, S.S., Cinniogu, C., King, R., Cavalli-Sforza, L., Underhill, P.A., Villems, R., 2003. The genetic heritage of the earliest settlers persists both in Indian tribal and caste populations. American Journal of Human Genetics 72, 313–332.
117. Korisettar, R., Joglekar, P.P., Fuller, D.Q., Venkatasubbaiah, P.C., 2001b. Archaeological reinvestigation and archaeozoology of seven southern Neolithic sites in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. Man and Environment 26, 47–66.
118. Korisettar, R., Venkatasubbaiah, P.C., Fuller, D.Q., 2001a. Brahmagiri and beyond: the archaeology of the southern Neolithic. In: Korisettar, R., Settar, S. (Eds.), Indian Archaeology in Retrospect, Volume I. Prehistory. Manohar, New Delhi, pp. 151–238.
119. Krishnamurti, B., 2003. The Dravidian Languages. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
120. Kuiper, F.B.J., 1991. Aryans in the Rig Veda. Rodopi, Amsterdam/Atlanta.
121. Kumar, P., Freeman, A.R., Loftus, R.T., Gaillard, C., Fuller, D.Q., Bradley, D.G., 2003. Admixture analysis of South Asian cattle. Heredity 91, 43–50.
122. Kumar, V., Mohan Reddy, B., 2003. Status of AustroAsiatic groups in the peopling of India: an exploratory study based on the available prehistoric, linguistic and biological evidence. Journal of Bioscience 28, 507–522.
123. Larsen, C.S., 1997. Biological changes in human populations with agriculture. Annual Review of Anthropology 24, 185–213.
124. Leshnik, L.S., 1973. Land use and ecological factors in prehistoric north-west India. In: Hammond, N. (Ed.), South Asian Archaeology. Duckworth, London, pp. 67–84.
125. Liu, L., Chen, X., 2004. The measurement and primary analysis of the buffalo bones from the Kua Hu Qiao site. In: Zhejian Provincial Institute of Archaeology and Cultural Relics, Kua Hu Qiao: A Neolithic Site Excavation Report. Wenwu Press, Beijing. [In Chinese]
126. Lone, Farooq A., Maqsooda Khan, Buth, G.M., 1993. Palaeoethnobotany – Plants and Ancient Man in Kashmir. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.
127. Lu, T.L.D., 1999. The Transition from Foraging to Farming and the Origin of Agriculture in China. British Archaeological Reports, Oxford.
128. Lu, T.L.D., 2006. The origin and dispersal of agriculture and human diaspora in East Asia. In: Sagart, L., Blench, R., Sanchez-Mazas, A. (Eds.), The Peopling of East Asia: Putting Together Archaeology, Linguistics and Genetics. Routledge Curzon, London, pp. 51–62.
129. Luikart, G., Gielly, L., Excoffier, L., Vigne, J.-D., Bouvet, J., Taberlet, P., 2001. Multiple maternal origins and weak phylogeographic structure in domestic goats. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 98, 5927–5932.
130. Lukacs, J.R., 2002. Hunting and gathering strategies in prehistoric India: a biocultural perspective on trade and subsistence. In: Morrison, K.D., Junker, L.L. (Eds.), Forager-Traders in South and Southeast Asia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 41–61.
131. Lukacs, J.R., 2007. Interpreting biological diversity in South Asian prehistory: Early Holocene population affinities and subsistence adaptations. In: Petraglia, M.D., Allchin, B. (Eds.), The Evolution and History of Human Populations in South Asia: Inter-disciplinary Studies in Archaeology, Biological Anthropology, Linguistics and Genetics. Springer, Netherlands, pp. 271–296.
132. Lukacs, J.R., Pal, J.N., 1993. Mesolithic subsistence in north India: Inferences from dental attributes. Current Anthropology, 34(5), 745–765.
133. MacHugh, D.E., Shriver, M.D., Loftus, R.T., Cunningham, P., Bradley, D.G., 1997. Microsatellite DNA variation and the evolution, domestication and phylogeography of taurine and zebu cattle (Bos taurus and Bos indicus). Genetics 146, 1071–1086.
134. MacNeish, R.S., 1992. The Origins of Agriculture. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.
135. Madella, M., 2003. Investigating agriculture and environment in South Asia: present and future considerations of opal phytoliths. In: Weber, S.A., Belcher, W.R. (Eds.), Indus Ethnobiology: New Perspectives from the Field. Lexington Books, Lanham, pp. 199–250.
136. Magee, D.A., Mannen, H., Bradley, D., 2007. Duality in Bos indicus mtDNA diversity: support for geographical complexity in zebu domestication. In: Petraglia, M.D., Allchin, B. (Eds.), The Evolution and History of Human Populations in South Asia: Inter-disciplinary Studies in Archaeology, Biological Anthropology, Linguistics and Genetics. Springer, Netherlands, pp. 385–391.
137. Mahdi, W., 1998. Transmission of southeast Asian cultigens to India and Sri Lanka. In: Blench, R., Spriggs, M. (Eds.), Archaeology and Language II: Archaeological Data and Linguistic Hypotheses. Routledge, London, pp. 390–415.
138. Mani, B.R., 2004. Further evidence on Kashmir Neolithic in light of recent excavations at Kanishkapura. Journal of inter-disciplinary Studies in History and Archaeology 1(1), 137–142.
139. Masica, C.P., 1979. Aryan and non-Aryan elements in north Indian agriculture. In: Deshpande, M.M., Hook, P.E. (Eds.), Aryan and Non-Aryan in India. Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, pp. 55–151.
140. Masica, C.P., 1991. The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
141. McAlpin, D.W., 1981. Proto-Elamo-Dravidian: The Evidence and its Implications. American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia.
142. Meadow, R., 1984. Animal Domestication in the Middle East: A View from the Eastern Margin. In: Clutton-Brock, J., Grigson, C. (Eds.), Animals in Archaeology 3. Early Herders and their Flocks. British Archaeological Reports, Oxford, pp. 309–337.
143. Meadow, R., 1993. Animal domestication in the Middle East: a revised view from the eastern Margin. In: Possehl, G.L. (Ed.), Harappan Civilization: A Recent Perspective. Oxford and IBH, New Delhi, pp. 295–320.
144. Meadow, R., 1996. The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in northwestern South AsiaIn: Harris, D.R. (Ed.), The Origins and Spread of Agriculture and Pastoralism in Eurasia. UCL Press, London, pp. 390–412.
145. Meadow, R., 1998. Pre- and Proto-Historic agricultural and pastoral transformations in northwestern South Asia. The Review of Archaeology 19, 12–21.
146. Meadow, R., Patel, A.K., 2003. Prehistoric pastoralism in northwestern South Asia from the Neolithic through the Harappan Period. In: Weber, S.A., Belcher, W.R. (Eds.), Indus Ethnobiology: New Perspectives from the Field. Lexington Books, Lanham, pp. 65–94.
147. Meher-Homji, V.M., 2001. Bioclimatology and Plant Geography of Peninsular India. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur. Misra, V.D., 1999. Agriculture, domestication of animals and ceramic and other industries in prehistoric India: Mesolithic and Neolithic. In: Pande, G.C. (Ed.), The Dawn of Civilization up to 600 BC. Centre for Studies in Civilization, Delhi, pp. 233–266.
148. Misra, V.D., Pal, J.N., Gupta, M.C., 2001. Excavation at Tokwa: a Neolithic-Chalcolithic settlement. Pragdhara 11, 59–72.
149. Misra, V.D., Pal, J.N., Gupta, M.C., 2004. Significance of recent excavations at Tokwa in the Vindhyas and Jhusi in the Gangetic Plains. Journal of Inter-disciplinary Studies in History and Archaeology 1(1), 120–126.
150. Mohanty, B., 1994. Golbai: a new horizon in Orissan archaeology. Orissa Historical Research Journal 39, 30–32.
151. Moore, A.M.T., Hillman, G.C., Legge, A.T., 2000. Village on the Euphrates: From Foraging to Farming at Abu Hureyra. Oxford University Press, New York.
152. Moulherat, C., Tengberg, M., Haquet, J.-F., Mille, B., 2002. First evidence of cotton at Neolithic Mehrgarh, Pakistan: analysis of mineralized fibres from a copper bead. Journal of Archaeological Science 29, 1393–1401.
153. Mufwene, S.S., 2001. The Ecology of Language Evolution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
154. Nagaraja Rao, M.S., Malhotra, K.C., 1965. Stone Age Hill Dwellers of Tekkalakota. Deccan College, Pune.
155. Neumann, K., 2004. The romance of farming: plant cultivation and domestication in Africa. In: Stahl, A.B. (Ed.), African Archaeology: A Critical Introduction. Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 249–275.
156. Oka, H. I., 1988. Origin of Cultivated Rice. Japan Science Society Press, Tokyo.
157. Paddayya, K., 1998. Evidence of Neolithic cattle-penning at Budihal, Gulbarga District, Karnataka. South Asian Studies 14, 141–153.
158. Paddayya, K., 2001. The problem of ashmounds of Southern Deccan in the light of the Budihal excavations, Karnataka. Bulletin of the Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute 60–61, 189–225.
159. Pandey, J.N., 1990. Mesolithic in the Middle Ganga Valley. Bulletin of the Deccan College PostGraduate and Research Institute 49, 311–316.
160. Panja, S., 1999. Mobility and subsistence strategies: a case study of Inamgaon, a Chalcolithic sites in western India. Asian Perspectives 38, 154–185.
161. Panja, S., 2001. Research on the Deccan, Chalcolithic. In: Settar, S., Korisettar, R. (Eds.), Indian Archaeology in Retrospect, Volume I. Prehistory. Manohar, New Delhi, pp. 263–276.
162. Parpola, A., 1994. Deciphering the Indus Script. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
163. Parpola, A., 1988. The coming of the Aryans to Iran and India and the cultural and ethnic identity of the Dasas. Studia Orientalia (Helsinki) 64, 195–302.
164. Patel, A.K., 1997. The pastoral economy of Dholavira: a first look at animals and urban life in third millennium Kutch. In: R. Allchin, Allchin, B. (Eds.), South Asian Archaeology 1995. Oxford-IBH, New Delhi, pp. 101–114.
165. Patel, A.K., 1999. Paper presented at Fifteenth International Conference on South Asian Archaeology, Leiden Univerisy, July 5–9, 1999.
166. Patel, A.K., Meadow, R., 1998. The exploitation of wild and domestic water buffalo in prehistoric northwestern South Asia. In: Buitenhuis, H., Bartosiewicz, L., Choyke, A. M. (Eds.), Archaeozoology of the Near East III. Centre for Archaeological Research and Consultancy, Rijksuniver-siteit Groningen, Groningen, pp. 180–199.
167. Pejros, I., Snirelman, V., 1998. Rice in Southeast Asia: a regional inter-disciplinary approach. In: Blench, R., Spriggs, M. (Eds.), Archaeology and Language II: Archaeological Data and Linguistic Hypotheses. Routledge, London, pp. 379–389.
168. Pokharia, A.K., Saraswat, K.S., 2004. Plant resources in the Neolithic Economy at Kanishpur, Kashmir. Paper presented at National Seminar on the Archaeology of the Gange Plain, Joint Annual Conference of the Indian Archaeological Society, Indian Society of Prehistoric and Quaternary Studies, Indian History and Culture Society, December 2004, Lucknow.
169. Possehl, G.L., 1999. Indus Age: The Beginnings. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadephia.
170. Possehl, G.L., 2002. The Indus Civilization: A Contemporary Perspective. Alta Mira, Walnut Creek.
171. Possehl, G.L., Rissman, P., 1992. The chronology of prehistoric India from earliest times to the Iron Age. In: Ehrich, R.W. (Ed.), Chronologies in Old World Archaeology. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, vol. 1, pp. 465–490, vol. 2, pp. 447–474.
172. Prabhu, C.N., Shankar, R., Anupama, A., Taieb, M., Bonnefille, R., Vidal, L., Prasad, S., 2004. A 200-ka pollen and oxygen-isotopic record from two sediment cores from the eastern Arabian Sea. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 214, 309–321.
173. Puri, G. S., Gupta, R.K., Meher-Homji, V.M., Puri, S., 1989. Forest Ecology (second edition), Volume II. Plant Form, Diversity, Communities and Succession. Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.
174. Puri, G.S., Meher-Homji, V.M., Gupta, R.K., Puri, S., 1983. Forest Ecology (second edition), Volume I. Phytogeography and Forest Conservation. Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.
175. Reddy, S.N., 2003. Discerning Palates of the Past: An Ethnoarchaeological Study of Crop Cultivation and Plant Usage in India. Prehistory Press, Ann Arbor.
176. Renfrew, C., 1987. Archaeology and Language: The Puzzle of Indo-European Origins. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
177. Renfrew, C., 1996. Language families and the spread of farming. In: Harris, D.R. (Ed.), The Origins and Spread of Agriculture and Pastoralism in Eurasia. UCL Press, London, pp. 70–92.
178. Renfrew, C., 2000. At the edge of knowability: towards a prehistory of languages. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 10, 7–34.
179. Rosenberg, M., 1998. Cheating at musical chairs: territoriality and sedentism in an evolutionary context. Current Anthropology 39, 653–681.
180. Rouse, I., 1986. Migrations in Prehistory. Yale University Press, New Haven.
181. Sano, R., Morishima, H., 1992. Indica-Japonica differentiation of rice cultivars viewed from variations in key characters of isozyme, with species reference to Himilayan hilly areas. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 84, 266–274.
182. Saraswat, K.S., 1991. Crop economy at ancient Mahorana, Punjab (c. 2100–1900 B.C.). Pragdhara 1, 83–88.
183. Saraswat, K.S., 1993. Plant economy of Late Harappans at Hulas. Purattatva 23, 1–12.
184. ′′ E), District Hissar. Indian Archaeology 1996–97- A Review, 203.
185. Saraswat, K.S., 2004a. Plant economy of early farming communities at Senuwar, Bihar. In: Singh, B.P. (Ed.), Senuwar Excavations. Banares Hindu University, Varanasi.
186. Saraswat, K.S., 2004b. Plant economy of Damdama. Paper presented at Indian Archaeological Society and Indian Society for Quaternary Science and Preshitoric Studies, Lucknow, December 2004.
187. Saraswat, K.S., 2005. Agricultural background of the early farming communities in the Middle Ganga Plain. Pragdhara 15, 145–178.
188. Saraswat, K.S., Chanchala, 1995. Palaeobotanical and pollen analytical investigations. Indian Archaeology 1990–91 - A Review, 103–104.
189. Saraswat, K.S., Pokharia, A.K., 2002. Harappan plant economy at ancient Balu, Haryana. Pragdhara 12, 153–172.
190. Saraswat, K.S., Pokharia, A.K., 2003. Palaeoethnob-otanical investigations at Early Harappan Kunal. Pragdhara 13, 105–140.
191. Saraswat, K.S., Pokharia, A.K., 2004. Archaeological studies in the Lahuradewa Area 2. Plant economy at Lahuradewa: a preliminary contemplation. Paper presented at National Seminar on the Archaeology of the Ganga Plain, Joint Annual Conference of the Indian Archaeological Society, Indian Society of Prehistoric and Quaternary Studies, Indian History and Culture Society, December 2004, Lucknow.
192. Saraswat, K.S., Sharma, N.K., Saini, D C., 1994. Plant economy at ancient Narhan (Ca. 1,300 B.C. -300/400 A.D.). In: Singh, P. (Ed.), Excavations at Narhan (1984–1989). Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, pp. 255–346.
193. Sato, Y.-I., 2002. Origin of rice cultivation in the Yangtze River Basin. In: Yasuda, Y. (Ed.), The Origins of Pottery and Agriculture. Lustre Press and Roli Books, New Delhi, pp. 143–150.
194. Sato, Y.I., 2005. Rice and Indus civilization. In: Osada, T. (Ed.), Linguistics, Archaeology and Human Past. Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, pp. 213–214.
195. Sato, Y.-I., Ishikawa, R., Morishima, H. 1990. Nonrandom association of genes and characters found in indica x japonica hybrids of rice. Heredity 65, 75–79.
196. Shanghai Cultural Relics Protection Committee, 1962. The Test Excavation of Guang Fu Lin Neolithic Site at Songjia County of Shanghai, Kao Gu (archaeology), 9. [in Chinese]
197. Sharma, A.K., 1982 Excavations at Gufkral, 1981. Purattatva 11, 19–25.
198. Sharma, A.K., 1986 Neolithic Gufkral. In: Buth, G.M. (Ed.), Central Asia and Western Himalaya – A Forgotten Link. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, pp. 13–18.
199. Sharma, G.R., Misra, V.D., Mandal, D., Misra, B.B., Pal, J.N., 1980. Beginnings of Agriculture (Epi-Palaeolithic to Neolithic: Excavations at Chopani-Mando, Mahadaha, and Mahagara). Abinash Prakashan, Allahabad.
200. Shinde, V., 1998a. Pre-Harappan Padri culture in Saurashtra: the recent discovery. South Asian Studies 14, 173–182.
201. Shinde, V.S., 1998b. Early Settlements in the Central Tapi Basin. Munshiram Manoharlal, New Delhi.
202. Shinde, V.S., 2002. The emergence, development and spread of agricultural communities in South Asia. In: Yasuda, Y. (Ed.), The Origins of Pottery and Agriculture. Lustre Press and Roli Books, New Delhi, pp. 89–115.
203. Simoons, F.J., 1991. Food in China. A Cultural and Historical Inquiry. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
204. Singh, I.B., 2005. Landform development and palaeovegetation in Late Quaternary of the Ganga Plain: implications for anthropogenic activity. Pragdhara 15, 5–31.
205. Sinha, B.K., 1993. Excavations at Golbai Sasan, District Puri, Orissa. Puratattva 23, 48–50.
206. Sinha, B.K., 2000. Golbai: a protohistoric site on the coast of Orissa. In: Basa, K.K., Mohanty, P. (Eds.), Archaeology of Orissa. Pratibha Prakashan, Delhi, pp. 322–355.
207. Southworth, F.C., 1976. Cereals in South Asian prehistory: the linguistic evidence. In: Kennedy, K.A.R., Possehl, G.L. (Eds.), Ecological Backgrounds of South Asian Prehistory. South Asia Program, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, pp. 52–75.
208. Southworth, F.C., 1979. Lexical evidence for early contacts between Indo-Aryan and Dravidian. In: Deshpande, M.M., Hook, P.E. (Eds.), Aryan and Non-Aryan in India. Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, pp. 191–233.
209. Southworth, F.C., 1988. Ancient economic plants of South Asia: linguistic archaeology and early agriculture. In: Jazayery, M.A., Winter, W. (Ed.), Languages and Cultures: Studies in Honor of Edgar C. Polome. Mouton de Gruyter, Amsetrdam, pp. 649–688.
210. Southworth, F.C., 1992. Linguistics and archaeology: prehistoric implications of some South Asian plant names. In: Possehl, G.L. (Ed.), South Asian Archaeology Studies. Oxford and IBH, New Delhi, pp. 81–85.
211. Southworth, F.C., 2005a. The Linguistic Archaeology of South Asia. Routledge, London.
212. Southworth, F. C. 2005b. Prehistoric implications of the Dravidian element in the NIA lexicon with special reference to Marathi. International Journal of Dravidian Linguistics 34(1), 17–28.
213. Southworth, F.C., Witzel, M., 2006. The SARVA (South Asia Residual Vocabulary Assemblage) Poject Website (http://www.aa.tufs.ac.jp/sarva/).
214. Stock, J., Lahr, M.M., Kulatilake, S., 2007. Human dispersals and cranial diversity in South Asia relative to global patterns of human variation. In: Petraglia, M.D., Allchin, B. (Eds.), The Evolution and History of Human Populations in South Asia: Inter-disciplinary Studies in Archaeology, Biological Anthropology, Linguistics and Genetics. Springer, Netherlands, pp. 245–268.
215. Su, B., Xiao, J., Underhill, P., Deka, R., Zhang, W., Akey, J., Huang, W., Shen, D., Lu, D., Luo, J., Chu, J., Tan, J., Shen, P., Davis, R., Cavalli-Sforza, L. L., Chakraborty, R., Xiong, M., Du, R., Oefner, P., Chen, Z., Jin, L., 1999. Y-Chromosome evidence for a northward migration of modern humans into Eastern Asia during the last Ice Age. American Journal of Human Genetics 65, 1718–1724.
216. Tengberg, M., 1999. Crop husbandry at Miri Qalat, Makran, SW Pakistan (4000–2000 B.C.). Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 8, 3–12.
217. Tengberg, M., 2005. Exploitation and use of plants in the Halil Valley during the Bronze Age: first results from the archaeobotanical analysis at Kunar Sandal A and B, Southeast Iran. Paper presented at the 15th Conference of the European Association of South Asian Archaeologists, London.
218. Tewari, R., Srivastava, R.K., Singh, K.K., Saraswat, K.S., Singh, I.B., 2003. Preliminary report of the excavation at Lahuradewa, District Sant Kabir Nagar, U.P. 2001–2002: wider archaeological implications. Pragdhara 13, 37–68.
219. Tewari, R., Srivastava, R.K., Singh, K.K., Vinay, R., Trivedi, R.K., Singh, G.C., 2005. Recently excavated sites in the Ganga Plain and North Vindhyas: some observations regarding the pre-urban context. Pragdhara 15, 39–49.
220. Thapar, B.K., 1978. Early farming communities in India. Journal of Human Evolution 7, 11–22.
221. Thomas, P.K., Joglekar, P.P., Mishra, V.D., Pandey, J.N., Pal, J.N., 1995. A preliminary report of the faunal remains from Damdama. Man and Environment 20, 29–36.
222. Tikkanen, B., 1999. Archaeological-linguistic correlations in the formation of retroflex typologies and correlating areal features in South Asia. In: Blench, R., Spriggs, M. (Eds.), Archaeology and Language IV: Language Change and Cultural Transformation. Routeledge, London, pp. 138–148.
223. Trautman, T.R., 1979. The study of Dravidian kinship. In: Deshpande, M.M., Hook, P.E. (Eds.), Aryan and Non-Aryan in India. Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, pp. 153–173.
224. Trautman, T.R., 1981. Dravidian Kinship. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
225. Turner, R.L., 1966. A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
226. Van Driem, G., 1998. Neolithic correlates of ancient Tibeto-Burman migrations. In: Blench, R., Spriggs, M. (Eds.), Archaeology and Language II: Archaeological Data and Linguistic Hypotheses. Routledge, London, pp. 67–102.
227. Vaughan, D.A., 1989. The Genus Oryza L.: Current Status of Taxonomy. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines.
228. Vaughan, D.A., 1994. The wild relatives of rice: a genetic resources handbook. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines.
229. Vishnu-Mittre, 1976. The archaeobotanical and palynological evidence for the early origin of agriculture in South and Southeast Asia. In: Arnott, M.I. (Ed.), Gastronomy. Mouton and Co., The Hague, pp. 13–21.
230. Wan, J., Ikehashi, H., 1997. Identification of two types of differentiation in cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) detected by polymorphism of isozymes and hybrid sterility. Euphytica 94, 151–161.z
231. Weber, S.A., 1991. Plants and Harappan Subsistence: An Example of Stability and Change from Rojdi. Oxford and IBH., New Delhi.
232. West, B., B.-X., Z., 1988. Did chickens go north? New evidence for domestication. Journal of Archaeological Science 15, 515–533.
233. Wheeler, R.E.M., 1959. Early India and Pakistan. Thames and Hudson, London.
234. Willcox, G., 1992. Some differences between crops of Near Eastern origin and those from the tropics. In: Jarrige, C. (Ed.), South Asian Archaeology 1989. Prehistory Press, Madison, pp. 291–299.
235. Willcox, G., 1999. Agrarian change and the beginnings of cultivation in the Near East: evidence from wild progenitors, experimental cultivation and archaeobotanical data. In: Gosden, C., Hather, J. (Eds.), The Prehistory of Food: Appetites for Change. Routledge, London, pp. 478–500.
236. Willcox, G., 2002. Geographical variation in major cereal components and evidence for independent domestication events in Western Asia. In: Cappers, R.T.J., Bottema, S. (Eds.), The Dawn of Farming in the Near East. Ex Oriente, Berlin, pp. 133–140.
237. Willcox, G., 2005. The distribution, natural habitats and availability of wild cereals in relation to their domestication in the Near East: multiple events, multiple centres. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 14(4), 534–541.
238. Witzel, M., 1999. Early sources for South Asian substrate languages. Mother Tongue Special Issue, 1–76.
239. Witzel, M., 2005. Central Asian roots and acculturation in South Asia: linguistic and archaeological evidence from Western Central Asia, the Hindukush and northwestern South Asia for early Indo-Aryan language and religion. In: Osada, T. (Ed.), Liguistics, Archaeology and the Human Past. Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, pp. 87–211.
240. Witzel, M., 2006. South Asian agricultural terms in Indo-Aryan. In: Osada, T., Sato, Y.-I., Witzel, M. (Eds,), Ethnogenesis in South and Central Asia. Harvard-Kyoto Roundtable (7th ESCA), Research Institute for Humanities and Nature, Kyoto, pp. 96–120
241. Yan, W., 2002. The origins of rice agriculture, pottery and cities. In: Yasuda, Y. (Ed.), The Origins of Pottery and Agriculture. Lustre Press and Roli Books, New Delhi.
242. Zeuner, F.E., 1963. A History of Domesticated Animals. Hutchinson, London.
243. Zide, A.R.K., Zide, N.H., 1976. Proto-Munda cultural vocabulary: evidence for early agriculture. In: Jenner, P.N., Thompson, L.C., Starosta, S. (Eds.), Austroasiatic Studies, Part II. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, pp. 1295–1334.
244. Harlan, J.R., 1992. Crops and Ancient Man. American Society for Agronomy, Madison.
245. Zohary, D., 1996. The mode of domestication of the founder crops of Southwest Asian agriculture, In: Harris, D.R. (Ed.), The Origins and Spread of Agriculture and Pastoralism in Eurasia. UCL Press, London, pp. 142–158.
246. Zohary, D., Hopf, M., 2000. Domestication of Plants in the Old World. Oxford University Press, Oxford.