메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 213, Issue 10, 2012, Pages 1609-1619

Spatial pattern analysis and competition between Acacia karroo trees in humid savannas

Author keywords

Nearest neighbour analysis; Point pattern; Ripley's K function; Spatial statistics

Indexed keywords

DENSITY DEPENDENCE; DIAMETER; EVERGREEN TREE; HUMID ENVIRONMENT; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; JUVENILE; MORTALITY; POPULATION DISTRIBUTION; POPULATION STRUCTURE; SAVANNA; SPATIAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 84870359199     PISSN: 13850237     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11258-012-0115-4     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (53)

References (51)
  • 1
    • 0032827190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demography of a savanna palm tree: predictions from comprehensive spatial pattern analyses
    • Barot S et al (1999) Demography of a savanna palm tree: predictions from comprehensive spatial pattern analyses. Ecology 80: 1987-2005.
    • (1999) Ecology , vol.80 , pp. 1987-2005
    • Barot, S.1
  • 2
    • 0027950825 scopus 로고
    • Forest gaps and isolated savanna trees
    • Belsky AJ, Canham CD (1994) Forest gaps and isolated savanna trees. Bioscience 44: 77-84.
    • (1994) Bioscience , vol.44 , pp. 77-84
    • Belsky, A.J.1    Canham, C.D.2
  • 3
    • 77949516899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The independent and interactive effects of tree-tree establishment competition and fire on savanna structure and dynamics
    • Calabrese JM et al (2010) The independent and interactive effects of tree-tree establishment competition and fire on savanna structure and dynamics. Am Nat 175: 44-65.
    • (2010) Am Nat , vol.175 , pp. 44-65
    • Calabrese, J.M.1
  • 5
    • 44649173228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SERGE: a spatially explicit generator of local rainfall in southern Africa
    • Eisinger D, Wiegand K (2008) SERGE: a spatially explicit generator of local rainfall in southern Africa. S Afr J Sci 104: 37-42.
    • (2008) S Afr J Sci , vol.104 , pp. 37-42
    • Eisinger, D.1    Wiegand, K.2
  • 6
    • 33750323789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns and competition of tree species in a Douglas-fir chronosequence on Vancouver Island
    • Getzin S et al (2006) Spatial patterns and competition of tree species in a Douglas-fir chronosequence on Vancouver Island. Ecography 29: 671-682.
    • (2006) Ecography , vol.29 , pp. 671-682
    • Getzin, S.1
  • 7
    • 0001651184 scopus 로고
    • Variance formulas for the mean difference and coefficient of concentration
    • Glasser GJ (1962) Variance formulas for the mean difference and coefficient of concentration. J Am Stat Assoc 57: 648-654.
    • (1962) J Am Stat Assoc , vol.57 , pp. 648-654
    • Glasser, G.J.1
  • 8
    • 0028166081 scopus 로고
    • Spatial pattern, regeneration and growth rates of Brachystegia spiciformis and Julbernardia globifera
    • Grundy IM et al (1994) Spatial pattern, regeneration and growth rates of Brachystegia spiciformis and Julbernardia globifera. Vegetatio 115: 101-107.
    • (1994) Vegetatio , vol.115 , pp. 101-107
    • Grundy, I.M.1
  • 9
    • 0001390015 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for intraspecific competition in the Acacia caven (Leguminosae) savanna of Chile
    • Gutierrez JR, Fuentes ER (1979) Evidence for intraspecific competition in the Acacia caven (Leguminosae) savanna of Chile. Oecolog Plantar 14: 151-158.
    • (1979) Oecolog Plantar , vol.14 , pp. 151-158
    • Gutierrez, J.R.1    Fuentes, E.R.2
  • 10
    • 0031284565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interplay of facilitation and competition in plant communities
    • Holmgren M et al (1997) The interplay of facilitation and competition in plant communities. Ecology 78: 1966-1975.
    • (1997) Ecology , vol.78 , pp. 1966-1975
    • Holmgren, M.1
  • 11
    • 0034492132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological buffering mechanisms in savannas: a unifying theory of long-term tree-grass coexistence
    • Jeltsch F et al (2000) Ecological buffering mechanisms in savannas: a unifying theory of long-term tree-grass coexistence. Plant Ecol 150: 161-171.
    • (2000) Plant Ecol , vol.150 , pp. 161-171
    • Jeltsch, F.1
  • 12
    • 33748654009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of rain, nitrogen, fire and grazing on tree recruitment and early survival in bush-encroached savanna, South Africa
    • Kraaij T, Ward D (2006) Effects of rain, nitrogen, fire and grazing on tree recruitment and early survival in bush-encroached savanna, South Africa. Plant Ecol 186: 235-246.
    • (2006) Plant Ecol , vol.186 , pp. 235-246
    • Kraaij, T.1    Ward, D.2
  • 13
    • 33745060962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using neutral landscapes to identify patterns of aggregation across resource points
    • Lancaster J (2006) Using neutral landscapes to identify patterns of aggregation across resource points. Ecography 29: 385-395.
    • (2006) Ecography , vol.29 , pp. 385-395
    • Lancaster, J.1
  • 14
    • 33747066137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical inference using the G or K point pattern spatial statistics
    • Loosmore NB, Ford ED (2006) Statistical inference using the G or K point pattern spatial statistics. Ecology 87: 1925-1931.
    • (2006) Ecology , vol.87 , pp. 1925-1931
    • Loosmore, N.B.1    Ford, E.D.2
  • 15
    • 56749104258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation in two extreme populations of Acacia karroo
    • Mboumba G, Ward D (2008) Phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation in two extreme populations of Acacia karroo. Afr J Range For Sci 25: 121-130.
    • (2008) Afr J Range For Sci , vol.25 , pp. 121-130
    • Mboumba, G.1    Ward, D.2
  • 16
    • 63849334860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond description: the active and effective way to infer processes from spatial patterns
    • McIntire EJB, Fajardo A (2009) Beyond description: the active and effective way to infer processes from spatial patterns. Ecology 90: 46-56.
    • (2009) Ecology , vol.90 , pp. 46-56
    • McIntire, E.J.B.1    Fajardo, A.2
  • 17
    • 38949085519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-proxy evidence for competition between savanna woody species
    • Meyer KM et al (2008) Multi-proxy evidence for competition between savanna woody species. Perspect Plant Ecol Evol Syst 10: 63-72.
    • (2008) Perspect Plant Ecol Evol Syst , vol.10 , pp. 63-72
    • Meyer, K.M.1
  • 18
    • 0029416145 scopus 로고
    • South Africa's arid and semiarid rangelands: Why are they changing and can they be restored?
    • Milton SJ, Dean WRJ (1995) South Africa's arid and semiarid rangelands: Why are they changing and can they be restored? Environ Monit Assess 37: 245-264.
    • (1995) Environ Monit Assess , vol.37 , pp. 245-264
    • Milton, S.J.1    Dean, W.R.J.2
  • 19
    • 0034237348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns of seed dispersal, their determinants and consequences for recruitment
    • Nathan R, Muller-Landau HC (2000) Spatial patterns of seed dispersal, their determinants and consequences for recruitment. Trends Ecol Evol 15: 278-285.
    • (2000) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.15 , pp. 278-285
    • Nathan, R.1    Muller-Landau, H.C.2
  • 20
    • 0028982938 scopus 로고
    • Acacia karroo invasion of grassland: environmental and biotic effects influencing seedling emergence and establishment
    • O'Connor TG (1995) Acacia karroo invasion of grassland: environmental and biotic effects influencing seedling emergence and establishment. Oecologia 103: 214-223.
    • (1995) Oecologia , vol.103 , pp. 214-223
    • O'Connor, T.G.1
  • 21
    • 0036779386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Illustrations and guidelines for selecting statistical methods for quantifying spatial pattern in ecological data
    • Perry JN et al (2002) Illustrations and guidelines for selecting statistical methods for quantifying spatial pattern in ecological data. Ecography 25: 578-600.
    • (2002) Ecography , vol.25 , pp. 578-600
    • Perry, J.N.1
  • 22
    • 33749644217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of methods for the statistical analysis of spatial point patterns in plant ecology
    • Perry GLW et al (2006) A comparison of methods for the statistical analysis of spatial point patterns in plant ecology. Plant Ecol 187: 59-82.
    • (2006) Plant Ecol , vol.187 , pp. 59-82
    • Perry, G.L.W.1
  • 23
    • 0000682088 scopus 로고
    • The use of plant-to-neighbour distances for the detection of competition
    • Pielou EC (1962) The use of plant-to-neighbour distances for the detection of competition. J Ecol 50: 357-367.
    • (1962) J Ecol , vol.50 , pp. 357-367
    • Pielou, E.C.1
  • 26
    • 79960635783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between soil erosion processes and fires: implications for the dynamics of fertility islands
    • Ravi S et al (2010) Interactions between soil erosion processes and fires: implications for the dynamics of fertility islands. Rangeland Ecol Manag 63: 267-274.
    • (2010) Rangeland Ecol Manag , vol.63 , pp. 267-274
    • Ravi, S.1
  • 27
    • 79952755144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of precise spatial data for describing spatial patterns and plant interactions in a diverse Great Basin shrub community
    • Rayburn AP et al (2011) Use of precise spatial data for describing spatial patterns and plant interactions in a diverse Great Basin shrub community. Plant Ecol 212: 585-594.
    • (2011) Plant Ecol , vol.212 , pp. 585-594
    • Rayburn, A.P.1
  • 28
    • 0000313850 scopus 로고
    • The second-order analysis of stationary point processes
    • Ripley BD (1976) The second-order analysis of stationary point processes. J Appl Prob 13: 255-266.
    • (1976) J Appl Prob , vol.13 , pp. 255-266
    • Ripley, B.D.1
  • 30
    • 2542565108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree-grass coexistence in savannas revisited-insights from an examination of assumptions and mechanisms invoked in existing models
    • Sankaran M et al (2004) Tree-grass coexistence in savannas revisited-insights from an examination of assumptions and mechanisms invoked in existing models. Ecol Lett 7: 480-490.
    • (2004) Ecol Lett , vol.7 , pp. 480-490
    • Sankaran, M.1
  • 31
    • 28644450403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of woody cover in African savannas
    • Sankaran M et al (2005) Determinants of woody cover in African savannas. Nature 438: 846-849.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.438 , pp. 846-849
    • Sankaran, M.1
  • 32
    • 78650509980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes of woody plant interaction and spatial distribution between rocky and sandy soil areas in a semi-arid savanna, South Africa
    • Schleicher J et al (2011a) Changes of woody plant interaction and spatial distribution between rocky and sandy soil areas in a semi-arid savanna, South Africa. J Arid Environ 75: 270-278.
    • (2011) J Arid Environ , vol.75 , pp. 270-278
    • Schleicher, J.1
  • 33
    • 80053569701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disentangling facilitation and seed dispersal from environmental heterogeneity as mechanisms generating associations between savanna plants
    • Schleicher J et al (2011b) Disentangling facilitation and seed dispersal from environmental heterogeneity as mechanisms generating associations between savanna plants. J Veg Sci 22: 1038-1048.
    • (2011) J Veg Sci , vol.22 , pp. 1038-1048
    • Schleicher, J.1
  • 34
    • 0031464374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree-grass interactions in savannas
    • Scholes RJ, Archer SR (1997) Tree-grass interactions in savannas. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 28: 517-544.
    • (1997) Annu Rev Ecol Syst , vol.28 , pp. 517-544
    • Scholes, R.J.1    Archer, S.R.2
  • 35
    • 0031905312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms determining the degree of size asymmetry in competition among plants
    • Schwinning S, Weiner J (1998) Mechanisms determining the degree of size asymmetry in competition among plants. Oecologia 113: 447-455.
    • (1998) Oecologia , vol.113 , pp. 447-455
    • Schwinning, S.1    Weiner, J.2
  • 36
    • 0036218847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nearest-neighbour analysis and the prevalence of woody plant competition in South African savannas
    • Shackleton C (2002) Nearest-neighbour analysis and the prevalence of woody plant competition in South African savannas. Plant Ecol 158: 65-76.
    • (2002) Plant Ecol , vol.158 , pp. 65-76
    • Shackleton, C.1
  • 37
    • 84986808928 scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns and dynamics of woody vegetation in an arid savanna
    • Skarpe C (1991) Spatial patterns and dynamics of woody vegetation in an arid savanna. J Veg Sci 2: 565-572.
    • (1991) J Veg Sci , vol.2 , pp. 565-572
    • Skarpe, C.1
  • 38
    • 0008784885 scopus 로고
    • The role of competition in the spacing of trees in a Burkea africana-Terminalia sericea savanna
    • Smith TM, Grant K (1986) The role of competition in the spacing of trees in a Burkea africana-Terminalia sericea savanna. Biotrop 18: 219-223.
    • (1986) Biotrop , vol.18 , pp. 219-223
    • Smith, T.M.1    Grant, K.2
  • 39
    • 0008791366 scopus 로고
    • The role of competition in the spacing of savanna trees
    • Smith TM, Walker BH (1983) The role of competition in the spacing of savanna trees. Proc Grassl Soc S Afr 18: 159-164.
    • (1983) Proc Grassl Soc S Afr , vol.18 , pp. 159-164
    • Smith, T.M.1    Walker, B.H.2
  • 40
    • 16844363488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pattern and process: competition causes regular spacing of individuals within plant populations
    • Stoll P, Bergius E (2005) Pattern and process: competition causes regular spacing of individuals within plant populations. J Ecol 93: 395-403.
    • (2005) J Ecol , vol.93 , pp. 395-403
    • Stoll, P.1    Bergius, E.2
  • 41
    • 0002715683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent applications of point process methods in forestry statistics
    • Stoyan D, Penttinen A (2000) Recent applications of point process methods in forestry statistics. Stat Sci 15: 61-78.
    • (2000) Stat Sci , vol.15 , pp. 61-78
    • Stoyan, D.1    Penttinen, A.2
  • 43
    • 0001261694 scopus 로고
    • Stability of semi-arid savanna grazing systems
    • Walker BH et al (1981) Stability of semi-arid savanna grazing systems. J Ecol 69: 473-498.
    • (1981) J Ecol , vol.69 , pp. 473-498
    • Walker, B.H.1
  • 45
    • 24944458439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do we understand the causes of bush encroachment in African savannas?
    • Ward D (2005) Do we understand the causes of bush encroachment in African savannas? Afr J Range For Sci 22: 101-105.
    • (2005) Afr J Range For Sci , vol.22 , pp. 101-105
    • Ward, D.1
  • 46
  • 47
    • 84859422267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population differentiation in a purported ring species, Acacia karroo (Mimosoideae)
    • Ward D (2011) Population differentiation in a purported ring species, Acacia karroo (Mimosoideae). Biol J Linn Soc 104: 748-755.
    • (2011) Biol J Linn Soc , vol.104 , pp. 748-755
    • Ward, D.1
  • 48
    • 0942267948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rings, circles, and null models for point pattern analysis in ecology
    • Wiegand T, Moloney KA (2004) Rings, circles, and null models for point pattern analysis in ecology. Oikos 104: 209-229.
    • (2004) Oikos , vol.104 , pp. 209-229
    • Wiegand, T.1    Moloney, K.A.2
  • 49
    • 23944435165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-scale patterns and bush encroachment in an arid savanna with a shallow soil layer
    • Wiegand K et al (2005) Multi-scale patterns and bush encroachment in an arid savanna with a shallow soil layer. J Veg Sci 16: 311-320.
    • (2005) J Veg Sci , vol.16 , pp. 311-320
    • Wiegand, K.1
  • 50
    • 29344472307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A patch-dynamics approach to savanna dynamics and woody plant encroachment Insights from an arid savanna
    • Wiegand K et al (2006) A patch-dynamics approach to savanna dynamics and woody plant encroachment Insights from an arid savanna. Perspect Plant Ecol Evol Syst 7: 229-242.
    • (2006) Perspect Plant Ecol Evol Syst , vol.7 , pp. 229-242
    • Wiegand, K.1
  • 51
    • 37349033155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of size inequality in self-thinning: a pattern-oriented simulation model for arid savannas
    • Wiegand K et al (2008) The role of size inequality in self-thinning: a pattern-oriented simulation model for arid savannas. Ecol Model 210: 431-445.
    • (2008) Ecol Model , vol.210 , pp. 431-445
    • Wiegand, K.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.