Non-Attended Representations are Perceptual Rather than Unconscious in Nature

PLoS ONE

Volumn 7, Issue 11, 2012, Pages

  Vandenbroucke, Annelinde R E ^a   Sligte, Ilja G ^a   Fahrenfort, Johannes J ^a   Ambroziak, Klaudia B ^a   Lamme, Victor A F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; EGO DEVELOPMENT; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; ILLUSION; MALE; NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION; NERVOUS SYSTEM PARAMETERS; NORMAL HUMAN; PERCEPTION; SENSORY MEMORY; TASK PERFORMANCE; VISUAL MEMORY; VISUAL STIMULATION; WORKING MEMORY;

ADULT; FEMALE; HUMANS; ILLUSIONS; MALE; MEMORY; MEMORY, SHORT-TERM; MIDDLE AGED; PHOTIC STIMULATION; UNCONSCIOUS (PSYCHOLOGY); VISUAL PERCEPTION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84870265709     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050042     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Rensink RA, O'Regan JK, Clark JJ, (1997) To see or not to see: The need for attention to perceive changes in scenes. Psychol Sci 8: 368-373.
2. Cohen MA, Dennett DC, (2011) Consciousness cannot be separated from function. Trends Cogn Sci 15: 358-364.
3. Dehaene S, Changeux JP, Naccache L, Sackur J, Sergent C, (2006) Conscious, preconscious, and subliminal processing: a testable taxonomy. Trends Cogn Sci 10: 204-211.
4. O'Regan JK, Noë A, (2001) A sensorimotor account of vision and visual consciousness. Behav Brain Sci 24: 939-972.
5. Block N (2007) Consciousness, accessibility, and the mesh between psychology and neuroscience. Behav Brain Sci 30: 481-499; discussion 499-548.
6. Dehaene S, Changeux J-P, (2011) Experimental and Theoretical Approaches to Conscious Processing. Neuron 70: 200-227.
7. Koch C, Tsuchiya N, (2007) Attention and consciousness: Two distinct brain processes. Trends Cogn Sci 11: 16-22.
8. Lamme VAF, (2006) Towards a true neural stance on consciousness. Trends Cogn Sci 10: 494-501.
9. Fahrenfort JJ, Scholte HS, Lamme VAF, (2008) The spatiotemporal profile of cortical processing leading up to perception. J Vision 8(1): 12.
10. Sterzer P, Kleinschmidt A, Rees G, (2009) The neural bases of multistable perception. Trends Cogn Sci 13: 310-318.
11. Luck SJ, Vogel EK, (1997) The capacity of visual working memory for features and conjunctions. Nature 390: 279-281.
12. Kuo BC, Stokes M, Nobre AC, (2012) Attention modulates maintenance of representations in visual short-term memory. J Cognitive Neurosci 24: 51-60.
13. Landman R, Spekreijse H, Lamme VAF, (2004) The role of figure-ground segregation in change blindness. Psychon B Rev 11: 254-261.
14. Makovski T, Sussman R, Jiang YV, (2008) Orienting attention in visual working memory reduces interference from memory probes. J Exp Psychol Learn 34: 369-380.
15. Sligte IG, Scholte HS, Lamme VAF, (2008) Are There Multiple Visual Short-Term Memory Stores? PLoS ONE 3: e1699 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001699.
16. Sligte IG, Scholte HS, Lamme VAF, (2009) V4 Activity Predicts the Strength of Visual Short-Term Memory Representations. J Neurosci 29: 7432-7438.
17. Vandenbroucke ARE, Sligte IG, Lamme VAF, (2011) Manipulations of attention dissociate fragile visual short-term memory from visual working memory. Neuropsychologia 49: 1559-1568.
18. Sperling G, (1960) The information available in brief visual presentations. Psychol Monogr-Gen A 74: 1-29.
19. Lepsien J, Griffin IC, Devlin JT, Nobre AC, (2005) Directing spatial attention in mental representations: Interactions between attentional orienting and working-memory load. Neuroimage 26: 733-743.
20. Lewis-Peacock JA, Drysdale AT, Oberauer K, Postle BR, (2011) Neural Evidence for a Distinction between Short-term Memory and the Focus of Attention. J Cognitive Neurosci 24: 61-79.
21. Matsukura M, Luck SJ, Vecera SP, (2007) Attention Effects During Visual Short-Term Memory Maintenance: Protection or Prioritization? Percept Psychophys 69: 1422-1434.
22. Block N, (2011) Perceptual consciousness overflows cognitive access. Trends Cogn Sci 15: 567-575.
23. Kouider S, De Gardelle V, Sackur J, Dupoux E, (2010) How rich is consciousness? The partial awareness hypothesis. Trends Cogn Sci 14: 301-307.
24. Lamme VAF, (2010) How neuroscience will change our view on consciousness. Cognitive Neuroscience 1: 204-220.
25. Lau H, Rosenthal D, (2011) Empirical support for higher-order theories of conscious awareness. Trends Cogn Sci 15: 365-373.
26. Phillips IB, (2011) Perception and Iconic Memory: What Sperling Doesn't Show. Mind Lang 26: 381-411.
27. Kanizsa G, (1976) Subjective contours. Sci Am 234: 48-52.
28. Harris JJ, Schwarzkopf DS, Song C, Bahrami B, Rees G, (2011) Contextual illusions reveal the limit of unconscious visual processing. Psychol Sci 22: 399-405.
29. Halgren E, Mendola J, Chong CDR, Dale AM, (2003) Cortical activation to illusory shapes as measured with magnetoencephalography. Neuroimage 18: 1001-1009.
30. Knebel J-F, Murray MM, (2012) Towards a resolution of conflicting models of illusory contour processing in humans. Neuroimage 59: 2808-2817.
31. Wokke ME, Vandenbroucke ARE, Scholte HS, Lamme VAF (in press) Confuse your Illusion: Feedback to Early Visual Cortex Contributes to Perceptual Completion. Psychological Science.
32. Neisser U (1967) Cognitive psychology. East Norwalk: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
33. Gregory RL, (1977) Vision with isoluminant colour contrast: 1. A projection technique and observations. Perception 6: 113-119.
34. Jory MK, Day RH, (1979) The relationship between brightness contrast and illusory contours. Perception 8: 3-9.
35. Pylyshyn Z (1999) Is vision continuous with cognition? The case for cognitive impenetrability of visual perception. Behav Brain Sci 22: 341-365. Open peer commentary 366-423.
36. Shady S, MacLeod DIA, Fisher HS, (2004) Adaptation from invisible flicker. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101: 5170-5173.
37. Greenwald AG, Draine SC, Abrams RL, (1996) Three cognitive markers of unconscious semantic activation. Science 273: 1699-1702.
38. Lau JSF, Cheung S, (2012) Illusory contour formation surives crowding. J Vision 12(6): 15.
39. Wang L, Weng X, He S, (2012) Perceptual grouping without awareness: superiority of Kanizsa triangle in breaking interocular suppression. PLoS ONE 7: e40106 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040106.
40. Roelfsema PR, (2006) Cortical algorithms for perceptual grouping. Annu Rev Neurosci 29: 203-227.
41. Qiu FT, Sugihara T, von der Heydt R, (2007) Figure-ground mechanisms provide structure for selective attention. Nat Neurosci 10: 1492-1499.
42. Wannig A, Stanisor L, Roelfsema PR, (2011) Automatic spread of attentional response modulation along Gestalt criteria in primary visual cortex. Nat Neurosci 14: 1243-1244.
43. de Gardelle V, Sackur J, Kouider S, (2009) Perceptual illusions in brief visual presentations. Conscious Cogn 18: 569-577.
44. Sligte IG, Vandenbroucke ARE, Scholte HS, Lamme VAF, (2010) Detailed sensory memory, sloppy working memory. Front Psychology 1: 175.
45. Ben-Shalom A, Ganel T, (2012) Object representations in visual memory: Evidence from visual illusions. J Vision 12(7): 15.
46. Clifford CWG, Harris JA, (2005) Contextual modulation outside of awareness. Curr Biol 15: 574-578.
47. Haynes JD, Rees G, (2005) Predicting the orientation of invisible stimuli from activity in human primary visual cortex. Nat Neurosci 8: 686-691.