Emergence of a Novel Avian Pox Disease in British Tit Species

PLoS ONE

Volumn 7, Issue 11, 2012, Pages

  Lawson, Becki ^a   Lachish, Shelly ^b   Colvile, Katie M ^a   Durrant, Chris ^a   Peck, Kirsi M ^c   Toms, Mike P ^d   Sheldon, Ben C ^b   Cunningham, Andrew A ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF ZOOLOGY   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^c THE NUNNERY   (United Kingdom)

^d RSPB CENTRE FOR CONSERVATION SCIENCE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

VIRUS PROTEIN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BIRD; BIRD DISEASE; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; FOWLPOX; FOWLPOX VIRUS; GENE SEQUENCE; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; INCIDENCE; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PARIDAE; POXVIRUS; SCANDINAVIA; SEASONAL VARIATION; SPECIES DIFFERENTIATION; UNITED KINGDOM; VERRUCA VULGARIS; VIRUS TRANSMISSION;

ANIMALS; AVIPOXVIRUS; BIRD DISEASES; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; GREAT BRITAIN; INCIDENCE; PASSERIFORMES; PHYLOGENY; POXVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; SEASONS; SKIN; TIME FACTORS; VIRION;

AVES; PARIDAE; PARUS MAJOR; POXVIRIDAE;

EID: 84869832045     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040176     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Hansen WR (1999) Avian pox. In: Friend M, Franson JC, editors. Field Manual of Wildlife Diseases General Field Procedures and Diseases of Birds. U.S.A.: Biological Resources Division Information and Technology Report 1999-2001, pp. 163-170.
2. McFerran JB, McNulty MS (1993) Poxviridae. In: McFerran JB, McNulty MS, Horzinek MC, editors. Virus Infections of Birds. Oxford, UK: Elsevier Scientific Publishing, pp. 1-15.
3. van Riper C III, Forrester DJ (2007) Avian Pox. In: Thomas NJ, Hunter DB, Atkinson CT, editors. Infectious Diseases of Wild Birds. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, pp. 131-176.
4. Simpson CE, Forrester DL, Nesbitt SA, (1975) Avian pox in Florida Sandhill cranes. J Wildlife Dis 11: 112-115.
5. Ritchie BW (1995) Poxviridae. In: Ritchie BW, editor. Avian viruses - Function and Control. Lake Worth, U.S.A.: Wingers Publishing Inc., pp. 285-311.
6. Goodpasture EW, Anderson K, (1962) Isolation of a wild avian pox virus inducing both cytoplasmic and nuclear inclusions. Am J Path 40: 437-454.
7. Literak I, Hromadko M, Blazkova P, Holmberg T, (2004) Fagelkoppor vid Ansjon och I Narke (Avian pox in Ansjon and Orebro, Sweden, in Swedish with a summary in English) Arsrapport Annsjons, fagelstation 2003 (Lake Annsjon Bird Observatory, Sweden, Annual report 2003). Faglar I Jamtland-Hajedalen 1: 4-7.
8. Illera JC, Emerson BC, Richardson DS, (2008) Genetic characterization, distribution and prevalence of avian pox and avian malaria in the Berthelot's pipit (Anthus berthelottis) in Macaronesia. Parasitol Res 103: 1435-1443.
9. Literak I, Kulich P, Robesova B, Adamik P, Roubalova E, (2010) Avipoxvirus in great tits (Parus major). European J Wildlife Res 6: 529-534.
10. Gruber A, Grabensteiner E, Kolodziejek J, Nowotny N, Loupal G, (2007) Poxvirus in a great tit (Parus major). Avian Dis 51: 623-625.
11. Palade EA, Biró N, Dobos-Kovács M, Demeter Z, Mándoki M, et al. (2008) Poxvirus infection in Hungarian great tits (Parus major). Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 56: 539-546.
12. Jarmin S, Manvell R, Gough RE, Laidlaw SM, Skinner MA, (2006) Avipoxvirus phylogenetics: identification of a PCR length polymorphism that discriminates between the two major clades. J Gen Virol 87: 2191-2201.
13. Adams CJ, Feldman SH, Sleeman JM, (2005) Phylogenetic analysis of avian poxviruses among free-ranging birds of Virginia. Avian Dis 49: 601-605.
14. Weli SC, Okeke MI, Tryland M, Nilssen O, Traavik T, (2004a) Characterization of avipoxviruses from wild birds in Norway. Can J Vet Res 68: 140-145.
15. Weli SC, Traavik T, Tryland M, Coucheron DH, Nilssen O, (2004b) Analysis and comparison of the 4b core protein gene of avipoxviruses from wild birds: evidence for interspecies spatial phylogenetic variation. Arch Virol 149: 2035-2046.
16. Jennings AR, (1954) Diseases in wild birds. J Comp Path 64: 356-359.
17. Edwards GR, (1955) Excrescenses about the eyes and on the legs and feet of dunnocks. British Birds 48: 186-187.
18. Poulding RH, (1960) Fowlpox in a carrion crow. British Birds 53: 174-175.
19. Blackmore DK, Keymer IF, (1969) Cutaneous diseases of wild birds in Britain. British Birds 62: 316-331.
20. Pennycott TW, (2003) Scaly leg, papillomas and pox in wild birds. Vet Rec 152: 444.
21. Lüschow D, Hoffman T, Hafez HM, (2004) Differentiation of avian poxvirus strains on the basis of nucleotide sequences of 4b gene fragment. Avian Dis 48: 453-462.
22. Lierz M, Bergmann V, Czerny CP, Luschow D, Mwanzia J, et al. (2007) Recurrence of avipox-infection in a collection of captive stone curlew (Burhinus oedincnemus). J Avian Med Surg 21: 50-55.
23. Jarvi SI, Triglia D, Giannoulis A, Farias M, Bianchi K, et al. (2008) Diversity, origins and virulence of avipoxvirus in Hawaiian forest birds. Conserv Genet 9: 339-348.
24. Senar JC, Conroy MJ, (2004) Multi-state analysis of the impacts of avian pox on population of Serins (Serinus serinus): the importance of estimating recapture rates. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 27: 133-146.
25. Robinson RA, Lawson B, Toms MP, Peck KM, Kirkwood JK, et al. (2010) Emerging infectious disease leads to rapid population declines of common British birds. PLoS ONE 5 (8) (): e12215 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012215.
26. Snow KR (1990) Mosquitoes. Naturalist's Handbooks Series. Richmond Publishers, London. pp. 1-68.
27. Lawson B, Robinson RA, Colvile K, Peck KM, Chantrey J, et al. (2012) Pennycott, The emergence and spread of finch trichomonosis in the British Isles. Phil Trans Roy Soc B 367: 2852-2863.
28. Robb GM, McDonald RA, Chamberlain DE, Bearhop S, (2008) Food for thought: supplementary feeding as a driver of ecological change in avian populations. Front Ecol Environ 6: 476-484.
29. McClure HE, (1989) Epizootic lesions of house finches in Ventura County, California. J Field Ornithol 60: 421-430.
30. Davies ZG, Fuller RA, Loram A, Irvine KN, Sims V, et al. (2009) A national scale inventory of resource provision for biodiversity within domestic gardens. Biol Cons 142: 761-771.
31. Holt G, Krogsrud J, (1973) Pox in wild birds. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 14: 201-203.
32. Newson SE, Evans KL, Noble DG, Greenwood JJD, Gaston KJ, (2008) Use of distance sampling to improve estimates of national population sizes for common and widespread breeding birds in the UK. J Appl Ecol 45: 1330-1338.
33. Baillie SR, Marchant JH, Leech DI, Renwick AR, Eglington SM, et al. (2012) BirdTrends 2011. BTO Research Report No. 609. BTO, Thetford. http://www.bto.org/birdtrends. Accessed 2012 Jan 4.
34. Chamberlain DE, Vickery JA, Glue DE, Robinson RA, Conway GJ, et al. (2005) Annual and seasonal trends in the use of garden feeders by birds in winter. Ibis 147: 563-575.
35. Perrins C (1979) British Tits. The New Naturalist, Collins, London, pp.1-297.
36. Wernham C, Toms M, Marchant J, Clark J, Siriwardena G, et al. (2002) The Migration Atlas: Movements of the birds of Britain & Ireland. T & A D Poyser.
37. van Balen JH, Hage F, (1989) The effect of environmental factors on tit movements. Ornis Scandinavica 20: 99-104.
38. Robinson RA, Clark JA (2011) The Online Ringing Report: Bird ringing in Britain & Ireland in 2010 BTO, Thetford (http://www.bto.org/ringing-report, created on 22-July-2011).
39. Gosler A (2002) The Migration Atlas: Movements of the Birds of Britain and Ireland. Thetford, UK: British Trust for Ornithology, pp. 1-900.
40. Service MW, (1997) Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) dispersal-the long and short of it. J Med Entomol 34: 579-588.
41. Pennycott TW, (2003) Scaly leg, papillomas and pox in wild birds. Vet Rec 152: 444.
42. Lawson B, Howard T, Kirkwood JK, Macgregor SK, Perkins M, et al. (2010) The epidemiology of salmonellosis in garden birds in England and Wales, 1993 to 2003. Ecohealth 7: 294-306.
43. Wooduff CE, Goodpasture EW, (1930) The relation of the virus of fowlpox to the specific cellular inclusions of the disease. Am J Pathol 6: 713-720.
44. Kirmse P, (1966) New wild bird hosts for poxviruses. Bulletin for the Wildlife Disease Association 2: 303-33.
45. Ripley BD, (1976) The second-order analysis of stationary point processes. J Appl Probab 13: 255-266.
46. Ripley BD, (1977) Modelling spatial patterns. J R Stat Soc: series B 39: 172-212.
47. Ripley BD, (1979) Tests of 'randomness' for spatial point patterns. J R Stat Soc: series B 41: 368-374.
48. Kulldorff M, Nagarwalla N, (1995) Spatial disease clusters: Detection and inference. Statistics in Medicine 14: 799-810.
49. Census 2001 (2002) 2001 Census in England and Wales. Available: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/census2001/census2001.asp. Accessed January 13 2010.
50. Cannon AR, Chamberlain DE, Toms MP, Hatchwell BJ, Gaston KJ, (2005) Trends in the use of private gardens by wild birds in Great Britain 1995-2002. J Appl Ecol 42: 659-671.
51. Kulldorff M, Heffernan R, Hartman J, Assunção RM, Mostashari F, (2005) A space-time permutation scan statistic for the early detection of disease outbreaks. PLoS Medicine 2: 216-224.
52. Binns MM, Boursnell MEG, Tomley FM, Campbell J, (1989) Analysis of the fowlpoxvirus gene encoding the 4b core polypeptide and demonstration that it possesses efficient promoter sequences. Virology 170: 288-291.
53. Lee LW, Lee KH, (1997) Application of the polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of fowl poxvirus infection. J Virol Methods 63: 113-119.
54. Saitou N, Nei M, (1987) The neighbor-joining method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4: 406-425.
55. Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, et al. (2011) MEGA5: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis using Maximum Likelihood, Evolutionary Distance, and Maximum Parsimony Methods. Mol Biol Evol 28: 2731-2739.
56. Felsenstein J, (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenies: An approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39: 783-791.
57. Tamura K, Nei M, Kumar S, (2004) Prospects for inferring very large phylogenies by using the neighbor-joining method. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 11030-11035.