Conductivity of an atomically defined metallic interface

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Volumn 109, Issue 47, 2012, Pages 19097-19102

  Oliver, David J ^a   Maassen, Jesse ^a,b   El Ouali, Mehdi ^a   Paul, William ^a   Hagedorn, Till ^a   Miyahara, Yoichi ^a   Qi, Yue ^c   Guo, Hong ^a   Grütter, Peter ^a  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b Purdue University   (United States)

^c GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION   (United States)

Author keywords

Atomic force microscopy; Surface science

Indexed keywords

GOLD; TUNGSTEN;

ARTICLE; CALCULATION; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRIC RESISTANCE; ELECTRON; MECHANICS; MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; SEMICONDUCTOR;

EID: 84869806059     PISSN: 00278424     EISSN: 10916490     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1208699109     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Moth-Poulsen K, Bjørnholm T (2009) Molecular electronics with single molecules in solid-state devices. Nat Nanotechnol 4(9):551-556.
2. Léonard F, Talin AA (2011) Electrical contacts to one- and two-dimensional nano-materials. Nat Nanotechnol 6(12):773-783.
3. Agråit N, Yeyati AL, van Ruitenbeek JM (2003) Quantum properties of atomic-sized conductors. Phys Rep 377:81-279.
4. Pop E (2010) Energy dissipation and transport in nanoscale devices. Nano Res 3: 147-169.
5. Interconnect (2009) International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (Interconnect). Available at http://www.itrs.net/Links/2009ITRS/Home2009.htm.
6. Müller EW, Bahadur K (1956) Field ionization of gases at a metal surface and the resolution of the field ion microscope. Phys Rev 102:624-631.
7. Melmed AJ (2002) Erwin Müller - memoir. Biogr Mem Natl Acad Sci, 82. Available at http://www.nap.edu/readingroom.php?book=biomems&page=emueller. html.
8. Oliver WC, Pharr GM (1992) An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments. J Mater Res 7:1564-1583.
9. Pliny (1855) Natural History. trans Bostock J, Riley HT (H. G. Bohn, London), Vol 6, pp 96-98.
10. Nix WD, Greer JR, Feng G, Lilleodden ET (2007) Deformation at the nanometer and micrometer length scales: Effects of strain gradients and dislocation starvation. Thin Solid Films 515:3152-3157.
11. CRC (2011) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 92nd Ed., Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (CRC, Boca Raton, FL), pp 12-225.
12. Sutton AP, Pethica JB (1990) Inelastic flow processes in nanometre volumes of solids. J Phys Condens Matter 2:5317.
13. Landman U, Luedtke WD, Burnham NA, Colton RJ (1990) Atomistic mechanisms and dynamics of adhesion, nanoindentation, and fracture. Science 248(4954):454-461.
14. Corcoran SG, Colton RJ, Lilleodden ET, Gerberich WW (1997) Anomalous plastic deformation at surfaces: Nanoindentation of gold single crystals. Phys Rev B 55:R16057.
15. Kiely JD, Houston JE (1998) Nanomechanical properties of Au (111), (001), and (110) surfaces. Phys Rev B 57:12588.
16. Kelchner CL, Plimpton SJ, Hamilton JC (1998) Dislocation nucleation and defect structure during surface indentation. Phys Rev B 58:11085.
17. Cross GLW, Schirmeisen A, Grütter P, Dürig UT (2006) Plasticity, healing and shakedown in sharp-asperity nanoindentation. Nat Mater 5(5):370-376.
18. Navarro V, de la Fuente OR, Mascaraque A, Rojo JM (2008) Uncommon dislocation processes at the incipient plasticity of stepped gold surfaces. Phys Rev Lett 100(10):105504.
19. Ward DK, et al. (2009) Engineering size-scaling of plastic deformation in nanoscale asperities. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106(24):9580-9585.
20. Courtney TH (2000) Mechanical Behavior of Materials (McGraw-Hill, New York), 2nd Ed.
21. Marszalek PE, Greenleaf WJ, Li H, Oberhauser AF, Fernandez JM (2000) Atomic force microscopy captures quantized plastic deformation in gold nanowires. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97(12):6282-6286.
22. Rubio-Bollinger G, Bahn SR, Agraït N, Jacobsen KW, Vieira S (2001) Mechanical properties and formation mechanisms of a wire of single gold atoms. Phys Rev Lett 87:026101.
23. Kizuka T (2008) Atomic configuration and mechanical and electrical properties of stable gold wires of single-atom width. Phys Rev B 77:155401.
24. Armstrong JN, Hua SZ, Chopra HD (2011) Mechanics of quantum and Sharvin conductors. Phys Rev B 83:235422.
25. Lindemann FA (1910) The calculation of molecular vibration frequencies. Z Phys 11:609.
26. Feldman B, Park S, Haverty M, Shankar S, Dunham ST (2010) Simulation of grain boundary effects on electronic transport in metals, and detailed causes of scattering. Phys Stat Sol B 247:1791-1796.
27. Emch R, Nogami J, Dovek MM, Lang CA, Quate CF (1989) Characterization of gold surfaces for use as substrates in scanning tunneling microscopy studies. J Appl Phys 65:79-84.
28. Lauer ME, et al. (2007) Formation and healing of micrometer-sized channel networks on highly mobile Au(111) surfaces. Langmuir 23(10):5459-5465.
29. Havemann RH, Hutchby JA (2001) High-performance interconnects: An integration overview. Proc IEEE 89:586-601.
30. Ashcroft NW, Mermin ND (1976) Solid State Physics (Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York).
31. El Ouali M (2010) Nanometre scale indentation: Effect of very sharp indenters on adhesion, plasticity, and electronic transport. PhD thesis (McGill University, Montreal).
32. Hagedorn T, et al. (2011) Refined tip preparation by electrochemical etching and ultrahigh vacuum treatment to obtain atomically sharp tips for scanning tunneling microscope and atomic force microscope. Rev Sci Instrum 82(11):113903-113905.
33. Tsong TT (1990) Atom-Probe Field Ion Microscopy (Cambridge Univ Press, Cambridge UK).
34. Lucier A-S, Mortensen H, Sun Y, Grutter P (2005) Determination of the atomic structure of scanning probe microscopy tungsten tips by field ion microscopy. Phys Rev B 72:235420.
35. Dürig U, Novotny L, Michel B, Stalder A (1997) Logarithmic current-to-voltage converter for local probe microscopy. Rev Sci Instrum 68:3814-3816.
36. Johnson K (1985) Contact Mechanics (Cambridge Univ Press, Cambridge, UK).
37. Maugis D (1999) Contact, Adhesion, and Rupture of Elastic Solids (Springer, Berlin).
38. Daw MS, Foiles SM, Baskes MI (1993) The embedded-atom method: A review of theory and applications. Mater Sci Rep 9:251-310.
39. Zhou XW, Johnson RA, Wadley HNG (2004) Misfit-energy-increasing dislocations in vapor-deposited CoFe/NiFe multilayers. Phys Rev B 69:144113.
40. Hoover WG (1985) Canonical dynamics: Equilibrium phase-space distributions. Phys Rev A 31(3):1695-1697.
41. Kresse G, Furthmüller J (1996) Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set. Phys Rev B 54(16):11169-11186.
42. Kresse G, Furthmüller J (1996) Efficiency of ab-initio total energy calculations for metals and semiconductors using a plane-wave basis set. Comput Mater Sci 6:15.
43. Waldron D, Haney P, Larade B, MacDonald A, Guo H (2006) Nonlinear spin current and magnetoresistance of molecular tunnel junctions. Phys Rev Lett 96(16):166804.
44. Taylor J, Guo H, Wang J (2001) Ab initio modeling of quantum transport properties of molecular electronic devices. Phys Rev B 63:245407.
45. Ke Y, Xia K, Guo H (2008) Disorder scattering in magnetic tunnel junctions: Theory of nonequilibrium vertex correction. Phys Rev Lett 100(16):166805.