Effects of thinning intensity on species diversity and timber production in a conifer (Cryptomeria japonica) plantation in Japan

Journal of Forest Research

Volumn 17, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 468-478

  Seiwa, Kenji ^a   Eto, Yukino ^a   Hishita, Masahiro ^a   Masaka, Kazuhiko ^b  

^a TOHOKU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b Forestry Research Institute Koshunai   (Japan)

Author keywords

Hardwood conifer mixed forest; Management goal; Net primary production; Timber production; Trade off

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL EFFECTS; HARDWOODS; TIMBER;

MANAGEMENT GOALS; MIXED FORESTS; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; TIMBER PRODUCTION; TRADE OFF;

FORESTRY;

ABUNDANCE; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; CONIFEROUS TREE; DIAMETER; DIVERSITY INDEX; GROWTH; PLANTATION; SPECIES DIVERSITY; STAND STRUCTURE; SUCCESSION; THINNING;

BIODIVERSITY; ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; FOREST MANAGEMENT; FORESTS; HARDWOODS; JAPAN; PLANTATIONS; SOFTWOODS; SPECIES IDENTIFICATION;

JAPAN;

CONIFEROPHYTA; CORNUS; CORNUS CONTROVERSA; CRYPTOMERIA JAPONICA;

EID: 84869102880     PISSN: 13416979     EISSN: 16107403     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10310-011-0316-z     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Ahola V, Leinonen K (1999) Responses of Betula pendula, Picea abies, and Pinus sylvestris seeds to red/far-red ratios as affected by moist chilling and germination temperature. Can J For Res 29: 1709-1717.
2. Alaback PB, Herman FR (1988) Long-term response of understory vegetation to stand density in Picea-Tsuga forests. Can J For Res 18: 1522-1530.
3. Augspurger CK (1984) Seedling survival of tropical tree species: interactions of dispersal distance, light-gaps, and pathogens. Ecology 65: 1705-1712.
4. Baker FS (1950) Principles of silviculture. McGraw-Hill, New York.
5. Bergstedt J, Milberg P (2001) The impact of logging intensity on field-layer vegetation in Swedish boreal forests. For Ecol Manag 154: 105-115.
6. Brockerhoff E, Jactel H, Parrotta JA, Quine CP, Sayer J (2008) Plantation forests and biodiversity: oxymoron or opportunity? Biodivers Conserv 17: 925-951.
7. Brunvatne JO (1998) Influence of light quality on the germination of Betula papyrifera seeds. Scand J For Res 13: 324-330.
8. Burnham KP, Anderson DA (2002) Model selection and multimodel inference: a practical information-theoretic approach, 2nd edn. Springer, New York.
9. Callaway JC, Sullivan G, Zedler JB (2003) Species-rich planting increases biomass and nitrogen accumulation in a wetland restoration experiment. Ecol Appl 13: 1626-1639.
10. Chesson P, Kuang J (2007) The interaction between predation and competition. Nature 456: 236-238.
11. Connell JH (1978) Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs. Science 1999: 1302-1310.
12. Crawley MJ (2005) Statistics: an introduction using R. Wiley, Chichester.
13. FAO-UNESCO (1998) World reference base for soil resources (World Soil Resources Report 84). FAO, Rome.
14. Givnish TJ (1999) On the causes of gradients in tropical tree diversity. J Ecol 87: 193-210.
15. Gotmark F, Fridman J, Kenpe G, Norden B (2005) Broad-leaved tree species in conifer-dominated forestry: regeneration and limitation of saplings in southern Sweden. For Ecol Manag 214: 142-157.
16. Guariguata M, Rheingans R, Montagnini F (1995) Early woody invasion under tree plantations in Costa Rica: implications for forest restoration. Restor Ecol 3: 252-260.
17. Haeussler S, Tappeiner JC II (1993) Effect of the light environment on seed germination of red alder (Alnus rubra). Can J For Res 23: 1487-1491.
18. Halpern CB, Spies TA (1995) Plant species diversity in natural and managed forests of the Pacific Northwest. Ecol Appl 5: 913-934.
19. Hansen AJ, Spies TA, Swanson FJ, Ohmann JL (1991) Conserving biodiversity in managed forests: lessons from natural forests. Bioscience 41: 382-392.
20. Hooper DU, Chapin FS III, Ewel JJ, Hector A, Inchausti P, Lavorel S, Lawton JH, Lodge DM, Loreau M, Naeem S, Schmid B, Setala H, Symstad AJ, Vandermeer J, Wardle DA (2005) Effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning: a consensus of current knowledge. Ecol Monogr 75: 3-35.
21. Igarashi T, Kiyono Y (2008) The potential of hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa [Sieb. et Zucc.] Endlicher) plantation forests for the restoration of the original plant community in Japan. For Ecol Manag 255: 183-192.
22. Imaji A, Seiwa K (2010) Carbon allocation to defense, storage, and growth in seedlings of two temperate broad-leaved tree species. Oecologia 162: 273-281.
23. Ito S, Nakagawa M, Buckley GP, Nogami K (2003) Species richness in sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) plantations in southeastern Kyushu, Japan: the effects of stand type and age on understory trees and shrubs. J For Res 8: 49-57.
24. Ito S, Nakayama R, Buckley GP (2004) Effects of previous land-use on plant species diversity in semi-natural and plantation forests in a warm-temperate region in southeastern Kyushu, Japan. For Ecol Manag 196: 213-225.
25. Ito S, Ishigami S, Mizoue N, Buckley GP (2006) Maintaining plant species composition and diversity of understory vegetation under strip-clearcutting forestry in conifer plantations in Kyushu, southern Japan. For Ecol Manag 231: 234-241.
26. Iwasa Y, Sato K, Kakita M, Kubo T (1993) Modeling biodiversity: latitudinal gradient of forest species diversity. In: Schulze ED, Mooney H (eds) Ecosystem function of biodiversity. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 433-451.
27. Japan Forestry Agency (1970) Volume tables. Japan Forestry Agency, Tokyo.
28. Jobidon R, Guillaume C, Thiffault N (2004) Plant species diversity and composition along an experimental gradient of northern hardwood abundance in Picea mariana plantations. For Ecol Manag 198: 209-221.
29. Kikuzawa K (1979) A method for yield prediction utilizing the yield-density diagram. J Jpn For Soc 61: 429-436.
30. Kikuzawa K (1983) Leaf survival of woody plants in deciduous broad-leaved forests: 1. Tall trees. Can J Bot 61: 2133-2139.
31. Kikuzawa K (1984) Leaf survival of woody plants in deciduous broad-leaved forests: 2 Small trees and shrubs. Can J Bot 62: 2551-2556.
32. Kohyama T (1993) Size-structured tree populations in gap-dynamic forest: the forest architecture hypothesis for the stable coexistence of species. J Ecol 81: 131-143.
33. Lei XD, Wang WF, Peng CH (2009) Relationships between stand growth and structural diversity in spruce-dominated forests in New Brunswick, Canada. Can J For Res 39: 1835-1847.
34. Leuchner M, Menzel A, Werner H (2007) Quantifying the relationship between light quality and light availability at different phenological stages within a mature mixed forest. Agr For Meteorol 142: 35-44.
35. McCarthy MA (2007) Bayesian methods for ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
36. Magurran AE (1988) Ecological diversity and its measurements. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
37. Masaki T, Nakashizuka T (2002) Seedling demography of Swida controversa: effect of light and distance to conspecifics. Ecology 83: 3497-3507.
38. Masaki T, Ota T, Sugita H, Oohara H, Otani T, Nagaike T, Nakamura S (2004) Structure and dynamics of tree populations within unsuccessful conifer plantations near the Shirakami Mountains, a snowy region of Japan. For Ecol Manag 94: 389-401.
39. Moller CM (1944) Untersuchungen uber Laubmenge, Stoffverlust und Stoffproduction des Waldes. Det fostlige Forsogsvasen i Denmark 17: 1-287.
40. Nagai M, Yoshida T (2006) Variation in understory structure and plant species diversity influenced by silvicultural treatments among 21- to 26-year-old Picea glehnii plantations. J For Res 11: 1-10.
41. Nagaike T, Hayashi A, Abe M, Arai N (2003) Differences in plant species diversity in Larix kaempferi plantations of different ages in central Japan. For Ecol Manag 183: 177-193.
42. Nagamatsu D, Seiwa K, Sakai A (2002) Seedling establishment of deciduous trees in various topographic positions. J Veg Sci 13: 35-44.
43. Nagata H, Tsuda Y (1975) Action of far-red and blue light on the germination of Japanese white birch seed. J Jpn For Soc 57: 160-163.
44. Ohsawa M (2007) The role of isolated old oak trees in maintaining beetle diversity within larch plantations in the central mountainous region of Japan. For Ecol Manag 250: 215-226.
45. Paccala SW, Chanham CC, Saponara J, Sialander JA Jr, Kobe RK, Ribbens E (1996) Forest models defined by field measurements: estimation, error analysis and dynamics. Ecol Monogr 66: 1-43.
46. Packer A, Clay K (2000) Soil pathogens and spatial patterns of seedling mortality in a temperate tree. Nature 404: 278-281.
47. R Development Core Team (2007) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna.
48. Ramovs BV, Roberts MR (2003) Understory vegetation and environment responses to tillage, forest harvesting, and conifer plantation development. Ecol Appl 13: 1682-1700.
49. Sakaguchi K (1961) Studies on basic factors in thinning. Bull Gov For Exp Stn 131: 1-95.
50. Seiwa K (1997) Variable regeneration behaviour of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica in response to disturbance regime for risk spreading. Seed Sci Res 7: 195-207.
51. Seiwa K (2007) Trade-offs between seedling growth and survival in deciduous broad-leaved trees in a temperate forest. Ann Bot 99: 537-544.
52. Seiwa K, Kikuzawa K (1991) Phenology of tree seedlings in relation to seed size. Can J Bot 69: 532-538.
53. Seiwa K, Kikuzawa K (1995) Optimum thinning ratio in a Japanese larch stand. In: Proceedings of the IUFRO international workshop on sustainable forest management. The University Forest, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, pp 237-245.
54. Seiwa K, Kikuzawa K (1996) Importance of seed size for the establishment of seedlings of five deciduous broad-leaved tree species. Vegetatio 123: 51-64.
55. Seiwa K, Kikuzawa K, Kadowaki T, Akasaka S, Ueno N (2006) Shoot lifespan in relation to successional status in deciduous broad-leaved tree species in a temperate forest. New Phytol 169: 537-548.
56. Seiwa K, Miwa Y, Sahashi N, Kanno H, Tomita M, Ueno N, Yamazaki M (2008) Pathogen attack and spatial patterns of juvenile mortality and growth in a temperate tree, Prunus grayana. Can J For Res 38: 2445-2454.
57. Seiwa K, Ando M, Imaji A, Tomita M, Kanou K (2009) Spatio-temporal variation of environmental signals inducing seed germination in temperate conifer plantation and natural hardwood forests in northern Japan. For Ecol Manag 257: 361-369.
58. Smith GF, Gittings T, Wilson M, French L, Ocbrough A, O'Donoghue S, O'Halloran J, Kelly DL, Mitchell FLG, Kelly T, Iremonger S, McKee A-M, Giller P (2008) Identifying practical indicators of biodiversity for stand-level management of plantation forests. Biodivers Conserv 17: 991-1015.
59. Steffan-Dewenter I, Kessler K, Barkmann J, Bos MM, Buchori D, Erasmi S, Faust H, Gerold G, Glenk K, Gradstein SR, Guhardja E, Harteveld M, Hertel D, Höhn P, Kappas M, Köhler S, Leuschner C, Maertens M, Marggraf R, Migge-Kleian S, Mogea J, Pitopang R, Schaefer M, Schwarze S, Sporn SG, Steingrebe A, Tjitrosoedirdjo SS, Tjitrosoemito S, Twele A, Weber R, Woltmann L, Zeller M, Tscharntke T (2007) Tradeoffs between income, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning during tropical rainforest conversion and agroforestry intensification. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104: 4973-4978.
60. Sugita H, Kunisaki T, Takahashi T, Takahashi R (2008) Effects of previous forest types and site conditions on species composition and abundance of naturally regenerated trees in young Cryptomeria japonica plantations in northern Japan. J For Res 13: 155-164.
61. Taki H, Inoue T, Tanaka H, Makihara H, Sueyoshi M, Isono M, Okabe K (2010) Responses of community structure, diversity, and abundance of understory plants and insect assemblages to thinning in plantations. For Ecol Manag 259: 607-613.
62. Thomas S, Halpern C, Falk D, Liguori D, Austin K (1999) Plant diversity in managed forests: understory responses to thinning and fertilization. Ecol Appl 9: 864-879.
63. Tilman D (1988) Plant strategies and the dynamics and structure of plant communities. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
64. Tomita M, Hirabuki Y, Seiwa K (2002) Post-dispersal changes in the spatial distribution of Fagus crenata seeds. Ecology 83: 1560-1565.
65. Utsugi E, Kanno H, Ueno N, Tomita M, Saitoh T, Kimura M, Kanou K, Seiwa K (2006) Hardwood recruitment into conifer plantations in Japan: effects of thinning and distance from neighboring hardwood forests. For Ecol Manag 237: 15-28.
66. Washitani I (1988) Effects of high temperature on the permeability and germinability of the hard seeds of Rhus javanica L. Ann Bot 62: 13-16.
67. Wetzel S, Burgess D (2001) Understory environment and vegetation response after partial cutting and site preparation in Pinus strobus L. stands. For Ecol Manag 151: 43-59.
68. Widenfalk O, Weslien J (2009) Plant species richness in managed boreal forests: effects of stand succession and thinning. For Ecol Manag 257: 1386-1394.
69. Yamagawa H, Ito S, Nakao T (2008) Early establishment of broad-leaved trees after logging of Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa plantations with different understory treatments. J For Res 13: 372-379.
70. Yamazaki M, Iwamoto S, Seiwa K (2009) Distance- and density-dependent seedling mortality caused by several fungal diseases for eight tree species co-occurring in a temperate forest. Plant Ecol 201: 181-196.
71. Yui M (1999) Bird species conservation. In: Fujimori T, Yui M, Ishii N (eds) Wildlife conservation in forests: conservation of biodiversity. Nihon Ringyo Chosakai, Tokyo, pp 125-127 (in Japanese).
72. Zuur AF, Ieno EN, Walker NJ, Saveliev AA, Smith GM (2009) Mixed effects models and extensions in ecology with R. Springer, Berlin.