Glacial isostatic adjustment constrains dehydration stiffening beneath Iceland

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Volumn 359-360, Issue , 2012, Pages 152-161

  Schmidt, Peter ^a   Lund, Björn ^a   Árnadóttir, Thóra ^b   Schmeling, Harro ^c  

^a UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ICELAND   (Iceland)

^c GOETHE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Dehydration stiffening; Glacial isostatic adjustment; Iceland; Rheology; Viscosity

Indexed keywords

BEST FIT; BUOYANT FORCES; CONSTANT STRAIN RATE; DYNAMIC BOUNDARY CONDITIONS; GLACIAL ISOSTATIC ADJUSTMENT; GLACIAL ISOSTATIC ADJUSTMENTS; ICELANDS; LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS; LINEAR EXTRAPOLATION; MANTLE VISCOSITY; PLUME-RIDGE; SOLID RESIDUES; UPPER MANTLE; VISCOSITY CONTRAST; VISCOUS DISSIPATION RATE;

DEHYDRATION; ELASTICITY; EXTRAPOLATION; RHEOLOGY;

VISCOSITY;

DEHYDRATION MELTING; GLACIOISOSTASY; GPS; MANTLE PLUME; MANTLE STRUCTURE; POSTGLACIAL REBOUND; RHEOLOGY; STRAIN RATE; UPPER MANTLE; VISCOSITY;

ICELAND;

EID: 84868535191     PISSN: 0012821X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2012.10.015     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Abaqus, 2007. Abaqus Manuals, Version 6.7. SIMULIA. 29 February 2012 〈〉. http://www.simulia.com.
2. Allen R.M., Nolet G., Morgan W.J., Vogfjörd K., Bergsson B.H., Erlendsson P., Fougler G.R., Jakobdóttir S., Julian B.R., Pritchard M., Ragnarsson S., Stefánsson R. Imaging the mantle beneath Iceland using integrated seismological techniques. J. Geophys. Res. 2002, 107(B12):2325.
3. Árnadóttir T., Jónsson S., Pollitz F.F., Jiang W.P., Feigl K.L. Postseismic deformation following the June 2000 earthquake sequence in the south Iceland seismic zone. J. Geophys. Res. 2005, 110(B12):308.
4. Árnadóttir T., Lund B., Jiang W., Geirsson H., Björnsson H., Einarsson P., Sigurdsson T. Glacial rebound and plate spreading. results from the first countrywide GPS observations in Iceland. Geophys. J. Int. 2009, 177(2):691-716.
5. Bai Q., Mackwell S., Kohlstedt D. High temperature creep of olivine single crystals. mechanical results for buffered samples. J. Geophys. Res. 1991, 96:2441-2463.
6. Bell D.R., Rossman G.R., Maldener J., Endisch D., Rauch F. Hydroxide in olivine. a quantitative determination of the absolute amount and calibration of the IR spectrum. J. Geophys. Res. 2003, 108(B2):2105.
7. Bjarnason I.T., Schmeling H. The lithosphere and asthenosphere of the Iceland hotspot from surface waves. Geophys. J. Int. 2009, 178:394-418.
8. Björnsson H. Glaciers in Iceland. Jökull 1979, 29:74-80.
9. Björnsson H., Pálsson F. Icelandic glaciers. Jökull 2008, 58:365-368.
10. Blacic J.D. Effect of water in the experimental deformation of olivine. Flow and Fracture of Rocks. Geophysical Monograph Series 1972, vol. 16:109-115.
11. Braun A., Chung-Yen Kuo C.K., Shum, Wu P., van der Wal W., Fotopoulus G. Glacial isostatic adjustment at the Laurentide ice sheet margin. models and observations in the Great Lakes region. J. Geodyn. 2008, 46:165-173.
12. Braun M.G., Hirth G., Parmentier E.M. The effects of deep damp melting on mantle flow and melt generation beneath mid-ocean ridges. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2000, 176:339-356.
13. Chopra P.N., Paterson M.S. The experimental deformation of dunite. Tectonophysics 1981, 78:453-473.
14. Delorey A.A., Dunn R.A., Gaherty J.B. Surface wave tomography of the upper mantle beneath the Reykjanes Ridge with implications for ridge-hot spot interaction. J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112(B8):33333.
15. Dziewonski A.M., Anderson D.L. Preliminary reference Earth model. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 1981, 25(June):297-356.
16. Fedorova T., Jacoby W.R., Wallner H. Crust-mantle transition and Moho model for Iceland and surroundings from seismic, topography, and gravity data. Tectonophysics 2005, 396:119-140.
17. Fleming K., Martinec Z., Wolf D. Glacial-isostatic adjustment and the viscosity structure underlying the Vatnajökull Ice Cap, Iceland. Pure Appl. Geophys. 2007, 164(4):751-768.
18. Han D., Wahr J. An analysis of anisotropic mantle viscosity, and its possible effects on post-glacial rebound. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 1997, 102:33-50.
19. Hirth G., Kohlstedt D. Rheology of the upper mantle and the mantle wedge. a view from the experimentalists. Inside the Subduction Factory. Geophysical Monograph Series 2003, vol. 138:83-105.
20. Hirth G., Kohlstedt D.L. Water in the oceanic upper mantle. implications for rheology, melt extraction and the evolution of the lithosphere. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1996, 144(1-2):93-108.
21. Hitchings R.S., Paterson M.S., Bitmead J. Effects of iron and magnetite additions in olivine-pyroxene rheology. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 1989, 55:277-291.
22. Hofton M.A., Foulger G.R. Postrifting anelastic deformation around the spreading plate boundary, north Iceland 1. Modeling of the 1987-1992 deformation field using a viscoelastic Earth structure. J. Geophys. Res. 1996, 101(B11):25403-25421.
23. Ito G. Reykjanes 'V'-shaped ridges originating from a pulsating and dehydrating mantle plume. Nature 2001, 411:681-684.
24. Ito G., Shen Y., Hirth G., Wolfe C.J. Mantle flow, melting, and dehydration of the Iceland mantle plume. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1999, 165:81-96.
25. Jamtveit B., Brooker R., Brooks K., Larsen L.M., Pedersen T. The water content of olivines from the North Atlantic Volcanic Province. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2001, 186:401-415.
26. Karato S.-I. Does partial melting reduce the creep strength of the upper mantle?. Nature 1986, 319:309-310.
27. Karato S.-I., Jung H. Effects of pressure on high-temperature dislocation creep in olivine. Philos. Mag. 2003, 83(3):401-414.
28. Koga K., Hauri E., Hirschmann M., Bell D. Hydrogen concentration analyses using SIMS and FTIR. comparison and calibration for nominally anhydrous minerals. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2003, 4(2):1019.
29. Kohlstedt D.L., Zimmerman M.E. Rheology of partially molten mantle rocks. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 1996, 24:41-62.
30. Korenaga J. Thermal evolution with a hydrating mantle and the initiation of plate tectonics in the early Earth. J. Geophys. Res. 2011, 116:B12403.
31. Korenaga J., Karato S.-I. A new analysis of experimental data on olivine rheology. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113:B024003.
32. LaFemina P.C., Dixon T.H., Malservisi R., Ánadóttir T., Sturkell E., Sigmundsson F., Einarsson P. Geodetic GPS measurements in south Iceland. strain accumulation and partitioning in a propagating ridge system. J. Geophys. Res. 2005, 110(B11405):3333.
33. Latychev K., Mitrovica J., Tromp J., Tamisiea M., Komatitsch D., Christara C. Glacial isostatic adjustment on 3-D Earth models. a finite-volume formulation. Geophys. J. Int. 2005, 161(2):421-444.
34. Mackwell S.J., Kohlstedt D., Paterson M.S. The role of water in the deformation of olivine single crystals. J. Geophys. Res. 1985, 90(B13):11319-11333.
35. Mei S., Bai W., Hiraga L. Influence of melt on the creep behavior of olivine-basalt aggregates under hydrous conditions. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2002, 201(3-4):491-507. K. D.
36. Mei S., Kohlstedt D.L. Influence of water on plastic deformation of olivine aggregates 1. Diffusion creep regime. J. Geophys. Res. 2000, 105(B9):21457-21469.
37. Mei S., Kohlstedt D.L. Influence of water on plastic deformation of olivine aggregates 2. Dislocation creep regime. J. Geophys. Res. 2000, 105(B9):21471-21481.
38. Milne G.A., Mitrovica J.X., Scherneck H.-G., Davis J.L., Johansson J.M., Koivula H., Vermeer M. Continuous GPS measurements of postglacial adjustment in Fennoscandia. 2. Modeling results. J. Geophys. Res. 2004, 109:B02412.
39. Nichols A.R.L., Carroll M.R., Höskuldsson A. Is the Iceland hot spot also wet? Evidence from the water content of undegassed submarine and subglacial pillow basalts. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2002, 202(1):77-78.
40. Pagli C., Sigmundsson F., Lund B., Sturkell E., Geirsson H., Einarsson P., Árnadóttir T., Hreinsdóttir S. Glacio-isostatic deformation around the Vatnajökull ice cap, Iceland, induced by recent climate warming. GPS observations and finite element modeling. J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112:B08405.
41. Phipps Morgan J. The generation of a compositional lithosphere by mid-ocean ridge melting and its effect on subsequent off-axis hotspot upwelling and melting. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1997, 146:213-232.
42. Pilidou S., Priestley K., Debayle E., Gudmundson O. Rayleigh wave tomography in the North Atlantic. high resolution images of the Iceland, Azores and Eifel mantle plumes. Lithos 2005, 79:453-474.
43. Ranalli G. Inferences on mantle rheology from creep laws. Dynamics of the Ice Age Earth 1998, 323-340. Trans Tech Publications. P. Wu (Ed.).
44. Ruedas T. Dynamics, crustal thicknesses, seismic anomalies, and electrical conductivities in dry and hydrous ridge-centered plumes. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 2006, 155:16-41.
45. Ruedas T., Schmeling H., Marquart Iceland. the current picture of a ridge-centered mantle plume. Mantle Plumes-A Multidisciplinary Approach 2007, 71-126. Springer, (ISBN: 978-3-540-68045-1). U.R. Christensen (Ed.).
46. Schmeling H. On the interaction between small- and large-scale convection and postglacial rebound flow in a power-law mantle. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1987, 84:254-262.
47. Schmeling H. Crustal accretion at high temperature spreading centres. rheological control of crustal thickness. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 2010, 171:323-335.
48. Schmidt P., Lund B., Hieronymus C. Implementation of the glacial rebound pre-stress advection correction in general-purpose finite element analysis software. springs versus foundations. Comp. Geosci. 2012, 40:97-106.
49. Schmidt, P., Lund, B., Hieronymus, C., Maclennan, J., Árnadóttir, T., Pagli, C. Effects of present day deglaciation on melt production rates beneath Iceland, submitted for publication.
50. Sigmundsson F. Post-glacial rebound and asthenosphere viscosity in Iceland. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1991, 18:1131-1134.
51. Tenner T.J., Hirschmann M.M., Withers A.C., Hervig R.L. Hydrogen partitioning between nominally anhydrous upper mantle minerals and melt between 3 and 5GPa and applications to hydrous peridotite partial melting. Chem. Geol. 2009, 262:42-45.
52. Thórarinsson S. Oscillations of the Iceland glaciers in the last 250 years. Geogr. Ann. 1943, 25:1-54.
53. Tullis T.E., Horowitz F.G., Tullis J. Flow laws of polyphase aggregates from end-member flow laws. J. Geophys. Res. 1991, 96(B5):8081-8096.
54. Wessel P., Smith W.H.F. Free software helps map and display data. EOS Trans. AGU 1991, 72:441. 10.1029/90EO00319.
55. Whitehouse P., Latychev K., Milne G.A., Mitrovica J.X., Kendall R. Impact of 3-D Earth structure on Fennoscandian glacial isostatic adjustment. implications for space-geodetic estimates of present-day crustal deformations. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2006, 33:L13502.
56. Wu P. Can observations of postglacial rebound tell whether the rheology of the mantle is linear or nonlinear. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1995, 22(13):1645-1648.
57. Wu P. Modelling postglacial sea levels with power-law rheology and a realistic ice model in the absence of ambient tectonic stress. Geophys. J. Int. 1999, 139(3):691-702.
58. Wu P. Using commercial finite element packages for the study of earth deformations, sea levels and the state of stress. Geophys. J. Int. 2004, 158:401-408.
59. Zimmerman M.E., Kohlstedt D.L. Rheological properties of partially molten lherzolite. J. Petrol. 2004, 45(2):275-298.