Treatment with tacrolimus and prednisolone is preferable to intravenous cyclophosphamide as the initial therapy for children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome

Kidney International

Volumn 82, Issue 10, 2012, Pages 1130-1135

  Gulati, Ashima ^a   Sinha, Aditi ^a   Gupta, Aarti ^a   Kanitkar, Madhuri ^b   Sreenivas, Vishnubhatla ^a   Sharma, Jyoti ^c   Mantan, Mukta ^d   Agarwal, Indira ^e   Dinda, Amit K ^a   Hari, Pankaj ^a   Bagga, Arvind ^a  

^a ALL INDIA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (India)

^b ARMED FORCES MEDICAL COLLEGE   (India)

^c Bharati Vidyapeeth's Medical College   (India)

^d MAULANA AZAD MEDICAL COLLEGE   (India)

^e CHRISTIAN MEDICAL COLLEGE   (India)

Author keywords

calcineurin inhibitors; complete remission; focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; minimal change disease

Indexed keywords

CREATININE; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; PREDNISOLONE; PROTEIN; TACROLIMUS;

ADOLESCENT; ALOPECIA; ARTICLE; CHILD; CONGENITAL NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; CONTROLLED STUDY; CREATININE URINE LEVEL; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG PREFERENCE; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRUG TREATMENT FAILURE; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; FOCAL GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INFECTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MEMBRANOPROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; MULTICENTER STUDY; NEPHROTOXICITY; NEUTROPENIA; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN URINE LEVEL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RECURRENT INFECTION; RELAPSE; REMISSION; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADOLESCENT; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS; INDIA; INFUSIONS, INTRAVENOUS; KAPLAN-MEIER ESTIMATE; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; ODDS RATIO; PREDNISOLONE; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; PROTEINURIA; RECURRENCE; REMISSION INDUCTION; TACROLIMUS; TIME FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84868514807     PISSN: 00852538     EISSN: 15231755     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/ki.2012.238     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Colquitt JL, Kirby J, Green C et al. The clinical effectiveness and cost effectiveness of treatments for children with idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: a systematic review. Health Technol Assess 2007; 11: 1-93.
2. Hodson EM, Willis NS, Craig JC. Interventions for idiopathic steroidresistant nephrotic syndrome in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010; 11: CD003594.
3. Levey AS, Cattran D, Friedman A et al. Proteinuria as a surrogate outcome in CKD: report of a scientific workshop sponsored by the National Kidney Foundation and the US Food and Drug Administration. Am J Kidney Dis 2009; 54: 205-226.
4. Tryggvason K, Pettersson E. Causes and consequences of proteinuria: the kidney filtration barrier and progressive renal failure. J Intern Med 2003; 254: 216-224. (Pubitemid 37070222)
5. Tarshish P, Tobin JN, Bernstein J et al. Cyclophosphamide does not benefit patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: a report of the International Study of Kidney Diseases in Children. Pediatr Nephrol 1996; 10: 590-593.
6. Rennert WP, Kala VK, Jacobs D et al. Pulse cyclophosphamide for steroidresistant focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. Pediatr Nephrol 1999; 13: 113-116. (Pubitemid 29206233)
7. Bajpai A, Bagga A, Hari P et al. Intravenous cyclophosphamide in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2003; 18: 351-356. (Pubitemid 36790073)
8. Elhence R, Gulati S, Kher V et al. Intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide-a new regimen for steroid resistant minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 1994; 8: 1-3. (Pubitemid 24042355)
9. Mantan M, Sriram CS, Hari P et al. Efficacy of intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide treatment versus combination of intravenous dexamethasone and oral cyclophosphamide treatment in steroidresistant nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2008; 23: 1495-1502.
10. Ponticelli C, Rizzoni G, Edefonti A et al. A randomized trial of cyclosporine in steroid-resistant idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Kidney Int 1993; 43: 1377-1384. (Pubitemid 23161428)
11. Lieberman KV, Tejani A. A randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial of cyclosporine in steroid-resistant idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in children. J Am Soc Nephrol 1996; 7: 56-63. (Pubitemid 26068448)
12. Cattran DC, Appel GB, Hebert LA et al. A randomized trial of cyclosporine in patients with steroid-resistant focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. North America Nephrotic Syndrome Study Group. Kidney Int 1999; 56: 2220-2226. (Pubitemid 30004751)
13. Chen LZ, Jiang XY, Lu HY et al. Efficacy and safety of cyclosporine A in treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome in children: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2009; 47: 898-903.
14. Cattran DC, Alexopoulos E, Heering P et al. Cyclosporin in idiopathic glomerular disease associated with the nephrotic syndrome: workshop recommendations. Kidney Int 2007; 72: 1429-1447. (Pubitemid 350197945)
15. Gulati S, Prasad N, Sharma RK et al. Tacrolimus: a new therapy for steroidresistant nephrotic syndrome in children. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008; 23: 910-913. (Pubitemid 351767558)
16. Butani L, Ramsamooj R. Experience with tacrolimus in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2009; 24: 1517-1523.
17. Choudhry S, Bagga A, Hari P et al. Efficacy and safety of tacrolimus versus cyclosporine in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Kidney Dis 2009; 53: 760-769.
18. Li X, Li H, Ye H et al. Tacrolimus therapy in adults with steroid and cyclophosphamide resistant nephrotic syndrome and normal or mildly reduced GFR. Am J Kidney Dis 2009; 54: 51-58.
19. Roberti I, Vyas S. Long-term outcome of children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome treated with tacrolimus. Pediatr Nephrol 2010; 25: 1117-1124.
20. Gipson DS, Trachtman H, Kaskel FJ et al. Clinical trial of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in children and young adults. Kidney Int 2011; 80: 868-878.
21. Plank C, Kalb V, Hinkes B et al. Cyclosporin A is superior to cyclophosphamide in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndromea randomized controlled multicentre trial by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Pädiatrische Nephrologie. Pediatr Nephrol 2008; 23: 1483-1493.
22. Troyanov S, Wall CA, Miller JA et al. Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis: definition and relevance of a partial remission. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 16: 1061-1068. (Pubitemid 41710316)
23. Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D, the CONSORT Group. CONSORT 2010 statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized trials. BMC Med 2010; 8: 18.
24. Schwartz GJ, Muñ oz A, Schneider MF et al. New equations to estimate GFR in children with CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009; 20: 629-637.
25. Nuovo J, Melnikow J, Chang D. Reporting number needed to treat and absolute risk reduction in randomized controlled trials. JAMA 2002; 287: 2813-2814. (Pubitemid 34591971)